| Preface |
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vii | |
| Authors |
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ix | |
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1 | (4) |
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1.1 What is Spray Drying? |
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1 | (2) |
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1.2 Chronological Development of the Process and Its Milestones |
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3 | (1) |
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1.3 Motivation and Layout of the Book |
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4 | (1) |
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Chapter 2 Droplet Drying Fundamentals |
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5 | (24) |
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2.1 The Formation of Individual Particles during Spray Drying |
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5 | (11) |
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2.1.1 The Drying Kinetics of Droplets during Spray Drying |
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7 | (9) |
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2.2 The Reaction Engineering Approach (RFA) for Modeling Droplet Drying Behavior |
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16 | (4) |
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2.2.1 Theoretical Framework |
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16 | (4) |
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2.2.2 Application of the REA to Describe Droplet Drying Kinetics |
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20 | (1) |
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2.3 Characteristic Drying Curve Models |
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20 | (3) |
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2.3.1 Theoretical Framework |
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20 | (1) |
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2.3.2 How to Obtain the Parameter N from Experiments |
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21 | (2) |
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2.3.3 Compilation of Falling Rate Curves |
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23 | (1) |
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2.4 Prediction of Surface Component Composition, Migration, and Packing |
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23 | (6) |
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2.4.1 The Need for a Multiscalc Model for Surface Composition Prediction |
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23 | (2) |
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2.4.2 Key Ideas and Calculation Procedure |
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25 | (2) |
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2.4.3 The Capabilities and Limitations of the Method |
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27 | (2) |
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Chapter 3 Spray Dryer Designs Including Multistage |
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29 | (6) |
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3.1 Co-Current versus Counter-Current |
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29 | (2) |
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3.2 Multistage Drying Process and Fines Return |
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31 | (2) |
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33 | (2) |
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3.3.1 Selection and Balance between Viscosity and Concentration |
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33 | (1) |
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3.3.2 What Is the Initial Droplet Size Distribution? |
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34 | (1) |
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Chapter 4 Mass and Energy Aspects of Spray Drying |
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35 | (28) |
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4.1 Zero Dimension Modeling of Spray Dryers |
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35 | (7) |
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4.1.1 Equilibrium Outlet Moisture-Based Model |
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35 | (1) |
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4.1.2 SD2PA® and the Slow Desorplion Approach by INRA |
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36 | (2) |
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4.1.3 Effective Rate Approach (ERA) |
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38 | (4) |
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4.2 One-Dimensional Models |
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42 | (6) |
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42 | (3) |
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4.2.2 Counter-Current Model |
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45 | (3) |
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4.3 Computational Fluid Dynamic Models of Spray Dryers |
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48 | (5) |
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4.3.1 Components of a CFD Model of Spray Dryers |
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48 | (1) |
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4.3.2 The Trouble with Transient Simulations |
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49 | (4) |
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4.4 Bridging the Gap between Spray Dryer Modeling and Operation |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (2) |
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4.5.1 Why Model Stickiness? |
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54 | (1) |
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4.5.2 Different Models and Their Comparison |
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54 | (2) |
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4.5.3 Measuring Stickiness Properties and Their Challenges |
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56 | (1) |
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4.6 Modeling Agglomeration |
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56 | (7) |
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4.6.1 Why Model Agglomeration? |
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56 | (1) |
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4.6.2 Rigorous Particulate Agglomeration Approach |
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57 | (1) |
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4.6.3 Equivalent Fused Particle Approach |
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58 | (2) |
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4.6.4 Agglomeration Mapping Approach |
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60 | (3) |
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Chapter 5 Monodisperse Droplet Spray Drying |
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63 | (10) |
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5.1 Why Is This Concept Important? |
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63 | (1) |
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5.2 Development of the Monodisperse Droplet Spray Dryer |
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63 | (7) |
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5.2.1 Experimental Development over the Years |
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63 | (3) |
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5.2.2 Recent Computational Developments |
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66 | (4) |
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5.3 Monodisperse Spray Drying Chamber and Operation Design |
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70 | (3) |
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5.3.1 Exploration of a Dryer with Swirling Flow |
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70 | (1) |
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5.3.2 Exploration of a Dryer with Moving Atomizer |
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71 | (1) |
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5.3.3 Scale-Up of Monodisperse Droplet Spray Dryer |
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72 | (1) |
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Chapter 6 Advanced Applications of Spray Drying |
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73 | (18) |
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6.1 Superheated Steam Spray Drying |
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73 | (5) |
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6.1.1 Improving the Wettability of Dairy Powder |
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73 | (2) |
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6.1.2 A Medium for In-Situ Crystallization Control |
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75 | (2) |
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6.1.3 Important Technical Considerations When Using Superheated Steam |
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77 | (1) |
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6.2 Controlling In-Situ Crystallization in Spray Dryers |
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78 | (6) |
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6.2.1 General Overview of In-Situ Crystallization |
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78 | (3) |
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6.2.2 Strategies for Materials That Are Slow to Crystallize |
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81 | (2) |
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6.2.3 Strategies for Materials That Are Fast to Crystallize |
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83 | (1) |
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6.3 Antisolvent Vapor Precipitation Spray Drying |
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84 | (7) |
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6.3.1 What Is This Concept About? |
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84 | (2) |
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6.3.2 Unique Early Findings and Applications |
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86 | (2) |
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6.3.3 Challenges and Latest Developments |
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88 | (3) |
| References |
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91 | (10) |
| Index |
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101 | |
Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta