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E-raamat: Fundamentals and Evolution of MPEG-2 Systems: Paving the MPEG Road

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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 20-Mar-2014
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781118875933
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Fundamentals and Evolution of MPEG-2 Systems: Paving the MPEG RoadSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 20-Mar-2014
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781118875933
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"This book examines the MPEG-2 system specification as developed in the early 1990's, as well as its evolution into the fourth edition of the MPEG-2 systems standard, published in 2013"--

Van der Meer examines the MPEG-2 video and audio compression codes and standards, and explains how to design devices and systems to be compliant with them. His topics include technology developments around 1990, developments in audio and video coding in MPEG, principles underlying the MPEG-2 systems design, the development of MPEG-2 systems, conditional access and scrambling, the MPEG-2 system target decoder model, data structure and design considerations, the real-time interface for transport streams, and the relationship to download and streaming over Internet Protocol. Annotation ©2014 Ringgold, Inc., Portland, OR (protoview.com)

This book describes the fundamentals and details of MPEG-2 Systems technology

Written by an expert in the field, this book examines the MPEG-2 system specification as developed in the early 1990’s, as well as its evolution into the fourth edition of the MPEG-2 systems standard, published in 2013. While MPEG-2 systems will continue to evolve further, this book describes the MPEG-2 system functionality as of October 2013. Furthermore, relevant background information is provided. The discussion of MPEG-2 system functionality requires knowledge of various fundamental issues, such as timing, and supported content formats. Therefore also some basic information on video and audio coding is provided, including their evolution. Also other content formats supported in MPEG-2 systems are described, as far as needed to understand MPEG-2 systems.

