List of Contributors |
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xv | |
1 CereaL/Grain By-products |
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1 | (34) |
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Norma Julieta Salazar-Lopez |
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J. Abraham Dominguez-Avila |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Global Production of Cereals and Crop Residues |
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2 | (3) |
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1.3 Cereal Processing and Production of By-products |
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5 | (4) |
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1.3.1 Cereals Morphology and Composition |
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5 | (1) |
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1.3.2 Cereal Grains Processing |
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6 | (5) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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1.4 Cereal Grains By-products |
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9 | (2) |
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1.5 Nutraceutical from Cereal/Grain By-products |
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11 | (7) |
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1.5.1 Classification of Nutraceutical Ingredients in Cereal By-products |
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12 | (6) |
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12 | (4) |
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16 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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1.5.1.5 Lipids and Fatty Acids |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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1.6 Health Potential of Cereal/Grain By-products |
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18 | (7) |
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1.6.1 Non-Communicable Diseases |
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18 | (56) |
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1.6.1.1 Dyslipidemia and Cardiovascular Effect |
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18 | (4) |
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22 | (1) |
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1.6.1.3 Anticancer Effect |
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23 | (2) |
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1.7 Current and Future Perspectives |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (9) |
2 Enrichment and Utilization of Thin Stillage By-products |
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35 | (24) |
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35 | (2) |
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2.2 Endemic Bacteria in Wheat-Based Thin Stillage |
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37 | (2) |
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2.3 Protein and Organic Solute Concentration in Thin Stillage |
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39 | (4) |
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43 | (3) |
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2.5 Separation and Purification of Bacteriocins |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (11) |
3 Pulse By-products |
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59 | (34) |
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59 | (3) |
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62 | (6) |
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3.3 Pea (Pisum sativum) By-products |
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68 | (3) |
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3.4 Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) and Lentil (Lens culinaris) By-products |
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71 | (1) |
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3.5 Lupin (Lupinus) By-products |
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72 | (2) |
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3.6 Other Pulse By-products |
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74 | (4) |
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3.6.1 Pigeon Pea (Cajanus cajan L.) |
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74 | (1) |
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3.6.2 Broad Beans (Vicia faba) |
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75 | (3) |
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78 | (8) |
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86 | (7) |
4 Aquafaba, from Food Waste to a Value-Added Product |
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93 | (34) |
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93 | (1) |
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4.2 Plant-based Dairy and Eggs Replacement |
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94 | (1) |
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4.3 History of Use and Etymology |
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95 | (1) |
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4.4 Composition of Chickpea and Aquafaba |
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96 | (2) |
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4.5 Anti-nutritional Compounds |
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98 | (3) |
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4.5.1 Protein Anti-nutritional Compounds |
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100 | (1) |
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4.5.2 Nonprotein Anti-nutritional Compounds |
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100 | (1) |
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4.6 Functional Properties |
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101 | (7) |
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4.6.1 Water Holding Capacity and Oil Holding Capacity |
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102 | (1) |
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4.6.2 Emulsion Stabilizer |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (3) |
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4.6.4 Gelling and Thickening Properties |
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107 | (1) |
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4.7 Factors Affecting Functional Properties |
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108 | (4) |
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4.7.1 Effect of Cultivars and Genotypes |
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108 | (2) |
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4.7.2 Effect of Processing Methods |
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110 | (2) |
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112 | (1) |
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4.9 Value-added Products for the Food and Pharmaceutical Industries |
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113 | (2) |
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4.10 Current and Future Perspectives |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (1) |
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116 | (11) |
5 Brazilian (North and Northeast) Fruit By-Products |
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127 | (32) |
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Larissa Morals Ribeiro DA Silva |
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Paulo Henrique Machado de Sousa |
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Luiz Bruno de Sousa Sabina |
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Lucicleia Barros Vasconcelos Torres |
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Raimundo Wilane de Figueiredo |
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Nagila Maria Pontes Silva Ricardo |
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127 | (4) |
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131 | (1) |
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5.3 Types of Waste Processing |
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131 | (1) |
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132 | (9) |
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133 | (1) |
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134 | (2) |
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5.4.3 Antioxidant Activity in Fruit Coproducts |
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136 | (5) |
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5.4.4 Phytosterols in Fruit Coproducts |
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141 | (1) |
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5.5 Brazilian Fruit By-products from the North and Northeast as a Source of Colorants |
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141 | (3) |
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5.6 Brazilian North and Northeast Fruit By-products as Source of Polysaccharides |
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144 | (1) |
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5.7 Brazilian North and Northeast Fruit By-products as Source of Fibers |
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145 | (4) |
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149 | (1) |
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149 | (10) |
6 Health Benefits of Mango By-products |
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159 | (34) |
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Francisco J. Olivas-Aguirre |
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J. Abraham Dominguez-Avila |
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Gustavo A. Gonzalez-Aguilar |
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159 | (2) |
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6.2 Mango Agro wastes and Industrial By-products |
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161 | (4) |
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6.2.1 Impacts of Generating Mango Wastes and By-products |
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162 | (2) |
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163 | (1) |
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6.2.1.2 Environmental Impact |
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163 | (1) |
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6.2.2 Research and Development (R&D) |
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164 | (1) |
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6.3 Nutritional and Functional Value of Mango Wastes and By-products |
