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E-raamat: Gas Hydrates 2: Geoscience Issues and Potential Industrial Applications

Edited by (University of Bordeaux, France), Edited by (University of Pau and Pays de l'Adour, France), Edited by (French Research Institute for the Exploitation of the Sea, Brest, France)
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  • ISBN-13: 9781119522478
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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 16-Apr-2018
  • Kirjastus: ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119522478
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Gas hydrates in their natural environment and for potential industrial applications (Volume 2).

Preface xi
Livio Ruffine
Daniel Broseta
Arnaud Desmedt
Part 1 Field study and laboratory experiments of hydrate-bearing sediments
1(176)
Introduction to Part 1
3(8)
Livio Ruffine
Chapter 1 Water Column Acoustics: Remote Detection of Gas Seeps
11(10)
Carla Scalabrin
Stephanie Dupre
1.1 Introduction
11(3)
1.2 Principle of the measurement
14(4)
1.2.1 Instrumentations
14(1)
1.2.2 Qualitative and quantitative measurements
14(4)
1.3 Bibliography
18(3)
Chapter 2 Geophysical Approach
21(10)
Bruno Marsset
2.1 Introduction
21(1)
2.2 Overview
21(2)
2.3 Seismic processing
23(5)
2.3.1 Positioning phase
23(1)
2.3.2 Preprocessing phase
24(1)
2.3.3 Processing phase
25(3)
2.4 Example of gas hydrate exploration: the SYSIF instrument
28(1)
2.5 Bibliography
29(2)
Chapter 3 Hydrate Seismic Detection
31(6)
Stephan Ker
3.1 Wave velocities of hydrate-bearing sediments
32(2)
3.1.1 Empirical equations
32(1)
3.1.2 Effective medium theories
33(1)
3.2 Bibliography
34(3)
Chapter 4 Geomorphology of Gas Hydrate-Bearing Pockmark
37(12)
Vincent Riboulot
4.1 Introduction
37(1)
4.2 Generalities about pockmarks
38(1)
4.3 Impact of gas hydrate on seafloor deformation
39(3)
4.4 Morphological evolution of gas hydrate pockmarks
42(2)
4.5 Distinction between gas hydrate-bearing and gas hydrate-free pockmarks
44(1)
4.6 Bibliography
45(4)
Chapter 5 Geotechnics
49(8)
Sebastien Garziglia
5.1 Introduction
49(1)
5.2 The Penfeld system
50(4)
5.2.1 Piezocone and acoustic soundings in gas hydrate-bearing sediments
52(2)
5.3 Bibliography
54(3)
Chapter 6 Geochemistry
57(28)
Livio Ruffine
Sandrine Cheron
Emmanuel Ponzevera
Christophe Brandily
Patrice Woerther
Vivien Guyader
Audrey Boissier
Jean-Pierre Donval
Germain Bayon
6.1 Introduction
57(1)
6.2 Sampling geological materials from hydrate-bearing sediment
58(7)
6.2.1 The Calypso corer
58(4)
6.2.2 Sampling of sediments, carbonates and pore fluids from the Calypso corer
62(3)
6.3 Analyses
65(17)
6.3.1 Sediment and carbonate
65(10)
6.3.2 Gases
75(3)
6.3.3 Pore water
78(4)
6.4 Bibliography
82(3)
Chapter 7 Benthic Ecosystem Study
85(36)
Karine Olu
Laurent Toffin
Christophe Brandily
7.1 Microbial ecology in hydrate-bearing sediments
85(6)
7.1.1 Study sites containing hydrate-bearing sediments
85(1)
7.1.2 Sampling strategy for microbiology study of hydrate-bearing sediments
86(1)
7.1.3 Laboratory analyses
87(4)
7.2 Macrobial ecology studies at cold seeps
91(20)
7.2.1 Mapping biogenic habitats
93(4)
7.2.2 Chemical characterization of biogenic habitats
97(6)
7.2.3 Sampling in biogenic habitats
