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E-raamat: Flood Proofing in Urban Areas

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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 05-Jun-2019
  • Kirjastus: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783030059347
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Flood Proofing in Urban AreasSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 05-Jun-2019
  • Kirjastus: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783030059347
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Flood control in urban areas needs an innovative approach, capable of integrating the traditional prevailing mitigation measures, aimed at reducing hazard, with new standards working toward downgrading vulnerability. 

This book introduces flood proofing concepts, techniques and devices in environmental and land-use planning and management, including physics of stability and instability of both human beings and buildings under flood attack, criteria and models to assess flood strain, safety margins for flood proofing devices and facilities. An updated and enhanced classification of flood proofing methods and devices is then presented to better identify the appropriate solutions to specific risk scenarios, and to address the most effective ones from both technical and economical point of view. The provided user-friendly focus on temporary flood proofing techniques descend from their capability to meet performance efficiency under a satisfactory cost to benefit framework. Most of the examples shown are real case studies, without mentioning manufacturers or commercial products. The book finally reports a resume of norms, guidelines, and laboratory test recommendations for flood proofing devices currently in use in different countries, given that diversity of landscape and social patterns require a multifaceted and flexible approach.

The purpose of this book is twofold: to encourage authorities, stakeholders, technicians and end users to develop appropriate flood proofing solutions to reduce flood risk under a pragmatic approach; and, from a cultural point of view, to inspire researchers, designers and enterprises to advance answers in a key-sector for the safety of urban areas.

 