  • Ordered logically working from the basics and background through to the details and fundamentals of MPEG-2 transport streams and program streams
  • Explores important issues within the standardization process itself
  • Puts the developments on MPEG-2 systems into historic perspective
  • Includes support of 3D Video and transport of AVC, SVC and MVC
  • Concludes with additional issues such as real-time interface, delivery over IP networks and usage by application standardization bodies
  • Predicts a continuing promising future for MPEG-2 transport streams
Foreword xi
Preface xiii
About the Author xvii
Acknowledgements xxi
Part One BACKGROUNDS OF MPEG-2 SYSTEMS
1(170)
1 Introduction
3(6)
1.1 The Scope of This Book
7(1)
1.2 Some Definitions
7(2)
References
8(1)
2 Technology Developments Around 1990
9(4)
References
11(2)
3 Developments in Audio and Video Coding in MPEG
13(48)
3.1 The Need for Compression
13(6)
3.1.1 Compression Factors for Audio
14(1)
3.1.2 Compression Factors for Video
14(5)
3.2 MPEG Video
19(28)
3.2.1 Introduction
19(1)
3.2.2 MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 Video Essentials
20(19)
3.2.3 Evolution of MPEG Video
39(8)
3.3 MPEG Audio
47(14)
3.3.1 MPEG-1 and MPEG-2 Audio Essentials
47(6)
3.3.2 Evolution of MPEG Audio
53(6)
References
59(2)
4 Other Important Content Formats
61(22)
4.1 Metadata
61(3)
4.2 Timed Text
64(5)
4.3 Lossless and Scalable Lossless Audio
69(1)
4.4 Multiview Video
69(1)
4.5 3D Video
70(13)
4.5.1 Left and Right Views in a Single Video Stream
73(2)
4.5.2 Depth Information Associated to 2D Video
75(3)
4.5.3 Use of MVC to Convey Left and Right Views
78(1)
4.5.4 Further 3D Video Evolution
79(1)
References
80(3)
5 Motivation for a Systems Standard
83(4)
6 Principles Underlying the MPEG-2 Systems Design
87(46)
6.1 Building an End-to-End System
87(10)
6.1.1 Constant End-to-End Delay
87(1)
6.1.2 Video Coding Delay
88(6)
6.1.3 Audio Coding Delay
94(1)
6.1.4 Delay Compensation
95(2)
6.2 The Multiplex and Demultiplex Operation
97(9)
6.3 Delivery Schedule of MPEG System Streams
106(2)
6.4 Synchronization of Audio and Video
108(5)
6.5 MPEG-2 System Streams and the STD Model
113(5)
6.6 Timing Issues
118(9)
6.6.1 Frequency and Tolerance of the STC in MPEG-1 Systems
119(2)
6.6.2 Regeneration of the STC in System Decoders
121(4)
6.6.3 Frequency and Tolerance of the STC in MPEG-2 Systems
125(2)
6.7 Quality of Service Issues
127(4)
6.8 Transport Layer Independence
131(2)
References
132(1)
7 MPEG-1 Systems: Laying the MPEG-2 Foundation
133(38)
7.1 Driving Forces
133(3)
7.2 Objectives and Requirements
136(2)
7.3 Structure of MPEG-1 System Streams
138(5)
7.4 The MPEG-1 System Target Decoder
143(12)
7.5 The MPEG-1 System Stream
155(13)
7.5.1 Data Structure and Design Considerations
155(6)
7.5.2 Constrained System Parameter Streams
161(5)
7.5.3 Compliancy Requirements of MPEG-1 System Streams
166(2)
7.6 MPEG-1 Applications
168(1)
7.6.1 Compact Disc
168(1)
7.6.2 Computers
169(1)
7.7 Conclusions on MPEG-1
169(2)
References
170(1)
Part Two THE MPEG-2 SYSTEMS STANDARD
171(242)
8 The Development of MPEG-2 Systems
173(14)
8.1 Driving Forces
173(3)
8.2 Objectives and Requirements
176(2)
8.3 The Evolution of MPEG-2 Systems
178(9)
References
185(2)
9 Layering in MPEG-2 Systems
187(30)
9.1 Need for Program Streams and Transport Streams
187(1)
9.2 PES Packets as a Common Layer
188(1)
9.3 Program Streams
189(4)
9.4 Transport Streams
193(24)
9.4.1 Transport Packets
193(2)
9.4.2 Conveying PES Packets in Transport Packets
195(1)
9.4.3 The Size of Transport Packets
196(3)
9.4.4 Multiple Programs, PSI, Descriptors and Sections
199(14)
9.4.5 Conveying Sections in Transport Packets
213(1)
References
214(3)
10 Conditional Access and Scrambling
217(10)
10.1 Support of Conditional Access Systems
217(2)
10.2 Scrambling in Transport Streams
219(5)
10.3 Improving the Interoperability between CA Systems
224(1)
10.4 Scrambling in Program Streams
225(2)
Reference
226(1)
11 Other Features of MPEG-2 Systems
227(36)
11.1 Error Resiliency
227(3)
11.2 Re-Multiplexing of Transport Streams
230(4)
11.3 Local Program Insertion in Transport Streams
234(5)
11.3.1 Usage of Local Program Insertions
234(1)
