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E-raamat: Functional Equations in Applied Sciences

(Universidad de Santander, Spain), (Universidad de Cantabrian, Santander, Spain), (Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain)
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The book provides the reader with the different types of functional equations that s/he can find in practice, showing, step by step, how they can be solved.
A general methodology for solving functional equations is provided in Chapter 2. The different types of functional equations are described and solved in Chapters 3 to 8. Many examples, coming from different fields, as geometry, science, engineering, economics, probability, statistics, etc, help the reader to change his/her mind in order to state problems as functional equations as an alternative to differential equations, and to state new problems in terms of functional equations or systems.
An interesting feature of the book is that it deals with functional networks, a powerful generalization of neural networks that allows solving many practical problems. The second part of the book, Chapters 9 to 13, is devoted to the applications of this important paradigm.
The book contains many examples and end of chapter exercises, that facilitates the understanding of the concepts and applications.

· A general methodology for solving functional equations is provided in Chapter 2.
· It deals with functional networks, a powerful generalization of neural networks.
· Many examples, coming from different fields, as geometry, science, engineering, economics, probability, statistics, etc, illustrate the concept of functional equation.
· Functional equations are presented as a powerful alternative to differential equations.
· The book contains end of chapter exercises.

The book provides the reader with the different types of functional equations that s/he can find in practice, showing, step by step, how they can be solved.
A general methodology for solving functional equations is provided in Chapter 2. The different types of functional equations are described and solved in Chapters 3 to 8. Many examples, coming from different fields, as geometry, science, engineering, economics, probability, statistics, etc, help the reader to change his/her mind in order to state problems as functional equations as an alternative to differential equations, and to state new problems in terms of functional equations or systems.
An interesting feature of the book is that it deals with functional networks, a powerful generalization of neural networks that allows solving many practical problems. The second part of the book, Chapters 9 to 13, is devoted to the applications of this important paradigm.
The book contains many examples and end of chapter exercises, that facilitates the understanding of the concepts and applications.

· A general methodology for solving functional equations is provided in Chapter 2.
· It deals with functional networks, a powerful generalization of neural networks.
· Many examples, coming from different fields, as geometry, science, engineering, economics, probability, statistics, etc, illustrate the concept of functional equation.
· Functional equations are presented as a powerful alternative to differential equations.
· The book contains end of chapter exercises.

Arvustused

"...the main strengths of this book are (a)its collection of solution methods for standard FE and (b)a substantial number of examples and applications that help make FE more accessible to people who are comfortable with standard methods of analysis (real, complex, differential equations, difference equations) but with little or no background in FE." --MATHEMATICAL REVIEWS

Muu info

The continuation of the Mathematics in Science and Engineering MISE, "red series" under the editorship of Prof. Charles Chui, Stanford, USA.
Preface xi
I Functional Equations
1(166)
Introduction and motivation
3(16)
Introduction
3(1)
Some examples of functional equations
4(5)
Basic concepts and definitions
9(10)
Exercises
16(3)
Some methods for solving functional equations
19(16)
Introduction
19(1)
Replacement of variables by given values
20(2)
Transforming one or several variables
22(1)
Transforming one or several functions
23(1)
Using a more general equation
24(1)
Treating some variables as constants
25(1)
Inductive methods
26(1)
Iterative methods
27(1)
Separation of variables
28(1)
Reduction by means of analytical techniques
28(1)
Mixed methods
29(6)
Exercises
32(3)
Equations for one function of one variable
35(22)
Introduction
35(1)
Homogeneous functions
35(3)
A general type of equation
38(1)
Cauchy's equations
39(5)
Jensen's equation
44(1)
Generalizations of Cauchy's equations
45(4)
D'Alembert's functional equation
49(1)
Linear difference equations
49(8)
Exercises
54(3)
Equations with several functions in one variable
57(16)
Introduction
57(1)
Pexider's equations
58(2)
The sum of products equation
60(3)
Other generalizations
63(10)
Exercises
70(3)
Equation for one function of several variables
73(18)
Introduction
73(1)
Generalized Cauchy and Jensen equations
73(6)
Other equations
79(2)
Application to iterative methods
81(2)
Some examples
83(8)
Exercises
89(2)
Equations with functions of several variables
91(20)
Introduction
91(1)
Generalized Pexider and Jensen equations
91(2)
Generalized Sincov equation
93(2)
A general equation
95(7)
The associativity equation
102(3)
The transitivity equation
105(2)
The bisymmetry equation
107(1)
The transformation equation
108(3)
Exercises
110(1)
Functional equations and differential equations
111(48)
Introduction
111(1)
A motivating example
112(1)
From functional to differential equations
113(18)
From difference to differential equations
131(4)
From differential to functional equations
135(11)
From functional to difference equations
146(5)
A new approach to physical and engineering problems
151(8)
Exercises
158(1)
Vector and matrix equations
159(8)
Introduction
159(1)
Cauchy's equation
159(2)
Pexider's equation
161(1)
Sincov's equation and generalizations
162(5)
Exercises
165(2)
II Applications of Functional Equations
167(207)
Functional Networks
169(64)
Introduction
169(2)
Motivating functional networks
171(3)
Elements of a functional networks
174(1)
Differences between neural and functional networks
175(2)
Working with functional networks
177(2)
Model selection in functional networks
179(3)
Some examples of the functional network methodology
182(24)
Some applications of functional networks
206(27)
Exercises
228(5)
Applications to Science and Engineering
233(32)
Introduction
233(1)
A motivating example
234(3)
Laws of science
237(5)
A statistical model for lifetime analysis
242(2)
Statistical models for fatigue life of longitudinal elements
244(10)
Differential, functional and difference equations
254(11)
Exercises
262(3)
Applications to Geometry and CAGD
265(56)
Introduction
265(1)
Fundamental formula for polyhedra
266(5)
Two interesting functions in computer graphics
271(7)
Geometric invariants given by functional equations
278(5)
Using functional equations for CAGD
283(21)
Application of functional networks to fitting surfaces
304(17)
Exercises
317(4)
Applications to Economics
321(30)
Introduction
321(1)
Price and quantity levels
322(2)
Price indices
324(3)
Interest rates
327(1)
Demand function. Price and advertising policies
328(5)
Duopoly Models
333(5)
Taxation functions
338(13)
Exercises
350(1)
Applications to Probability and Statistics
351(23)
Introduction
351(1)
Bivariate distributions with normal conditionals
351(5)
Bivariate distributions with gamma conditionals
356(3)
Other equations
359(2)
Linear regressions with conditionals in location-scale families
361(2)
Estimation of a multinomial model
363(3)
Sum of a random number of discrete random variables
366(2)
Bayesian conjugate distributions
368(1)
Maximum stability
369(1)
Reproductivity
370(4)
Exercises
374