1 Introduction
1(10)
References
8(3)
2 Flood Impact on Buildings
11(14)
2.1 Introduction
11(1)
2.2 Evaluation Criteria
11(10)
2.2.1 Analysis of Stormwater Effects
11(5)
2.2.2 Buoyancy and Hydrodynamic Force
16(2)
2.2.3 Empirical Criterion of Clausen and Clark (1990) for Masonry Buildings
18(1)
2.2.4 Smith' Empirical Criterion (1991)
19(2)
2.3 Comparison Between Different Criteria
21(4)
References
24(1)
3 Flood Impact on Human Beings Stability
25(20)
3.1 Introduction
25(1)
3.2 Models of Human Beings Stability
25(20)
3.2.1 Empirical USBR Approaches
26(1)
3.2.2 Semi-empirical Approach
26(4)
3.2.3 Laboratory Tests at Helsinki University of Technology
30(1)
3.2.4 Comparison of Results and Envelope Threshold
31(4)
3.2.5 Conceptual Physically-Based Approaches
35(7)
References
42(3)
4 Flood Impact on Mobilizable Objects
45(4)
References
48(1)
5 Global Criteria for Impact Estimation
49(8)
5.1 Introduction
49(1)
5.2 New South Wales (Australia) Criteria
49(1)
5.3 ESCAP Criteria
49(1)
5.4 CEDEX (Spain) Criteria
50(1)
5.5 Indications of Po River Catchment Authority (Italy)
51(1)
5.6 FEMA (USA) Criteria
52(2)
5.7 Comparison of Different Approaches
54(3)
References
56(1)
6 Hydrodynamic Criteria for Impact Evaluation
57(12)
6.1 Introduction
57(1)
6.2 Hydrodynamic Thresholds
57(3)
6.3 Implementation of Hydrodynamic Thresholds
60(9)
6.3.1 Reference Values
60(1)
6.3.2 Implementation Methods
61(1)
6.3.3 Hydrodynamic Threshold Water Depth-Slope
62(2)
6.3.4 Use of Hydrodynamic Thresholds on the Basis of the Tolerance of the Results of Hydraulic Studies
64(4)
References
68(1)
7 Flood Proofing Methods
69(40)
7.1 Overview
70(6)
7.1.1 Alternative Ways of Protecting Urbanized Lands from Floods
71(1)
7.1.2 Flood Proofing Role
72(2)
7.1.3 Flood Proofing Options and Disciplinary Relations
74(2)
7.2 First Level Classification (Strategic Planning)
76(18)
7.2.1 Permanent Techniques
77(14)
7.2.2 Temporary Techniques
91(2)
7.2.3 Small Permanent Techniques
93(1)
7.3 Design and Assessment Principles: Introduction
94(5)
7.4 Temporary Flood Proofing as an Emerging Strategy for Adaptation and Regional Resilience
99(4)
7.4.1 Defending the Value of Property Investment
102(1)
7.5 Insurance Discount, Premium Reduction and Tax Handle
103(6)
References
106(3)
8 Temporary Flood Proofing Techniques Planning
109(32)
8.1 Approach to Arrangement and Activation
109(2)
8.2 Decision Factors: The SENSO Model
111(2)
8.3 Temporary Flood Proofing Response Planning
113(2)
8.4 Defence Lines
115(9)
8.4.1 Positioning
115(3)
8.4.2 Water Reaction Assessment and Connected New Flood Prone Areas
118(2)
8.4.3 Deployment
120(4)
8.4.4 Comprehensive Logical Scheme for the Use of Temporary Flood Proofing
124(1)
8.5 A Notable Requirement Case: Pisa (Italy)---Or Where, Probably, the Modern Temporary Flood Proofing Was Started
124(7)
8.6 Effectiveness Analysis: A Path Towards Better Design Procedures
131(10)
References
140(1)
9 Temporary Flood Proofing Devices Analysis
141(84)
9.1 Recapitulating
141(2)
9.2 Description of Temporary Flood Proofing Proposed Classes
143(79)
9.2.1 C.R.1 (Floodwalls Removable Group 1): Stacking of Individual Base Units Filled with Solid Materials Acting by Gravity
143(13)
9.2.2 C.R.2 (Floodwalls Removable Group 2): Supportive/Juxtaposed Use of Fluid Containers
156(11)
9.2.3 C.R.3 (Floodwalls Removable Group 3): Self-Deploying or Self-Supporting Mobile Barriers
167(8)
9.2.4 C.R.4 (Floodwalls Removable Group 2): Emergency Dikes and/or Berms of Loose/Free Solid Material
175(6)
9.2.5 C.P.1 (Floodwalls Pre-arranged/Pre-located Group 1): Temporary Barriers/Shields with Especially Crafted Anchoring (Temporary Waterwalls)
181(8)
9.2.6 C.D.1 (Floodwalls Demountable Group 1): Fixed Retractable Barriers
189(7)
9.2.7 D.R.1 (Dry Flood Proofing Removable Group 1): Full Dry Flood Proofing of Buildings
196(6)
9.2.8 D.P.1 (Dry Flood Proofing Pre-arranged/Pre-located Group 1): Selective Dry Flood Proofing with Customised Watertight Protection
202(7)
9.2.9 D.D.1 (Dry Flood Proofing Demountable Group 1): Selective Dry Flood Proofing with Demountable Watertight Protections
209(3)
9.2.10 D.R.2 (Dry Flood Proofing Removable Group 2): Complementary Dry Flood Proofing of Buildings by Means of Removable Universal Apparatus
212(6)
9.2.11 C/D.1 (Floodwalls and Dry Flood Proofing Temporary Complements Group 1): Mixed Solutions and Special Cases
218(1)
9.2.12 E.R.1 (Wet Flood Proofing Temporary Complements Group 1): Hydro-repellent Sacs or Similar Protections Systems for Indoor Movable Goods
219(2)
9.2.13 G.R.1 (Ground Lowering/Levelling of Free Land Temporary Complements Group 1): Water Diversion Temporary Activated Pipes or Bridges
221(1)
9.3 Emergency Flood Proofing Techniques as `Transitional Solutions' to Support Adaptation Policies Towards Urban Redevelopment and Building Restoration
222(3)
References
223(1)
Websites
224(1)
10 Tests, Guidelines and Norms
225(41)
10.1 Overview
225(1)
10.2 Single Building Defence (Inner Line of Defence)
225(15)
10.2.1 USA Approaches
225(4)
10.2.2 Australian Guidelines
229(5)
10.2.3 European Guidelines
234(6)
10.3 Areal Defence
240(19)
10.3.1 FM Approval Standard
240(3)
10.3.2 SMARTeST Project, Flood Resilience Technologies
243(9)
10.3.3 Performance Evaluation About Protection Devices According to CSTB
252(5)
10.3.4 DEFRA/Environment Agency
257(2)
10.3.5 Temporary Defences According to VKF
259(1)
10.4 Other Documents
259(7)
10.4.1 Emergency Preparedness Canada
259(3)
10.4.2 APFM Global Programme
262(1)
10.4.3 ASTM International
263(1)
10.4.4 Guidelines for Tokyo Underground Structures
263(3)
References
266(1)
World Wide Web 266(1)
Other References 267
Environmental and Land Planning Engineer and Ph.D., Daniele F. Bignami (National Scientific Qualification as Associate Professor, sector Urban and landscape planning and design) is at present in charge of the course Land planning for risk management of the MS of Architecture of the built environment at Politecnico di Milano, where he carried out teaching since 2006 in the field of Disaster Risk Reduction. Meanwhile he collaborated with the Italian Government - Civil Protection Department, and also with the Institute for an Industrial Safety Culture of Toulouse (France). Author of 3 books (and editor of 4 more) and author of more than 40 papers, mainly in the field of disaster management, built environment and urban issues, in 2005 he was hired by Politecnico of Milan Foundation as Research Project Manager, where he currently works, having gained experience from more than 40 projects achieved.



Renzo Rosso is a professor of Hydrology and Water Engineering at Politecnico di Milano, Italy since 1986. He received the Borland Award for Hydrology in 2005, and the Henry Darcy Medal by the European Geosciences Union in 2010.  He carried out research, graduate and post-graduate teaching, and project management at the National Research Council of Italy, the Universities of Genoa, Florence and Parma, the Imperial College of Science and Technology, and Colorado State University. Author of 8 research books, 3 college texts, 3 essays, one novel and about 400 papers (more than 100 in SCI journals) in the fields of hydrology, water resources, river engineering, climate and glaciology, fluvial geomorphology, reliability analysis, stochastic processes, nonlinear dynamics and fractals.





Civil Engineer and Ph.D in Hydraulic Engineering, Umberto Sanfilippo is full time Researcher at Politecnico di Milano since 2002. Currently he is in charge of the course of Hydraulic Structures of the Civil and Environmental Engineering first level graduation. He is also Head of the Flowmeters Calibration Service at the Laboratorio di Idraulica "G.Fantoli" of Politecnico di Milano. He is author and co-author of about 90 papers, most of them on urban drainage. He is also co-author of a book on real time control of urban drainage systems and a book on pumps and pumping stations. He has also worked on four EU research projects and eleven Italian national and regional research projects.
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