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E-raamat: Fluid-Structure Interactions: Cross-Flow-Induced Instabilities

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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-Dec-2010
  • Kirjastus: Cambridge University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780511855399
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Fluid-Structure Interactions: Cross-Flow-Induced InstabilitiesSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-Dec-2010
  • Kirjastus: Cambridge University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780511855399
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"Structures in contact with fluid flow, whether natural or man-made, are inevitably subject to flow-induced forces and flow-induced vibration: from plant leaves to traffic signs and to more substantial structures, such as bridge decks and heat exchanger tubes. Under certain conditions the vibration may be self-excited, and it is usually referred to as an instability. These instabilities and, more specifically, the conditions under which they arise are of great importance to designers and operators of thesystems concerned because of the significant potential to cause damage in the short term. Such flow-induced instabilities are the subject of this book. In particular, the flow-induced instabilities treated in this book are associated with cross-flow, that is, flow normal to the long axis of the structure. The book treats a specific set of problems that are fundamentally and technologically important: galloping, vortex-shedding oscillations under lock-in conditions, and rain-and-wind-induced vibrations, among others. The emphasis throughout is on providing a physical description of the phenomena that is as clear and up-to-date as possible"--Provided by publisher.

Provided by publisher.

Arvustused

' for those with a serious interest in fluid-structure interactions. The individual chapters, written by acknowledged experts in FSI, stand alone so a reader interested in one particular aspect can immediately go to that topic. The book is a welcome addition to those specialising in flow-induced vibration and will be of lasting value.' Journal of Fluids and Structures ' this reviewer would like to strongly recommend that students, engineers and young researchers interested in bluff-body fluid dynamics, get this book by their side. They will learn a lot.' Masaru Matsumoto, Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

