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E-raamat: FRP Deck and Steel Girder Bridge Systems: Analysis and Design

(Washington State University, Pullman, USA), , (The City College of New York CUNY, USA)
  • Formaat: 351 pages
  • Sari: Composite Materials
  • Ilmumisaeg: 26-Mar-2013
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781439877623
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  • Formaat: 351 pages
  • Sari: Composite Materials
  • Ilmumisaeg: 26-Mar-2013
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781439877623
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Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) decks have been increasingly used for new construction and rehabilitation projects worldwide. The benefits of using FRP bridge decks, such as durability, light weight, high strength, reduced maintenance costs, and rapid installation, outweigh their initial in-place material costs when implemented in highway bridge projects. FRP Deck and Steel Girder Bridge Systems: Analysis and Design compiles the necessary information to facilitate the development of the standards and guidelines needed to promote further adoption of composite sandwich panels in construction. It also, for the first time, proposes a complete set of design guidelines.

Providing both experimental investigations and theoretical analyses, this book covers three complementary parts: FRP decks, shear connectors between the deck and steel girders, and the behavior of bridge systems. The text presents stiffness and strength evaluations for FRP deck panels and FRP deck-girder bridge systems. While the FRP deck studies focus on honeycomb FPR sandwich panels over steel girder bridge systems, they can be adapted to other sandwich configurations. Similarly, the shear connection and bridge system studies can be applied to other types of FRP decks. Chapters discuss skin effect, core configuration, facesheet laminates, out-of-plane compression and sheer, mechanical shear connectors, and FRP decksteel girder bridge systems.