103(3)
7.2.4 Fauna
106(4)
7.2.5 Symbiosis studies
110(1)
7.3 Bibliography
111(10)
Chapter 8 Physicochemical Properties of Gas Hydrate-bearing Sediments
121(44)
Ludovic Legoix
Elke Kossel
Christian Deusner
Livio Ruffine
Matthias Haeckel
8.1 Introduction
121(3)
8.2 Gas hydrate formation and dissociation
124(4)
8.3 Fluid transport in gas hydrate-bearing sediments
128(5)
8.4 Thermal and electrical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments
133(4)
8.5 Distribution and occurrence of gas hydrates in sediments
137(2)
8.6 Experimental investigation of dynamic processes in gas hydrate-bearing sediments
139(10)
8.7 Bibliography
149(16)
Chapter 9 Small-scale Laboratory Studies of Key Geotechnical Properties which are Not Possible to Measure from In Situ Deployed Technologies
165(12)
Sebastien Garziglia
9.1 Introduction
165(1)
9.2 Influence of gas hydrates on the stiffness and strength properties of sediments
166(6)
9.2.1 Elastic or small-strain stiffness properties
166(2)
9.2.2 Large-strain stiffness and strength properties
168(2)
9.2.3 Geotechnical consequences of gas hydrate destabilization
170(2)
9.3 Bibliography
172(5)
Part 2 Modeling of Gas Hydrate-bearing Sediments and Case Studies
177(66)
Chapter 10 Geomechanical Aspects
179(40)
Assaf Klar
Shun Uchida
10.1 Introduction
179(1)
10.2 Geomechanical characteristics
179(2)
10.3 Constitutive models for continuum mechanics frameworks
181(14)
10.3.1 Stress--strain formulation for hydrate-bearing sediments
183(8)
10.3.2 DEM representation
191(4)
10.4 Coupled formulation
195(7)
10.5 Numerical simulations of the Nankai 2013 gas production test
202(11)
10.5.1 The Nankai gas production test overview
202(1)
10.5.2 Modeling procedure
203(7)
10.5.3 History matching of the 2013 Nankai production test
210(1)
10.5.4 Thermo-hydro-mechanical studies during the 2013 Nankai gas production test
211(2)
10.6 Concluding remarks
213(1)
10.7 Bibliography
214(5)
Chapter 11 Geochemical Aspects
219(24)
Wei-Li Hong
Malgorzata Peszynska
11.1 Introduction
219(1)
11.2 Basic principles
220(6)
11.2.1 Transport in the aqueous phase by advection and diffusion
220(2)
11.2.2 Numerical scheme for the advection-diffusion problem
222(1)
11.2.3 Transport of methane in aqueous phase in the presence of gas hydrate phase
223(2)
11.2.4 Transport of methane and salt species, with hydrate presence
225(1)
11.3 Model framework
226(4)
11.4 Model validation and sensitivity tests
230(1)
11.5 Model application
230(9)
11.6 Concluding remarks
239(1)
11.7 Acknowledgments
239(1)
11.8 Bibliography
239(4)
Part 3 Geoscience and Industrial Applications
243(116)
Chapter 12 Biogeochemical Dynamics of the Giant Pockmark Regab
245(22)
Alexis De Prunele
Karine Olu
Livio Ruffine
Helene Ondreas
Jean-Claude Caprais
Germain Bayon
Anne-Sophie Alix
Julie Le Bruchec
Louis Geli
12.1 Introduction
245(1)
12.2 Location of the pockmark
246(4)
12.2.1 The pockmark Regab: hydrocarbon emission and morphology
247(3)
12.3 Megafauna distribution on Regab pockmark in relation to fluid chemistry
250(13)
12.3.1 Megafauna distribution on the Regab pockmark
250(2)
12.3.2 Mytilid habitats
252(3)
12.3.3 Bacterial mat habitat
255(3)
12.3.4 Vesicomyid habitats
258(5)
12.4 General conclusion on the megafauna distribution on the Regab pockmark in relation to fluid chemistry
