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E-raamat: Fundamentals and Details of Laser Welding

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This highly illustrated book presents the essential information and major constituents of laser welding, including laser brazing and laser-arc hybrid welding. Students, engineers, researchers, scientists, specialists, professors, consultants, designers, and executives worldwide will fully grasp the fundamentals, the present state, and the applications of laser welding. Welding phenomena, formation mechanisms and preventive procedures of welding defects, and process monitoring and adaptive control are especially emphasized, because understanding these aspects of laser welding greatly improves the performance of work and research and solves many problems in the field. Finally, the book shows how increasingly widespread use of a variety of materials is bringing major advances to laser welding. 
1 Kinds and Characteristics of Lasers for Welding
1(18)
1.1 Fundamentals of Laser
1(2)
1.2 Principle of Laser Emission
3(2)
1.3 Kinds and Characteristics of Lasers
5(2)
1.4 CO2 Laser (Carbon Dioxide Laser)
7(2)
1.5 YAG Laser
9(1)
1.6 Diode Laser
10(2)
1.7 Disk Laser
12(1)
1.8 Fiber Laser
13(1)
1.9 Green or Blue Laser
14(1)
1.10 Ultrashort Pulse Picosecond or Femtosecond Laser
15(4)
References
16(3)
2 Fundamentals of Laser-Materials Interaction and Peripheral Optical System
19(16)
2.1 Laser Absorption, Transmission, and Reflection of Material
19(4)
2.2 Effect of Polarization on Laser Absorption of Material
23(2)
2.3 Effect of Laser-Induced Plume or Plasma on Laser Propagation, Reflection, and Absorption
25(2)
2.4 Focusing Optics, and Measurement and Monitoring of Laser Power Density
27(3)
2.5 Fiber Delivery System
30(5)
References
33(2)
3 Fundamentals and Features of Laser Welding
35(22)
3.1 Fundamentals of Laser Welding
35(2)
3.2 Welding with CO2 Laser
37(2)
3.3 Welding with YAG Laser
39(5)
3.4 Welding and Brazing with Disk Laser
44(2)
3.5 Welding and Brazing with Fiber Laser
46(2)
3.6 Welding, Brazing, and Soldering with Diode Laser
48(4)
3.7 Welding and Soldering with Green or Blue Laser
52(1)
3.8 Welding with Picosecond Laser or Femtosecond Laser
53(4)
References
54(3)
4 Laser Welding Results and Phenomena
57(30)
4.1 Spot Welding with Pulsed Laser
57(10)
4.1.1 Phenomena during Laser Spot Welding
57(4)
4.1.2 Effect of Laser Welding Conditions on Weld Penetration and Defects
61(4)
4.1.3 Effect of Laser Pulse Shaping on Weld Penetration and Defects
65(2)
4.2 Bead Welding with Continuous Wave (CW) Laser
67(14)
4.2.1 Effect of Laser Welding Parameters on Weld Penetration and Defects Formation
67(4)
4.2.2 Plume Behavior and Physical Phenomena during CW Laser Welding
71(5)
4.2.3 Melt Flows and Spattering during Laser Welding
76(5)
4.3 Modeling and Simulation of Laser Welding
81(6)
4.3.1 Properties of Plume and Plasma
81(2)
4.3.2 Rise in Material Temperature
83(1)
4.3.3 Simulation during Laser Welding
84(1)
References
85(2)
5 Formation Mechanisms and Preventive Procedures of Laser Welding Defects
87(26)
5.1 Features of Various Welding Defects
87(1)
5.2 Formation Mechanism and Preventive Procedures of Porosity
88(12)
5.3 Formation Mechanism and Preventive Procedures of Hot (Solidification) Cracking
100(4)
5.4 Formation Mechanism and Preventive Procedures of Spattering Leading to Underfilling
104(1)
5.5 Formation Mechanism and Preventive Procedures of Humping and Undercutting
105(3)
5.6 Hardness Profiles and Mechanical Properties of Laser-Welded Joints
108(5)
References
110(3)
6 Characteristic Welding Processes
113(22)
6.1 Tailored Blank Welding
113(1)
6.2 Remote (Beam Scanning) Laser Welding
114(3)
6.3 Laser Brazing
117(2)
6.4 Laser Soldering
119(1)
6.5 Laser Welding with Multi-Laser Beams
120(3)
6.6 Laser Welding with Beam Mode-Modified Lasers
123(3)
6.7 Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding
126(9)
References
132(3)
7 Process Monitoring, Sensing, and/or Adaptive Control during Laser Welding
135(10)
7.1 Process Monitoring Technology
135(1)
7.2 Sensing or Seam Tracking during Laser Welding
135(3)
7.3 OCT and Its Application to Keyhole Depth Measurement
138(2)
7.4 In-Process Monitoring and Adaptive Control during Pulsed or Continuous Wave Laser Welding
140(5)
References
144(1)
8 Features of Laser Welding or Joining of Various Materials
145(22)
8.1 Laser Welding of Steels or Stainless Steels
145(6)
8.2 Laser Welding of Aluminum Alloys
151(3)
8.3 Laser Welding of Copper
154(2)
8.4 Laser Welding of Magnesium Alloys, Titanium, and Ni-Based Super Alloys
156(4)
8.5 Laser Welding or Brazing of Ceramics
160(1)
8.6 Laser Joining of Plastics
161(3)
8.7 Laser Welding or Joining of Glass
164(3)
References
165(2)
9 Laser Welding, Joining, or Brazing of Dissimilar Materials
167(18)
9.1 Laser Welding of Steel and Cast Iron
167(1)
9.2 Laser Welding of Steel and Aluminum Alloy
168(4)
9.3 Laser Welding of Steel and Copper
172(2)
9.4 Laser Welding of Steel and Magnesium Alloy
174(2)
9.5 Laser Welding of Copper and Aluminum Alloy
176(1)
9.6 Laser Welding of Titanium and Aluminum Alloy
177(2)
9.7 Laser Joining of Metal to Plastic or CFRP
179(4)
9.8 Laser Joining or Brazing of Metal to Ceramic
183(2)
References
183(2)
10 Industrial Applications of Laser or Hybrid Welding
185(12)
10.1 Steel Industry
185(2)
10.2 Automobile Industry
187(1)
10.3 Application to Train and Aircraft
187(5)
10.4 Application to Shipbuilding and Bridge
192(1)
10.5 Electrical and Electronic Industries
192(2)
10.6 Jewelry, Glass Frame, and Medical Industry
194(3)
References 197
Seiji Katayama received his Ph.D. from Osaka University in 1981. His research interests include laser materials processing. He is Professor Emeritus (Osaka University, Japan) and Senior Executive Fellow, Technology (Nadex Co., Ltd.) & General Manager (Nadex Laser R&D Center; Nadex Products, Co. Ltd.; Tsuruga, Japan). He is the Editor of the book Handbook of Laser Welding Technologies, and one of the authors of New Developments in Advanced Welding and Advances in Laser Materials Processing and has contributed to 30 other books. He has published more than 280 articles in internationally respected journals such as Journal of Laser Applications, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, Materials & Design, Science and Technology of Welding and Joining, and Welding in the World. He has won 20 awards, including the Best Paper Award and the Best Presentation Award, from the Japan Welding Society, Japan Light Metal Welding Association, Laser Institute of America and International Institute of Welding, as well as three prominent awards from the Japanese government (Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry) and the Japan Science and Technology Agency. He has more than 30 years of teaching experience at Osaka University.