Based on the findings described in the text, the authors propose design guidelines and present design examples to illustrate application of the guidelines. In the final chapter, they also provide a systematic analysis and design approach for single-span FRP deck-stringer bridges. This book presents new and improved theories and combines analytical models, numerical analyses, and experimental investigations to devise a practical analysis procedure, resulting in FRP deck design formulations.
Series Preface ix
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
About the Authors xv
1 Introduction 1(8)
1.1 Background
1(3)
1.2 Implementation of HFRP Sandwich Deck Panels in Highway Bridges
4(2)
1.3 Objectives
6(1)
1.4 Organization
6(1)
References
7(2)
2 FRP Deck: Stiffness Evaluation 9(92)
2.1 Stiffness of FRP Honeycomb Sandwich Panels with Sinusoidal Core
9(19)
2.1.1 Introduction
9(1)
2.1.2 Modeling of FRP Honeycomb Panels
10(10)
2.1.3 Behavior of FRP Honeycomb Beams
20(6)
2.1.4 Behavior of FRP Honeycomb Sandwich Panel
26(2)
2.1.5 Conclusions
28(1)
2.2 On the Transverse. Shear Stiffness of Composite Honeycomb Core with General Configuration
28(21)
2.2.1 Introduction
28(4)
2.2.2 Application of Homogenization Theory
32(3)
2.2.3 Derivation of Effective Transverse Shear Stiffness
35(9)
2.2.4 Verification Using Finite Element Analysis
44(2)
2.2.5 Summary and Discussions
46(3)
2.2.6 Conclusions
49(1)
2.3 Homogenized Elastic Properties of Honeycomb Sandwiches with Skin Effect
49(48)
2.3.1 Introduction
49(3)
2.3.2 Literature Review
52(2)
2.3.3 Formulation of Honeycomb Homogenization Problem
54(7)
2.3.4 Analytical Approach-Multipass Homogenization (MPH) Technique
61(26)
2.3.5 Periodic Unit Cell Finite Element Analysis
87(7)
2.3.6 Summary and Concluding Remarks
94(3)
References
97(4)
3 FRP Deck: Strength Evaluation 101(110)
3.1 Overview
101(1)
3.2 Literature Review
102(11)
3.2.1 Introduction
102(1)
3.2.2 Out-of-Plane Compression
102(3)
3.2.3 Out-of-Plane Shear
105(4)
3.2.4 Facesheet Study
109(4)
3.3 Out-of-Plane Compression
113(26)
3.3.1 Introduction
113(1)
3.3.2 Analytical Models
113(8)
3.3.3 Experimental Investigation
121(8)
3.3.4 FE Analysis
129(2)
3.3.5 Determination of the Coefficient of Elastic Restraint
131(3)
3.3.6 Comparisons of Test Results with Analytical and FE Predictions
134(1)
3.3.7 Parametric Study
134(2)
3.3.8 Design Equations
136(1)
3.3.9 Concluding Remarks
137(2)
3.4 Out-of-Plane Shear
139(34)
3.4.1 Introduction
139(1)
3.4.2 Analytical Model Including Skin Effect
139(15)
3.4.3 CER Effect on Shear Stiffness and Interfacial Shear Stress Distribution
154(1)
3.4.4 Shear Buckling
155(3)
3.4.5 Proposed Method to Predict Failure Load
158(1)
3.4.6 Experimental Investigation
159(7)
3.4.7 Correlations between Test Results and Prediction from Design Equations
166(5)
3.4.8 FE Simulation
171(2)
3.4.9 Conclusions
173(1)
3.5 Facesheet Study
173(25)
3.5.1 Introduction
173(1)
3.5.2 Progressive Failure Model
174(2)
3.5.3 Verification Study
176(3)
3.5.4 Parametric Study on Facesheet
179(3)
3.5.5 Experimental Investigation
182(9)
3.5.6 Correlation between FE and Experimental Results
191(5)
3.5.7 Discussions
196(1)
3.5.8 Conclusions
196(2)
Appendix 3.A: Strength Data of Core Materials
198(2)
Appendix 3.B: Derivation of Equilibrium Equation
200(2)
Appendix 3.C: Shear Test for Facesheet Laminates
202(4)
Appendix 3.D: Stiffness of Facesheet Laminates and Core Materials
206(1)
References
207(4)
4 Mechanical Shear Connector for FRP Decks 211(14)
4.1 Introduction
211(4)
4.2 Pro type Shear Connection
215(1)
4.3 Push-Out Test
216(7)
4.3.1 Specimen and Test Setup
216(1)
4.3.2 Test Procedures
217(1)
4.3.3 Test Results and Discussions
218(5)
4.4 Conclusions
223(1)
References
223(2)
5 FRP Deck-Steel Girder Bridge System 225(42)
5.1 Overview
225(1)
5.2 Experimental and FE Study on Scaled Bridge Model
226(25)
5.2.1 Introduction
226(1)
5.2.2 Test Plan
227(1)
5.2.3 Test Models
228(5)
5.2.4 Test Procedures
233(3)
5.2.5 Test Results
236(6)
5.2.6 Finite Element Model
242(2)
5.2.7 FE Analysis Results
244(1)
5.2.8 Conclusions
245(1)
5.2.9 Evaluation of FRP Panel Properties
246(5)
5.3 Evaluation of Effective Flange Width by Shear Lag Model
251(14)
5.3.1 Introduction
251(2)
5.3.2 Shear Lag Model
253(5)
5.3.3 Finite Element Study
258(3)
5.3.4 Comparison between Shear Lag Model and Empirical Functions
261(2)
5.3.5 Application of Shear Lag Model to FRP Deck
263(1)
5.3.6 Conclusions
264(1)
References
265(2)
6 Design Guidelines for FRP Deck-Steel Girder Bridge Systems 267(22)
6.1 Design Guidelines
267(7)
6.1.1 FRP Deck
267(5)
6.1.2 Shear Connector
272(1)
6.1.3 Bridge System
273(1)
6.2 Example
274(14)
6.2.1 FRP Deck
276(3)
6.2.2 Bridge System
279(9)
6.2.3 Discussions
288(1)
6.3 Conclusions
288(1)
References
288(1)
7 Systematic Analysis and Design Approach for Single-Span FRP Deck-Stringer Bridges 289(32)
7.1 Introduction
289(1)
7.2 Panel and Beam Analysis
290(4)
7.2.1 Panel Analysis by Micro/Macromechanics
291(2)
7.2.2 Beam Analysis by Mechanics of Laminated Beams
293(1)
7.3 FRP Cellular Decks: Elastic Equivalence
294(14)
7.3.1 Equivalent Stiffness for Cellular FRP Decks
294(4)
7.3.2 Verification of Deck Stiffness Equations by Finite Element Analysis
298(5)
7.3.3 Equivalent Orthotropic Material Properties
303(1)
7.3.4 Experimental and Numerical Verification of Equivalent Orthotropic Material Properties
304(4)
7.4 Analysis of FRP Deck-Stringer Bridge System
308(8)
7.4.1 First-Order Shear Deformation Theory for FRP Composite Deck
308(4)
7.4.2 Wheel Load Distribution Factors
312(1)
7.4.3 Design Guidelines
313(1)
7.4.4 Experimental Testing and Numerical Analysis of FRP Deck-Stringer Systems
314(2)
7.5 Design Analysis Procedures and Illustrative Example
316(2)
7.5.1 General Design Procedures
316(1)
7.5.2 Design Example
316(2)
7.6 Conclusions
318(1)
References
318(3)
Index 321
Dr. Julio F. Davalos is a professor and chair of the Department of Civil Engineering at the City College of New York CUNY. His expertise is in mechanics and structural engineering, and his research work includes theoretical and experimental studies on advanced materials and systems. His work is directed to civil infrastructure rehabilitation, protection, and sustainable construction, with particular emphasis on highway bridges, buildings, and mass transit tunnels. Dr. Davalos has been honored with over 60 academic/state/national awards for teaching, research, and innovative designs and concepts, and he holds several patent applications in materials and structures. His publications record, approximately 300 articles, includes several position papers and book chapters.

Dr. An Chen is an assistant professor of civil engineering at the University of Idaho. His research background is in sustainable structural engineering, covering advanced materials, interface bond and fracture mechanics, and applied mechanics. His research can be broadly categorized into two areas: (1) green buildings and (2) sustainable civil infrastructure. Dr. Chen has extensive industrial experience as a project manager in New York City, where he completed designs of numerous new and renovation projects for high-rise and middle-rise buildings. He has three pending patents and his publications record includes about 60 refereed journal and conference papers and project reports.

Dr. Pizhong Qiao is a professor of civil and environmental engineering at Washington State University, chair professor at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and founder of Integrated Smart Structures, Inc. (Copley, Ohio). He has been working in development, research, and application of advanced and high-performance materials in civil and aerospace engineering. His extensive publications record includes about 300 technical articles (several book chapters, 132 international journal articles, and more than 160 conference proceedings papers/presentations). He is one of the most highly cited scientists (about the top 1%) in the field of engineering according to Essential Science Indicators (ESI).