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E-raamat: !Exacto!: A Practical Guide to Spanish Grammar

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(the Open University, UK), (Begonako Andra Mari Teacher Training College, Spain), (the Open University, UK), (the Open University, UK)
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!Exacto!: A Practical Guide to Spanish GrammarSuurem pilt
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¡Exacto! is an accessible guide to Spanish grammar.

Using an appealing visual layout, the essentials of Spanish grammar are presented in tables and charts allowing learners to navigate the information easily and view explanations, examples of usage and any exceptions to the rule at a glance.

Key features:











Grids and tables ensure key information is available for quick reference and review





Graded to allow students to hone in on the material most suited to their current level





Coverage of Spanish as a world language, with examples from different varieties of Peninsular Spanish and Latin American Spanish





Grammar and workbook in one, with exercises within each unit to practise and consolidate learning





A glossary of grammatical terminology ensures all explanations within the book are clear and accessible





An answer key making it ideal for self-study.

Suitable for class use and independent study, this new edition of ¡Exacto! is the ideal grammar reference and practice resource for all learners of Spanish, from beginners to advanced students.
How to use this book ix
Glossary xiii
1 Accentuation
1(5)
1.1 General written accentuation rules in Spanish
1(1)
1.2 Diacritic accent
2(1)
1.3 Vowel combinations
3(1)
1.4 Accents with enclitic pronouns
4(1)
1.5 Accents on upper case vowels
4(1)
1.6 Diaeresis
4(2)
2 Nouns
6(12)
2.1 Natural gender
6(2)
2.2 Grammatical gender
8(3)
2.3 Number
11(2)
2.4 Collective nouns
13(1)
2.5 Diminutive, augmentative and pejorative suffixes
14(4)
3 Articles
18(8)
3.1 The definite article
18(5)
3.2 The indefinite article
23(3)
4 Qualifying adjectives
26(12)
4.1 Agreement in gender and number
26(3)
4.2 Shortened forms and change of meaning
29(1)
4.3 Comparison of adjectives
30(4)
4.4 The superlative
34(2)
4.5 Comparison of adverbs, nouns and verbs
36(2)
5 Personal pronouns
38(16)
5.1 Subject pronouns
38(4)
5.2 Forms of address
42(2)
5.3 Direct object pronouns
44(3)
5.4 Indirect object pronouns
47(2)
5.5 Object pronouns with prepositions
49(2)
5.6 Order of object pronouns
51(3)
6 Demonstratives
54(3)
7 Possessives
57(4)
7.1 Possessive adjectives
57(2)
7.2 Possessive pronouns
59(2)
8 Numerals
61(7)
8.1 Cardinal numbers
61(3)
8.2 Ordinal numbers
64(2)
8.3 Collective numbers and fractions
66(2)
9 Indefinites
68(5)
10 Adverbs
73(5)
11 Interrogatives
78(5)
12 Prepositions
83(14)
13 Interjections
97(6)
14 The Spanish verb
103(3)
15 Impersonal forms of the verb
106(9)
15.1 The infinitive
106(3)
15.2 The gerund
109(3)
15.3 The past participle
112(3)
16 Present tenses of the indicative
115(6)
16.1 The present simple
115(4)
16.2 The present continuous
119(2)
17 Future tenses of the indicative
121(7)
17.1 The future with ir a
121(1)
17.2 The future simple
122(3)
17.3 The future continuous
125(1)
17.4 The future perfect
126(2)
18 Past tenses of the indicative
128(18)
18.1 The imperfect
128(2)
18.2 The imperfect continuous
130(1)
18.3 The preterite
131(4)
18.4 Choosing between the preterite and the imperfect
135(2)
18.5 The perfect
137(5)
18.6 The perfect continuous
142(1)
18.7 The pluperfect
143(2)
18.8 The pluperfect continuous
145(1)
19 Imperatives
146(5)
20 Conditional tenses
151(5)
20.1 The conditional
151(2)
20.2 The conditional perfect
153(3)
21 Subjunctive tenses
156(11)
21.1 The present subjunctive
156(4)
21.2 The perfect subjunctive
160(2)
21.3 The imperfect subjunctive
162(2)
21.4 The pluperfect subjunctive
164(3)
22 Special verbs
167(12)
22.1 To be: ser and estar
167(3)
22.2 The verb haber
170(1)
22.3 Gustar and similar verbs
171(2)
22.4 Soler and acostumbrar
173(1)
22.5 Pronominal verbs
174(5)
23 Special verb constructions
179(10)
23.1 Impersonal sentences
179(2)
23.2 The passive
181(4)
23.3 Uses of se
185(4)
24 Sentence organisation: the simple sentence
189(3)
25 Negatives
192(5)
26 Sentence organisation: compound and complex sentences
197(30)
26.1 The compound sentence
197(3)
26.2 The complex sentence
200(1)
26.3 The noun clause
201(2)
26.4 The adjectival or relative clause
203(7)
26.5 The adverbial clause
210(9)
26.6 Time relations
219(4)
26.7 The conditional sentence
223(4)
27 Indirect speech
227(6)
Appendix: verb tables 233(10)
Key to exercises 243(24)
Bibliography 267(2)
Grammatical Index 269
Ane Ortega was a lecturer in Spanish at The Open University, UK, and is currently a lecturer in Language Education at the Begoñako Andra Mari Teacher Training University College of Bilbao, Spain.

Tita Beaven is a senior lecturer in Spanish at The Open University.

Cecilia Garrido was for many years a senior lecturer in Spanish at The Open University. She retired from the University in 2015.

Sean Scrivener is an editor attached to the School of Languages and Applied Linguistics at The Open University.
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