Human civilization has long relied on fire from biomass for energy. Burning, an oxidation reaction, liberates energy and continues until the material reaches its highest oxidation state. The evolution of energy sources, from forest fires to nuclear fuels, marks significant progress. Understanding fuel types and classifications is essential for students and educators. This book covers upstream and downstream processing of various fuelsbiomass, petroleum, coal, natural gas, nuclear fuels, hydrogen, and fuel cellsalong with combustion technology for energy extraction. It also addresses recent advances, emission concerns from energy industries, and stubble burning. The book explores how advanced formulations of coal, petroleum, and alternative fuels can be optimized for existing combustion systems, ensuring efficiency and compliance with EURO VI emission norms. This comprehensive guide aims to inform readers about fuel classification, energy production, and future research prospects.
Anil Kumar Sarma holds an MSc in Chemistry from Gauhati University, India, and an MTech and PhD in Energy from Tezpur University, India. With 21 years of experience in the energy sector, particularly in biofuel, bioenergy, and electrochemical energy, he has authored/co-authored six books and over 75 research articles. Currently, he is a Senior Scientist at Sardar Swaran Singh National Institute of Bioenergy, Punjab, India, focusing on catalysis, biofuels, and integrated biorefinery.Dr Uplabdhi Tyagi, an Assistant Professor at the University School of Chemical Technology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, India, has published over 26 peer-reviewed papers and contributed to 15 books. Her research centers on using lignocellulosic waste biomass in pharmaceuticals, food, cosmetics, and bio-processing industries, with interests in biomass engineering, waste management, catalysis, and process modeling.
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