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165 | (6) |
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6.3.1 Nutritional and Functional Value of Mango Wastes and By-products |
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165 | (5) |
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6.3.1.1 Macro/Micronutrients |
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165 | (1) |
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166 | (2) |
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6.3.1.3 Phenolic Compounds |
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168 | (2) |
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6.3.2 Metabolic Fate of Phytochemicals from Mango By-products |
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170 | (1) |
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6.4 Potential Health Benefits of Mango Wastes and By-products |
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171 | (11) |
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6.4.1 Infectious Diseases |
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171 | (5) |
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6.4.1.1 Antibiotic Effect: Planktonic Cells |
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172 | (2) |
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6.4.1.2 Antibiotic Effect: Biofilms |
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174 | (2) |
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6.4.1.3 Prebiotic Effects |
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176 | (1) |
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6.4.2 Noncommunicable Chronic Diseases (NCCDs) |
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176 | (18) |
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177 | (1) |
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6.4.2.2 Diabetes Mellitus |
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177 | (2) |
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6.4.2.3 Cardiovascular Diseases (CVDs) |
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179 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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6.4.2.5 Inflammatory Diseases |
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181 | (1) |
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6.4.2.6 Neurological Diseases |
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182 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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183 | (10) |
7 Citrus Waste Recovery for Sustainable Nutrition and Health |
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193 | (30) |
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Adriana Maite Fernandez-Fernandez |
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Alejandra Medrano-Fernandez |
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Maria Dolores Del Castillo |
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193 | (1) |
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7.2 Citrus By-products: Natural Sources of Health-Promoting Food Ingredients |
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194 | (6) |
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196 | (2) |
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7.2.2 Antioxidant dietary fiber |
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198 | (2) |
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7.3 Health-Promoting Effects |
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200 | (8) |
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208 | (2) |
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210 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (12) |
8 Vegetable By-products |
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223 | (44) |
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L. Gabriela Espinosa-Alonso |
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Xochitl Aparicio- Fernandez |
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223 | (3) |
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8.2 Global and/or by Region Vegetable Food Production and Postharvest Waste |
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226 | (5) |
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227 | (2) |
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229 | (1) |
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8.2.3 Broccoli and Cauliflower |
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229 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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8.3 Global and/or Regional Vegetable Industrialization and By-Product Generation |
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231 | (5) |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (3) |
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8.3.3 Broccoli and Cauliflower |
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235 | (1) |
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8.4 Nutraceutical Composition |
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236 | (6) |
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236 | (1) |
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237 | (1) |
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8.4.3 Broccoli and Cauliflower |
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238 | (1) |
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239 | (2) |
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241 | (1) |
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8.5 Proven Nutraceutical In Vitro and In Vivo Bioactivity |
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242 | (9) |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (2) |
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8.5.3 Broccoli and Cauliflower |
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245 | (1) |
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245 | (2) |
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245 | (1) |
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246 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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247 | (6) |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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8.6 Methods and Strategies Used by the Food Sector and Other Industries |
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251 | (2) |
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8.7 Commercialization or Transformation in Value-Added Products |
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253 | (3) |
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253 | (1) |
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254 | (1) |
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8.7.3 Broccoli and Cauliflower |
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255 | (1) |
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256 | (1) |
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256 | (1) |
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256 | (11) |
9 Flaxseed By-products |
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267 | (24) |
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267 | (2) |
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269 | (7) |
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269 | (3) |
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272 | (1) |
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273 | (2) |
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9.2.4 Product Application |
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275 | (1) |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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9.5 Current Trends and Perspectives |
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278 | (5) |
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283 | (1) |
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283 | (8) |
10 Seed Hull Utilization |
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291 | (36) |
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291 | (1) |
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10.2 Seed Hull Production |
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292 | (2) |
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10.3 Seed Hull Composition |
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294 | (10) |
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10.3.1 Dietary Fiber (DF) |
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295 | (2) |
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297 | (6) |
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10.3.3 Protein and Other Minor Components |
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303 | (1) |
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10.4 Dehulling Technology |
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304 | (4) |
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304 | (1) |
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10.4.2 Dehulling Technology |
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305 | (3) |
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10.5 Recovery of Compounds from Seed Hull |
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308 | (8) |
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10.5.1 Traditional Solvent Extraction |
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309 | (1) |
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10.5.2 Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction |
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310 | (2) |
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10.5.3 Microwave-Assisted Extraction |
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312 | (1) |
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10.5.4 Supercritical Fluid Extraction |
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313 | (1) |
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10.5.5 Membrane Separation |
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314 | (2) |
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10.5.6 Seed Hull in Value-Added Food Products |
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316 | (1) |
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10.6 Prospects and Challenges |
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316 | (1) |
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317 | (10) |
11 Health Benefits of Spent Coffee Grounds |
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327 | (26) |
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Norma Julieta Salazar-Lopez |
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Carlos Vladimir Lopez-Rodriguez |