263(1)
12.5 Bibliography
264(3)
Chapter 13 Roles of Gas Hydrates for CO2 Geological Storage Purposes
267(18)
Andre Burnol
13.1 Introduction
267(2)
13.2 Hydrate trapping of CO2 in subsurfaces (onshore, offshore and deep offshore cases)
269(7)
13.2.1 Case of migration of CO2 within the overburden
269(1)
13.2.2 Case of natural gas hydrates exploitation using CO2 injection
270(2)
13.2.3 Role of mixed gas hydrates in the "deep offshore" CO2 storage option
272(4)
13.3 CO2 deep offshore storage capacity in the French and Spanish EEZs
276(5)
13.4 Summary and prospects
281(1)
13.5 Bibliography
281(4)
Chapter 14 Hydrate-Based Removal of CO2 from CH4 + CO2 Gas Streams
285(30)
Daniel Broseta
Christophe Dicharry
Jean-Philippe Torre
14.1 Introduction
285(5)
14.2 Laboratory experiments of gas capture and separation by means of gas hydrates
290(5)
14.2.1 Batch experiments
292(3)
14.2.2 Semibatch experiments
295(1)
14.2.3 Continuous separation experiments
295(1)
14.3 Metrics of CO2 separation
295(5)
14.4 Results from experiments of CO2 removal from CO2/CH4 gas mixtures
300(7)
14.4.1 Pure water and water with surfactant additives
300(1)
14.4.2 THF and other sII hydrate-forming additives
301(2)
14.4.3 TBAB, TBPB and other semiclathrate-forming additives
303(4)
14.5 Routes to enhance the removal of CO2 from CO2/CH4 gas mixtures
307(2)
14.6 Concluding remarks
309(1)
14.7 Bibliography
309(6)
Chapter 15 Use of Hydrates for Cold Storage and Distribution in Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Applications
315(44)
Anthony Delahaye
Laurence Fournaison
Didier Dalmazzone
15.1 Introduction
315(2)
15.2 Hydrate systems for cool storage and distribution
317(4)
15.2.1 Refrigerant gas hydrate applied to cool storage
317(1)
15.2.2 CO2 hydrates applied to cool storage and distribution
318(1)
15.2.3 Quaternary salt hydrates for cool storage and distribution
319(1)
15.2.4 Other hydrates applied to cool storage and distribution
320(1)
15.3 Criteria for use of hydrates in refrigeration
321(14)
15.3.1 Thermodynamic criterion
322(3)
15.3.2 Flow criterion
325(6)
15.3.3 Thermal criterion
331(1)
15.3.4 Kinetic criterion
332(2)
15.3.5 Energy criterion
334(1)
15.4 Hydrate applications in refrigeration and air conditioning
335(6)
15.4.1 Slurry generation methods
335(1)
15.4.2 Examples of hydrate-based refrigeration systems
336(5)
15.5 Conclusion
341(1)
15.6 Bibliography
342(17)
List of Authors 359(4)
Index 363
Livio Ruffine is a research scientist at the French Research Institute for the Exploitation of the Sea (Ifremer) in Brest, France. His research interests focus on the oceanic methane cycle, with an emphasis on the geochemical dynamics of gas-hydrate deposits.

Daniel Broseta is Professor and member of the Laboratory of Complex Fluids and their Reservoirs at the University of Pau and Pays de l'Adour in France. His research interests are in interfacial and colloidal phenomena.

Arnaud Desmedt is a CNRS researcher at the Institute of Molecular Science at the University of Bordeaux in France. His main research interests are molecular spectroscopy (experimental and modelling) applied to inclusion chemistry and fundamental issues on clathrate hydrates.
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