11.3.2 Associated PSI Issues
235(1)
11.3.3 Time Base Discontinuities
236(3)
11.4 Splicing in Transport Streams
239(6)
11.5 Variable Bitrate and Statistical Multiplexing
245(1)
11.6 Padding and Stuffing
245(3)
11.7 Random Access and Parsing Convenience
248(2)
11.8 Carriage of Private Data
250(4)
11.9 Copyright and Copy Control Support
254(1)
11.10 Playback Trick Modes
255(1)
11.11 Single Program and Partial Transport Streams
255(3)
11.12 Program Stream Carriage within a Transport Stream
258(2)
11.13 PES Streams
260(1)
11.14 Room for Future Extensions
260(3)
References
261(2)
12 The MPEG-2 System Target Decoder Model
263(36)
12.1 Introduction to the MPEG-2 STD
263(1)
12.2 The Program Stream STD: P-STD
264(11)
12.2.1 Description of P-STD
264(3)
12.2.2 Buffer Management in the P-STD
267(1)
12.2.3 CSPS: Constrained System Parameter Program Stream
268(2)
12.2.4 Usage of P-STD for PES-STD
270(5)
12.3 Transport Stream STD: T-STD
275(15)
12.3.1 Description of T-STD
275(4)
12.3.2 The Use of Transport Buffers
279(2)
12.3.3 System Data Processing and Buffer Management
281(3)
12.3.4 Processing of Elementary Stream Data
284(4)
12.3.5 T-STD Buffers for Elementary Stream Decoding
288(2)
12.3.6 Buffer Management for Elementary Stream Data
290(1)
12.4 General STD Constraints and Requirements
290(2)
12.5 Content Format Specific STD Issues
292(7)
12.5.1 Decoding of MPEG Audio Streams in STD Model
292(3)
12.5.2 Decoding of MPEG Video Streams in STD Model
295(4)
13 Data Structure and Design Considerations
299(34)
13.1 System Time Clock Samples and Time Stamps
299(2)
13.2 PES Packets
301(8)
13.3 Descriptors of Programs and Program Elements
309(10)
13.3.1 General Format of Descriptors
309(2)
13.3.2 Types of Descriptors
311(1)
13.3.3 System Orientated Descriptors
311(4)
13.3.4 General Content Descriptors
315(4)
13.4 Program Streams
319(7)
13.5 Sections
326(3)
13.6 Transport Streams and Transport Packets
329(4)
Reference
331(2)
14 Content Support in MPEG-2 Systems
333(58)
14.1 Introduction
333(1)
14.2 MPEG-1
334(2)
14.2.1 MPEG-1 Video
334(1)
14.2.2 MPEG-1 Audio
334(1)
14.2.3 MPEG-1 System Stream
334(2)
14.3 MPEG-2
336(9)
14.3.1 MPEG-2 Video
336(2)
14.3.2 MPEG-2 (BC) Audio
338(2)
14.3.3 MPEG-2 AAC
340(1)
14.3.4 MPEG-2 DSM-CC
341(1)
14.3.5 MPEG-2 System Stream
342(1)
14.3.6 MPEG-2 IPMP
343(2)
14.4 (ITU-T Rec.) H.222.1 343
14.5 MHEG 344
14.6 MPEG-4 345
14.6.1 MPEG-4 Visual
345(1)
14.6.2 MPEG-4 Audio
346(3)
14.6.3 MPEG-4 Timed Text
349(1)
14.6.4 MPEG-4 Systems
350(4)
14.7 AVC
354(6)
14.8 SVC
360(6)
14.9 3D Video
366(10)
14.9.1 Service Compatible and Frame Compatible 3D Video
366(3)
14.9.2 Depth or Parallax Map as Auxiliary Video Stream
369(1)
14.9.3 MVC
370(6)
14.10 JPEG 2000 Video
376(1)
14.11 Metadata
377(10)
14.12 Overview of Assigned Stream-type Values
387(4)
References
389(2)
15 The Real-Time Interface for Transport Streams
391(6)
Reference
396(1)
16 Relationship to Download and Streaming Over TP
397(6)
16.1 IP Networks and MPEG-2 Systems
397(1)
16.2 Streaming Over IP
397(3)
16.3 Download
400(1)
16.4 Carriage of MPEG-2 Systems Across IP Networks
400(1)
16.5 Adaptive HTTP Streaming
401(2)
References
401(2)
17 MPEG-2 System Applications
403(4)
18 The Future of MPEG-2 Systems
407(6)
Reference
412(1)
Epilogue 413(10)
Annexes 423(4)
Index 427
Jan van der Meer, Independent Consultant, The Netherlands Jan van der Meer retired from Philips as Director of Standardization in July 2008; he is currently an independent consultant. Jan worked for Philips from 1979 until 2008 and is now an independent consultant. He has played a leading role in the MPEG standards committee almost from its very beginning, contributing not only to the developments of the MPEG-1, MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 standards, but also to their usage in specific application areas, such as specified by 3GPP, DAVIC, DVB, IETF and ISMA. Jan is worldwide acknowledged for his contributions to MPEG and other standard bodies and is (co-)inventor of 12 patents. He has chaired the MPEG Systems Group and discussed and promoted the use of MPEG technologies in a large variety of standardization bodies.
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