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Diego Antonio Hernandez-Montoya |
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327 | (1) |
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11.2 Coffea Arabica L. Generalities |
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328 | (1) |
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11.3 Coffee Processing and By-products |
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329 | (2) |
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330 | (1) |
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330 | (1) |
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331 | (1) |
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11.3.4 Spent Coffee Grounds |
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331 | (1) |
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11.4 Physicochemical Characteristics in SCG |
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331 | (2) |
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11.5 Nutritional Properties of SCG |
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333 | (5) |
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334 | (2) |
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336 | (1) |
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336 | (1) |
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337 | (1) |
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337 | (1) |
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11.6 Nutraceuticals in SCG |
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338 | (3) |
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339 | (1) |
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339 | (1) |
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11.6.3 Antioxidant Compounds |
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340 | (1) |
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11.6.4 Antioxidant Dietary Fiber |
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341 | (1) |
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11.7 Health Benefits of Spent Coffee Grounds |
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341 | (7) |
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11.7.1 Weight Management and Obesity |
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342 | (2) |
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11.7.2 Cardiovascular Diseases |
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344 | (1) |
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11.7.3 Gastrointestinal Diseases |
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345 | (1) |
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346 | (2) |
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348 | (5) |
12 Health Benefits of Silverskin |
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353 | (20) |
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Maria Dolores Del Castillo |
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353 | (5) |
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12.2 Improvement of Gastrointestinal Health |
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358 | (1) |
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12.3 Prevention of Metabolic Disorders |
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359 | (4) |
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12.3.1 Obesity and Dyslipemia |
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360 | (2) |
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362 | (1) |
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12.4 Improvement of Skin Health |
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363 | (3) |
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366 | (1) |
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366 | (1) |
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367 | (6) |
13 Cocoa By-products |
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373 | (40) |
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Karen Haydee Nieto Figueroa |
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Nancy Viridiana Mendoza Garcia |
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373 | (3) |
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376 | (10) |
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13.2.1 Chemical Composition |
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376 | (1) |
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13.2.2 Nutraceutical Composition |
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377 | (4) |
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377 | (1) |
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13.2.2.2 Phenolic Compounds |
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378 | (1) |
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379 | (1) |
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380 | (1) |
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381 | (5) |
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381 | (1) |
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382 | (1) |
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382 | (1) |
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382 | (1) |
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383 | (1) |
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383 | (1) |
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383 | (1) |
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13.2.3.8 Cocoa Hulls Polyphenols as a Functional Ingredient for Bakery Applications |
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383 | (1) |
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13.2.3.9 Bio-Recyclable Paper Packaging |
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384 | (1) |
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13.2.3.10 Cocoa Shell Extracts |
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384 | (2) |
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386 | (10) |
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13.3.1 Chemical Composition |
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387 | (1) |
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387 | (1) |
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13.3.3 Nutraceutical Composition |
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388 | (5) |
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388 | (2) |
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390 | (1) |
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391 | (1) |
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392 | (1) |
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393 | (3) |
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393 | (1) |
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394 | (1) |
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13.3.4.3 Activated Carbon |
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394 | (1) |
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13.3.4.4 Fertilizer and Soil Organic Matter |
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394 | (1) |
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395 | (1) |
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13.3.4.6 Biofuels and Chemical Industry |
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395 | (1) |
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396 | (1) |
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13.3.4.8 Source of Enzymes |
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396 | (1) |
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13.4 Cocoa Mucilage/Pulp/Sweating |
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396 | (6) |
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13.4.1 Chemical Composition |
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397 | (1) |
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13.4.2 Nutraceutical Composition |
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398 | (1) |
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398 | (1) |
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13.4.2.2 Phenolic Content |
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398 | (1) |
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399 | (3) |
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399 | (1) |
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13.4.3.2 Cocoa Alcoholic Products |
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399 | (1) |
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400 | (1) |
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400 | (1) |
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401 | (1) |
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401 | (1) |
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13.5 Technological Properties of Cocoa By-products |
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402 | (1) |
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13.5.1 Water (WHC)- and Oil (OHC)-Holding and Swelling Capacities (SWC) |
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402 | (1) |
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402 | (1) |
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403 | (10) |
14 Emerging and Potential Bio-Applications of Agro-Industrial By-products Through Implementation of Nanobiotechnology |
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413 | |
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Hayde Azeneth Vergara-Castaneda |
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413 | (1) |
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14.2 Green Synthesis of Metallic Nanoparticles Mediated by Agro-Industrial Wastes |
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414 | (11) |
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14.2.1 Gold Nanoparticles |
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417 | (2) |
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14.2.2 Silver Nanoparticles |
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419 | (3) |
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422 | (3) |
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14.3 Agro-Industrial Wastes as Platforms for Biofunctional Nanocomposite Production |
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425 | (6) |
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14.4 Nano-Drug Delivery Systems for Encapsulation, Protection, and Controlled Release of Bioactive Agents Extracted from Agro-Industrial Wastes |
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431 | (4) |
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435 | (1) |
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436 | (9) |
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445 | |