| Contributors |
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| Preface |
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xvii | |
| Chapter 1 Functional and morphological alterations in a glaucoma model of acute ocular hypertension |
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1 | (30) |
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Juan Antonio Miralles de Imperial-Ollero |
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Francisco Javier Valiente-Soriano |
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Marcelino Aviles-Trigueros |
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2 | (2) |
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4 | (4) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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2.3 Acute ocular hypertension induction |
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5 | (1) |
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2.4 Spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) |
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5 | (1) |
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2.5 Electroretinography (ERG) |
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5 | (2) |
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7 | (1) |
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2.7 Immunohistofluorescence |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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2.9 Quantification and spatial distribution |
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8 | (1) |
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2.10 Statistical analysis |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (11) |
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3.1 Early thinning of the inner retina and a delayed thinning of the external retina |
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8 | (1) |
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3.2 Dramatic and permanent alterations of all retinal waves recorded |
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9 | (1) |
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3.3 Death of CBCs but not RBCs |
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9 | (4) |
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3.4 Loss of RGCs and cones but not HZs |
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13 | (6) |
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19 | (3) |
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4.1 AOHT reduces the thickness of the inner retina and over time the outer retina |
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19 | (1) |
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4.2 AOHT results in early permanent retinal disfunction |
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20 | (1) |
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4.3 AOHT causes the loss of ganglion cells and cones but not HZs |
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21 | (1) |
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4.4 AOHT results in the death of cone bipolar cells but not rod bipolar cells |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (9) |
| Chapter 2 Genetics of primary open-angle glaucoma and its endophenotypes |
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31 | (18) |
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31 | (1) |
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2 Genome-wide association studies on POAG endophenotypes |
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32 | (1) |
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3 Disc area and vertical cup-to-disc ratio (VCDR) |
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32 | (6) |
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4 Intraocular pressure (TOP) |
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38 | (5) |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (6) |
| Chapter 3 A broad perspective on the molecular regulation of retinal ganglion cell degeneration in glaucoma |
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49 | (30) |
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1 Complexity of RGC degeneration in glaucoma |
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49 | (4) |
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2 Injury of RGC axons at the optic nerve head |
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53 | (2) |
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3 Molecularly distinct compartmentalized processes for RGC degeneration |
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55 | (2) |
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4 Mitochondrial dysfunction, a key pathogenic event in RGC degeneration at different compartments |
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57 | (1) |
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5 Glia-driven neuroinflammation, a widespread outcome promoting RGC degeneration |
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58 | (2) |
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6 Molecular signaling for degeneration of RGC axons |
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60 | (2) |
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7 Molecular signaling for RGC soma death |
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62 | (5) |
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8 Loss of RGC synapses at dendrites and axon terminals |
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67 | (2) |
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69 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (9) |
| Chapter 4 The role of commensal microflora-induced T cell responses in glaucoma neurodegeneration |
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79 | (20) |
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80 | (1) |
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2 Microbiota in neuroinflammation |
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80 | (5) |
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2.1 Commensal microbiota and immune regulation |
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80 | (1) |
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2.2 Microbiota and the autoimmune diseases in the CNS |
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81 | (1) |
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2.3 Microbiota and the blood-retina barrier |
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82 | (1) |
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2.4 Microbiota and microglia development, maturation and function |
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82 | (2) |
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2.5 Microglia and neurodegeneration in glaucoma |
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84 | (1) |
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3 Heat shock proteins in glaucomatous neurodegeneration |
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85 | (3) |
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3.1 HSPs and their upregulation in glaucomatous neurodegeneration |
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85 | (2) |
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3.2 The role of HSPs in autoimmune conditions and neurodegenerative diseases, including glaucoma |
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87 | (1) |
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4 Interactions between T cells and microglia |
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88 | (2) |
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4.1 CNS T cell infiltration and activated microglia |
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88 | (2) |
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4.2 CNS/retina: An immune privileged site |
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90 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (8) |
| Chapter 5 The role of neuroinflammation in the pathogenesis of glaucoma neurodegeneration |
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99 | (26) |
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Francisco J. Munoz-Negrete |
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Javier Benitez-del-Castillo |
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100 | (1) |
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2 The link between neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in glaucoma neurodegeneration |
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100 | (4) |
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100 | (3) |
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2.2 Oxidative stress in glaucoma neurodegeneration |
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103 | (1) |
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3 Genetics and omics in glaucoma neuroinflammation |
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104 | (3) |
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3.1 Polymorphisms of cytokine genes in glaucoma neuroinflammation |
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104 | (2) |
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3.2 Omics in glaucoma neuroinflammation |
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106 | (1) |
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4 Update on uveitic glaucoma |
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107 | (4) |
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4.1 Uveitic glaucoma pathophysiology |
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107 | (2) |
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4.2 Uveitic glaucoma treatment |
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109 | (2) |
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5 Imaging methods for ocular inflammation and glaucoma |
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111 | (4) |
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5.1 Anterior segment optical coherence tomography |
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112 | (1) |
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5.2 Innovation in imaging techniques |
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113 | (2) |
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6 Clues in glaucoma neuroprotection |
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115 | (1) |
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6.1 Potential glaucoma neuroprotectants |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (8) |
| Chapter 6 Microglial changes in the early aging stage in a healthy retina and an experimental glaucoma model |
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125 | (26) |
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Jose A. Fernandez-Albarral |
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Francisco Javier Valiente-Soriano |
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Marcelino Aviles-Trigueros |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (5) |
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127 | (1) |
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2.2 Animals and anesthetics |
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128 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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2.4 Laser treatment and IOP measurement |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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2.6 Quantitative retina analysis |
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130 | (2) |
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132 | (1) |
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132 | (9) |
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3.1 Laser-induced ocular hypertension |
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132 | (1) |
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3.2 General morphological characteristics of Iba-1+ retinal cells |
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132 | (1) |
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3.3 Morphometric characteristics of the Iba-1+ cells |
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133 | (4) |
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137 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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137 | (4) |
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141 | (4) |
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145 | (1) |
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145 | (6) |
| Chapter 7 Molecular changes in glaucomatous trabecular meshwork. Correlations with retinal ganglion cell death and novel strategies for neuroprotection |
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151 | (38) |
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152 | (2) |
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154 | (5) |
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3 The Nrf2 and NF-KB systems |
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159 | (2) |
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161 | (4) |
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164 | (1) |
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5 The aqueous humor proteome: Its importance in glaucoma |
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165 | (4) |
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6 Neuroprotective strategies |
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169 | (4) |
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170 | (1) |
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171 | (2) |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (15) |
| Chapter 8 Effects of caloric restriction on retinal aging and neurodegeneration |
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189 | (20) |
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189 | (1) |
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2 Glaucoma: An ocular neurodegenerative disease |
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190 | (2) |
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3 Caloric restriction and fasting in brief |
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192 | (1) |
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4 The effect of caloric restriction in retinal aging and neurodegeneration |
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192 | (3) |
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5 Autophagy: Mechanism and function |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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7 The effect of caloric restriction on autophagy |
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197 | (2) |
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199 | (1) |
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199 | (10) |
| Chapter 9 Is stagnant cerebrospinal fluid involved in the pathophysiology of normal tension glaucoma |
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209 | |
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216 | (1) |
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217 | |
Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta