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E-raamat: Extremal Finite Set Theory

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Extremal Finite Set Theory surveys old and new results in the area of extremal set system theory. It presents an overview of the main techniques and tools (shifting, the cycle method, profile polytopes, incidence matrices, flag algebras, etc.) used in the different subtopics. The book focuses on the cardinality of a family of sets satisfying certain combinatorial properties. It covers recent progress in the subject of set systems and extremal combinatorics.

Intended for graduate students, instructors teaching extremal combinatorics and researchers, this book serves as a sound introduction to the theory of extremal set systems. In each of the topics covered, the text introduces the basic tools used in the literature. Every chapter provides detailed proofs of the most important results and some of the most recent ones, while the proofs of some other theorems are posted as exercises with hints.

Features:











Presents the most basic theorems on extremal set systems





Includes many proof techniques





Contains recent developments





The books contents are well suited to form the syllabus for an introductory course

About the Authors:

Dániel Gerbner is a researcher at the Alfréd Rényi Institute of Mathematics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Budapest, Hungary. He holds a Ph.D. from Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary and has contributed to numerous publications. His research interests are in extremal combinatorics and search theory.

Balázs Patkós is also a researcher at the Alfréd Rényi Institute of Mathematics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He holds a Ph.D. from Central European University, Budapest and has authored several research papers. His research interests are in extremal and probabilistic combinatorics.

Arvustused

"Materials collected in this book were meant to be presented at the Extremal Sets Systems Seminar of the Alfréd Rényi Institute of Mathematics. The main focus is placed on maximizing the cardinality of a family of sets satisfying some prescribed properties. The authors pay great attention to present a large range of proof techniques used in dealing with finite sets systems and give an extensive survey of recent results. Although ordinary graphs are 2-uniform families, extremal graph theory is outside the scope of this book. Ramsey-type theorems and coding theory are also avoided. The intended audience includes (1) students eager to learn the central topics on a graduate level; (2) university professors offering courses on extremal combinatorics; (3) researchers refreshing their knowledge and learning recent developments in the field. The book concludes with a comprehensive bibliography of 556 items. This makes it a convenient reference book for people interested in the latest developments in extremal finite set theory."

Ko-Wei Lih (Taipei) zbMath September 2019

"This book gives a well-organized and timely summary of research directions in classical extremal combinatorics. As the title clari es, the focus excludes in nitary combinatorics. And, by the authors' own admission, results particular to extremal graph theory or coding theory are omitted. Instead, a considerable level of depth is o ered on the status of the primary topics of extremal set theory: intersection theorems, Sperner families, Turan problems, and saturation variants of these. The text is appropriate for graduate students or keen undergrads, and serves equally well as a comprehensive reference for researchers.

The book has over 500 insightful exercises which build on the presentation. These are especially valuable for young researchers in the subject, who can gain familiarity with the methods and connect various topics."

~Peter James Dukes--Mathematical Reviews Oct. 2019

Acknowledgement ix
Preface xi
Notation and Definitions xiii
1 Basics
1(28)
1.1 Sperner's theorem, LYM-inequality, Bollobas inequality
1(4)
1.2 The Erdos-Ko-Rado theorem - several proofs
5(7)
1.3 Intersecting Sperner families
12(4)
1.4 Isoperimetric inequalities: the Kruskal-Katona theorem and Harper's theorem
16(8)
1.5 Sunflowers
24(5)
2 Intersection theorems
29(56)
2.1 Stability of the Erdos-Ko-Rado theorem
29(6)
2.2 t-intersecting families
35(8)
2.3 Above the Erdos-Ko-Rado threshold
43(12)
2.3.1 Erdos's matching conjecture
43(4)
2.3.2 Supersaturation - minimum number of disjoint pairs
47(6)
2.3.3 Most probably intersecting families
53(1)
2.3.4 Almost intersecting families
54(1)
2.4 L-intersecting families
55(4)
2.5 r-wise intersecting families
59(5)
2.6 k-uniform intersecting families with covering number k
64(8)
2.7 The number of intersecting families
72(4)
2.8 Cross-intersecting families
76(9)
2.8.1 The sum of the sizes of cross-intersecting families
76(5)
2.8.2 The product of the sizes of cross-intersecting families
81(4)
3 Sperner-type theorems
85(30)
3.1 More-part Sperner families
85(8)
3.2 Supersaturation
93(4)
3.3 The number of antichains in 2[ n] (Dedekind's problem)
97(5)
3.4 Union-free families and related problems
102(4)
3.5 Union-closed families
106(9)
4 Random versions of Sperner's theorem and the Erdos-Ko-Rado theorem
115(24)
4.1 The largest antichain in Qn(p)
116(7)
4.2 Largest intersecting families in Qn,k(p)
123(3)
4.3 Removing edges from Kn(n, k)
126(2)
4.4 G-intersecting families
128(5)
4.5 A random process generating intersecting families
133(6)
5 Turan-type problems
139(56)
5.1 Complete forbidden hypergraphs and local sparsity
142(5)
5.2 Graph-based forbidden hypergraphs
147(26)
5.2.1 Expansions
148(7)
5.2.2 Berge hypergraphs
155(7)
5.2.3 Minimal Berge hypergraphs
162(1)
5.2.4 Inflated graphs
162(4)
5.2.5 Suspensions
166(3)
5.2.6 Other graph-based hypergraphs
169(4)
5.3 Hypergraph-based forbidden hypergraphs
173(5)
5.3.1 Extensions and Lagrangians of hypergraphs
175(3)
5.4 Other forbidden hypergraphs
178(3)
5.5 Some methods
181(9)
5.5.1 Supersaturation
181(1)
5.5.2 Flag algebras
182(5)
5.5.3 Hypergraph regularity
187(2)
5.5.4 Spectral methods
189(1)
5.6 Non-uniform Turan problems
190(5)
6 Saturation problems
195(16)
6.1 Saturated hypergraphs and weak saturation
196(5)
6.2 Saturating k-Sperner families and related problems
201(10)
7 Forbidden subposet problems
211(38)
7.1 Chain partitioning and other methods
213(7)
7.2 General bounds on La(n, P) involving the height of P
220(4)
7.3 Supersaturation
224(1)
7.4 Induced forbidden subposet problems
225(5)
7.5 Other variants of the problem
230(3)
7.6 Counting other subposets
233(16)
8 Traces of sets
249(26)
8.1 Characterizing the case of equality in the Sauer Lemma
250(3)
8.2 The arrow relation
253(4)
8.3 Forbidden subconfigurations
257(7)
8.4 Uniform versions
264(11)
9 Combinatorial search theory
275(20)
9.1 Basics
275(7)
9.2 Searching with small query sets
282(2)
9.3 Parity search
284(2)
9.4 Searching with lies
286(2)
9.5 Between adaptive and non-adaptive algorithms
288(7)
Bibliography 295(38)
Index 333
Dániel Gerbner is a researcher at the Alfréd Rényi Institute of Mathematics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Budapest, Hungary. He holds a Ph.D. from Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary and has contributed to numerous publications. His research interests are in extremal combinatorics and search theory.

Balázs Patkós is also a researcher at the Alfréd Rényi Institute of Mathematics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. He holds a Ph.D. from Central European University, Budapest and has authored several research papers. His research interests are in extremal and probabilistic combinatorics.