Muu info

For engineers, applied scientists and students working in flow-induced instability and vibration in wind and ocean engineering and the power industry.
Preface ix
1 Introduction
1(14)
1.1 General Overview
1(2)
1.2 Concepts and Mechanisms
3(10)
1.2.1 Self-excited oscillations and instabilities
4(4)
1.2.2 Argand diagrams and bifurcations
8(4)
1.2.3 Energy considerations
12(1)
1.3 Notation
13(1)
1.4 Contents of the Book
14(1)
2 Prisms in Cross-Flow - Galloping
15(90)
2.1 Introductory Comments
15(4)
2.2 The Mechanism of Galloping
19(11)
2.2.1 The linear threshold of galloping
20(4)
2.2.2 Nonlinear aspects
24(6)
2.3 Further Work on Translational Galloping
30(20)
2.3.1 The effect of sectional shape
30(8)
2.3.2 Novak's "universal response curve" and continuous structures
38(5)
2.3.3 Unsteady effects and analytical models
43(2)
2.3.4 Some comments on the flow field
45(4)
2.3.5 Shear-layer reattachment
49(1)
2.4 Low-Speed Galloping
50(5)
2.5 Prisms and Cylinders with a Splitter Plate
55(7)
2.6 Wake Breathing and Streamwise Oscillation
62(4)
2.6.1 Wake breathing of the first type
62(2)
2.6.2 Wake breathing of the second type
64(2)
2.7 Torsional Galloping
66(11)
2.7.1 General comments
66(1)
2.7.2 Linear quasi-steady analysis
67(3)
2.7.3 Nonlinear quasi-steady analysis
70(2)
2.7.4 Disqualification of quasi-steady theory
72(3)
2.7.5 Unsteady theory
75(2)
2.8 Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Galloping
77(4)
2.8.1 Quasi-steady models
77(4)
2.8.2 Unsteady models
81(1)
2.9 Turbulence and Shear Effects
81(5)
2.10 Conjoint Galloping and Vortex Shedding
86(4)
2.11 Elongated and Bridge-Deck Sections
90(12)
2.12 Concluding Remarks
102(3)
3 Vortex-Induced Vibrations
105(50)
3.1 Elementary Case
105(3)
3.2 Two-Dimensional VIV Phenomenology
108(16)
3.2.1 Bluff-body wake instability
110(2)
3.2.2 Wake instability of a fixed cylinder
112(3)
3.2.3 Wake of a cylinder forced to move
115(5)
3.2.4 Cylinder free to move
120(4)
3.3 Modelling Vortex-Induced Vibrations
124(15)
3.3.1 A classification of models
124(3)
3.3.2 Type A: Forced system models
127(2)
3.3.3 Type B: Fluidelastic system models
129(3)
3.3.4 Type C: Coupled system models
132(7)
3.4 Advanced Aspects
139(16)
3.4.1 The issue of added mass
139(7)
3.4.2 From sectional to three-dimensional VIV
146(3)
3.4.3 VIV of noncircular cross-sections
149(4)
3.4.4 Summary and concluding remarks
153(2)
4 Wake-Induced Instabilities of Pairs and Small Groups of Cylinders
155(60)
4.1 The Mechanisms
155(5)
4.1.1 Modified quasi-steady theory
156(1)
4.1.2 The damping-controlled mechanism
157(1)
4.1.3 The wake-flutter mechanism
158(2)
4.2 Wake-Induced Flutter of Transmission Lines
160(35)
4.2.1 Analysis for a fixed windward conductor
162(21)
4.2.2 Analysis for a moving windward conductor
183(9)
4.2.3 Three-dimensional effects and application to real transmission lines
192(3)
4.3 Fluidelastic Instability of Offshore Risers
195(20)
4.3.1 Experimental evidence for the existence of fluidelastic instability in riser bundles
196(4)
4.3.2 Analytical models
200(15)
5 Fluidelastic Instabilities in Cylinder Arrays
215(76)
5.1 Description, Background, Repercussions
215(5)
5.2 The Mechanisms
220(12)
5.2.1 The damping-controlled one-degree-of-freedom mechanism
220(3)
5.2.2 Static divergence instability
223(1)
5.2.3 The stiffness-controlled wake-flutter mechanism
224(3)
5.2.4 Dependence of the wake-flutter mechanism on mechanical damping
227(2)
5.2.5 Wake-flutter stability boundaries for cylinder rows
229(1)
5.2.6 Concluding remarks
230(2)
5.3 Fluidelastic Instability Models
232(42)
5.3.1 Jet-switch model
232(3)
5.3.2 Quasi-static models
235(4)
5.3.3 Unsteady models
239(10)
5.3.4 Semi-analytical models
249(5)
5.3.5 Quasi-steady models
254(7)
5.3.6 Computational fluid-dynamic models
261(4)
5.3.7 Nonlinear models
265(5)
5.3.8 Nonuniform flow
270(4)
5.4 Comparison of the Models
274(17)
5.4.1 Experimental support for and against Connors' equation
275(2)
5.4.2 Comparison of theoretical models with experimental data
277(10)
5.4.3 State of the art
287(4)
6 Ovalling Instabilities of Shells in Cross-Flow
291(54)
6.1 A Historical Perspective
291(2)
6.2 The Vortex-Shedding Hypothesis
293(3)
6.3 Ovalling with No Periodic Vortex Shedding
296(8)
6.3.1 Paidoussis and Helleur's 1979 experiments
296(6)
6.3.2 In search of a new cause
302(2)
6.4 Further Evidence Contradicting Vortex-Shedding Hypothesis
304(7)
6.4.1 Further experiments with cantilevered shells
304(3)
6.4.2 Experiments with clamped-clamped shells
307(4)
6.5 Counterattack by the Vortex-Shedding Proponents and Rebuttal
311(3)
6.5.1 The "peak of resonance" argument
311(1)
6.5.2 Have splitter plates been ineffectual?
312(1)
6.5.3 Denouement
313(1)
6.6 Simple Aeroelastic-Flutter Model
314(8)
6.6.1 Equations of motion and boundary conditions
315(2)
6.6.2 Solution of the equations
317(2)
6.6.3 Theoretical results and comparison with experiment
319(3)
6.7 A Three-Dimensional Flutter Model
322(12)
6.7.1 The model and methods of solution
323(4)
6.7.2 Theoretical results
327(2)
6.7.3 Comparison with experiment
329(2)
6.7.4 Improvements to the theory
331(3)
6.8 An Energy-Transfer Analysis
334(4)
6.9 Another Variant of the Aeroelastic-Flutter Model
338(6)
6.9.1 The flutter model
338(2)
6.9.2 Typical results
340(2)
6.9.3 An empirical relationship for Uthr
342(2)
6.10 Concluding Remarks
344(1)
7 Rain-and-Wind-Induced Vibrations
345(12)
7.1 Experimental Evidence
345(3)
7.1.1 Field cases
345(1)
7.1.2 Wind-tunnel experiments
346(2)
7.2 Modelling Rainwater Rivulets
348(3)
7.2.1 Development of rivulets
348(1)
7.2.2 Tearing of rivulets
349(2)
7.3 VIV, Galloping and Drag Crisis
351(3)
7.4 Yamaguchi's Model: A Cylinder-Rivulet-Coupled Instability
354(1)
7.5 Concluding Remarks
355(2)
Epilogue 357(2)
Appendix A The Multiple Scales Method 359(2)
Appendix B Measurement of Modal Damping for the Shells Used in Ovalling Experiments 361(4)
References 365(32)
Index 397
Michael Païdoussis is Professor Emeritus of Mechanical Engineering at McGill University. He is a Fellow of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering (CSME), the Institution of Mechanical Engineers (IME), the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) and the American Academy of Mechanics (AAM). Professor Paidoussis is the founding editor of the Journal of Fluids and Structures. His principal research interests are in fluid-structure interactions, flow-induced vibrations, aero- and hydroelasticity, dynamics, nonlinear dynamics and chaos. Stuart Price is Professor Emeritus of Mechanical Engineering at McGill University. His research is focused on the dynamics and stability of structures exposed to a fluid flow. The topics studies are inspired by, and often directly related to, real engineering problems - for example, heat exchangers, offshore structures, overhead transmission lines and aircraft structures. Emmanuel de Langre is a Professor of Mechanics in École Polytechnique. He is an Associate Editor of the Journal of Fluids and Structures. He has worked as an engineer in the French nuclear industry. His principal research interests are in fluid-structure interactions and vibrations of engineering systems, such as heat exchangers and underwater offshore risers but also of natural systems such as crops and trees moving under wind load.
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