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E-raamat: Evolution and Behavior

(Sheffield Hallam University, UK), (University of South Wales, UK)
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The relationship between how we evolved and how we behave is a controversial and fascinating field of study. From how we choose a mate to how we socialize with other people, the evolutionary process has an enduring legacy on the way we view the world. Evolution and Behavior provides students with a thorough and accessible introduction to this growing discipline.

Placing evolutionary psychology in context with the core areas of psychology developmental, cognitive and social the book explores some of the most fundamental questions we can ask about ourselves. Taking students through the principles of natural selection, it provides a nuanced understanding of key topics such as:











cognitive development and the role of intelligence,





memory, emotions and perception,





mental health and abnormal psychology,





sexual reproduction and family relationships,





the development of culture.

Addressing a number of controversial debates in the field, each chapter also includes concept boxes, the definition of key terms, chapter summaries and further reading. This is the ideal introductory textbook for anyone interested in evolutionary psychology. It will provide not only an essential overview of this emerging field, but also deepen readers appreciation of the core tenets of psychology as a whole.

Arvustused

"As this book demonstrates clearly, behavior becomes immensely more comprehensible through the lens of evolution. Workman and Readers text is thorough and readable, and not afraid to tackle the issues that many see as most challenging from an evolutionary perspective, such as culture and mental illness." Dr Michael E. Price, Department of Life Sciences, Brunel University London, UK

List of illustrations
ix
1 Why the fuss? Evolution and human behavior
1(22)
Evolutionary psychology is different: Proximate and ultimate explanations
1(4)
Darwin's theory
5(4)
From small to big changes: The evolutionary process over billions of years
9(7)
Sexual selection
16(3)
From evolution to evolutionary psychology
19(1)
Summary
20(3)
2 How did we get here: Human evolution and genetics
23(24)
Human evolution
24(5)
Evolution of brain size and intelligence
29(6)
Mendelian genetics -- The physical foundation of evolutionary change
35(6)
From genes to brain and behavior -- Three timescales
41(1)
Heritability and behavior
42(1)
Summary
43(4)
3 Darwin's second selective force: Sexual selection
47(20)
Sexual selection -- From Darwin to the present
48(6)
Why have sex? Comparing apomixes and parthenogenesis
54(2)
Sexual selection and human intelligence?
56(3)
Sexual selection and sex differences in human aggression
59(6)
Summary
65(2)
4 Mate choice: The origin of human sexual preferences
67(26)
Mate choice psychology
67(2)
The evolution of sex differences
69(3)
Sex differences in mate choice: Are men from Mars and women from Venus?
72(6)
What do men and women want - The findings from evolutionary psychology
78(9)
Cultural variability with regard to sex differences in mate choice preferences
87(1)
So are men from Mars and women from Venus?
88(2)
Summary
90(3)
5 Living with others: Evolution and social behavior
93(22)
Evolutionary social psychology
94(2)
Kin selection and social behavior
96(7)
Parental investment theory
103(3)
One good deed deserves another -- Dealing with non-kin
106(5)
Evolutionary psychology and social psychology today
111(1)
Summary
112(3)
6 Growing up: Evolution and development
115(24)
Nature-nurture, development and evolution
115(3)
Nature-nurture: Explaining similarities and differences
118(1)
Twins and heritability
119(4)
Between groups, within groups and heritability
123(1)
Summary: Is behavioral genetics research a waste of time?
124(1)
Cognitive development
125(1)
The problem with babies
126(3)
What is childhood for? Life history theory and development
129(2)
A life history theory of development
131(5)
Summary
136(3)
7 Decisions, decisions: The evolution of cognition and emotion
139(24)
Cognition and emotion: Two things or one?
140(2)
Cognition
142(2)
Evolution and cognition
144(6)
Summary
150(1)
Emotion
150(5)
The function of emotional states
155(5)
Summary
160(3)
8 When things go wrong: Evolution and abnormal psychology
163(26)
What is abnormal psychology?
164(1)
Darwinian medicine and the relationship between evolution and vulnerability to mental health problems
165(2)
The mismatch hypothesis
167(4)
Constraints on what natural selection can shape
171(1)
Design "Trade-offs" -- Are there compensatory advantages to mental health problems?
172(8)
Traits that increase reproduction are at the cost of health and longevity
180(4)
Many protective defenses have negative aspects
184(1)
Darwinian medicine -- A step forward?
185(1)
Summary
185(4)
9 Culture vultures: Evolution and culture
189(18)
What is culture?
189(4)
Are there any cultural universals?
193(2)
What is the point of culture?
195(2)
The mechanisms that underlie culture
197(4)
From culture to civilization
201(1)
The economics of specialization
202(3)
The future of cultural studies
205(1)
Summary
205(2)
10 Darwinian differences
207(18)
Why do we differ?
207(2)
The measurement of personality: A little history
209(1)
Statistical ways of creating personality types
210(1)
How many factors?
210(2)
The stability of personality factors over different situations
212(1)
Personality in non-human animals
213(2)
Is there an evolutionary benefit to being different?
215(1)
No advantage
215(1)
Changing environmental hypothesis
216(2)
Trade-offs
218(1)
Niche fitting and frequency dependency
219(3)
Niche fitting and psychopathy
222(1)
Niche fitting and non-disordered personalities
222(1)
Summary
223(2)
11 Putting it together: Criticisms, debates and future directions
225(22)
Should evolutionary psychology be used to shape society?
226(2)
Is evolutionary psychology sexist?
228(3)
Why do men and women differ in their mate choice criteria?
231(4)
"Survival of the species" -- What does natural selection select for?
235(1)
Is evolutionary psychology based on genetic determinism?
236(2)
Does evolutionary psychology argue we are all selfish?
238(2)
Is evolution unimportant now that we have culture?
240(1)
The future of evolutionary psychology
240(2)
The future of psychology is evolutionary psychology?
242(1)
Summary
243(4)
Glossary 247(8)
References 255(18)
Author Index 273(4)
Subject Index 277
Lance Workman is Visiting Professor of Psychology at the University of South Wales in the UK.

Will Reader is Senior Lecturer in Psychology at Sheffield Hallam University in the UK.