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E-raamat: Guide to Environment Safety and Health Management: Developing, Implementing, and Maintaining a Continuous Improvement Program

(Millikin - S&H Consulting, Richland, Washington, USA), (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, USA)
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Authors Alston and Millikin present students, academics, and professionals working in a wide variety of contexts with an examination of the challenges of developing and maintaining an environmental safety and health program in a variety of organizational contexts. The authors have organized the main body of their text in fourteen chapters devoted to environmental safety and health (ES&H), ES&H organizational structure, radiation protection, worker safety and health, occupational health and medicine, and a wide variety of other related subjects. Frances Alston is with the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California. Emily J. Millikin is a safety consultant. Annotation ©2015 Ringgold, Inc., Portland, OR (protoview.com)

Although an integral part of the corporate world, the development and execution of a successful Environmental Safety and Health (ES&H) program in today’s profit-driven business climate is challenging and complex. Add to that the scarcity of resources available to assist managers in successfully designing and implementing these programs and you’ve got a perfect storm of regulatory and contractual agreements imposed on businesses.Guide to Environment Safety and Health Management: Developing, Implementing, and Maintaining a Continuous Improvement Program guides you through the challenges of developing and maintaining an effective ES&H program for any organization.

A strategic ES&H program that follows project management concepts can add to the bottom line in many ways; however, the exact financial gain cannot oftentimes be quantified in the near term and in hard dollars. Written by two experts with more than 50 years of combined experience, this book covers the primary areas of ES&H and key elements that should be considered in developing, managing, and implementing an effective, compliant, and cost-effective program.

Presenting information from a practical experience view, the book covers:

  • Organizational structure and succession planning
  • Fundamental understanding of EH&S functional areas
  • Training
  • Approach and measurement of continuous organizational improvement
  • Project management of EH&S
  • Application of technology
  • Culture and trust in the workplace

Regulatory applicability depends on the type of business, product produced, and potential impacts to employees, the public, and the environment. Additionally, the perception exists with some business owners and executives that the "rules and regulations" imposed or enforced do not directly add to the bottom line. Giving you practical, from-the-trenches knowledge, the book outlines techniques and provides guidance for addressing the challenges involved in setting up EH&S programs. It shows you how your ES&H program can ensure regulatory compliance and contribute to the success of your company both monetarily as well as in shaping public perception.

Arvustused

"Alston and Millikin provide a robust and in depth look at the field of Environment Safety and Health management for continuous improvement. Going well beyond the macro level of organizational concerns, they explore the detailed issues that must be addressed for excellence in ESH organizational performance." Scotty Dunlap, EdD, CSP, Eastern Kentucky University

" I feel, the authors have done a great job in highlighting and addressing many of the HSE concerns of businesses are faced with today and how to address them in the workplace. The authors provide excellent concepts to users in simple words that are easy to follow and apply. To sum up - an excellent piece of work!" Dr. Chitram Lutchman, Independent EH&S Provider, Consultant and Global Speaker

Preface xv
About the Authors xvii
Acronyms xix
1 Environment Safety and Health (ES&H) 1(20)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 ES&H Hazards Identification and Control
1(4)
1.2.1 Definition of the Scope of Work
2(1)
1.2.2 Identification of Hazards
2(2)
1.2.3 Mitigation of Hazards
4(1)
1.3 Application of ES&H in the Design Process
5(1)
1.4 Application in Operations and Maintenance Activities
6(1)
1.5 Work Control Process
6(2)
1.6 Worker Feedback
8(1)
1.7 Organization Design
8(4)
1.7.1 Radiation Safety
9(1)
1.7.2 Worker Safety and Health
10(1)
1.7.2.1 Industrial Hygiene
10(1)
1.7.2.2 Industrial Safety
10(1)
1.7.3 Occupational Health
11(1)
1.7.4 Environmental Science and Protection
11(1)
1.8 Environment Safety and Health of the Past
12(1)
1.9 Environment Safety and Health in the Present
12(1)
1.10 Environment Safety and Health in the Future
13(1)
1.11 R2A2s
13(1)
1.12 Project Management Approach to ES&H
14(2)
1.13 The Benefits of Compliance
16(1)
1.14 The Penalty of Noncompliance
17(1)
1.15 The Catchall of Compliance
18(1)
1.16 Communication
19(1)
1.17 Summary
19(2)
2 ES&H Organizational Structure 21(16)
2.1 Introduction
21(1)
2.2 Organization Structure Development
21(5)
2.2.1 Divisional Organization Structure
22(1)
2.2.2 Functional Organization Structure
23(2)
2.2.3 Matrix Organization Structure
25(1)
2.3 ES&H Organization Structure
26(3)
2.3.1 ES&H Functional Organization
28(1)
2.3.2 ES&H Matrix Organization
28(1)
2.4 ES&H Organization Structure at the Department or Group Level
29(5)
2.4.1 Radiation Protection
29(1)
2.4.2 Environment Safety and Health Support Services
30(1)
2.4.3 Worker Safety and Health
31(1)
2.4.4 Environment Protection
32(1)
2.4.5 Occupational Health Services
33(1)
2.4.6 Environment Safety and Health Training
34(1)
2.5 Summary
34(3)
3 Radiation Protection 37(14)
3.1 Introduction
37(1)
3.2 Management and Organizational Structure
38(1)
3.3 Roles and Responsibilities
39(1)
3.4 Radiological Program Flow-Down of Requirements
39(1)
3.5 Regulatory Requirements
40(1)
3.6 Radiation Protection Programs
41(2)
3.6.1 Radiological Control Manuals
41(1)
3.6.2 Radiological Protection Policies and Procedures
42(1)
3.7 Radiological Protection Program Assessment
43(1)
3.8 Training in Radiation Protection
44(1)
3.9 Radiation Protection Documentation
45(1)
3.10 Complacency in the Workplace
46(1)
3.11 Response to Abnormal Conditions
46(1)
3.12 Balance between Being a Company and a Worker Representative
47(1)
3.13 Summary
48(3)
4 Worker Safety and Health 51(20)
4.1 Introduction
51(2)
4.2 Industrial Hygiene Programs
53(7)
4.2.1 Asbestos
53(2)
4.2.2 Beryllium
55(1)
4.2.3 Biosafety
56(1)
4.2.4 Chemical Safety and Hygiene (Hazard Communication)
56(1)
4.2.5 Confined Space
57(1)
4.2.6 Food Safety
57(1)
4.2.7 Heat Stress
57(1)
4.2.8 Lead
57(1)
4.2.9 Nanotechnology
58(1)
4.2.10 Hearing Conservation-Noise
58(1)
4.2.11 LASER
58(1)
4.2.12 Personal Protective Equipment
59(1)
4.2.13 Refractory Ceramic Fibers
59(1)
4.2.14 Respiratory Protection
60(1)
4.2.15 Silica
60(1)
4.3 Occupational and Industrial Safety
60(7)
4.3.1 Aerial Lifts
60(2)
4.3.2 Construction Safety
62(1)
4.3.3 Hoisting and Rigging
62(1)
4.3.4 Hazardous Energy
62(1)
4.3.4.1 Lockout, Tagout
63(1)
4.3.5 Elevators and Escalators
63(1)
4.3.6 Ergonomics
63(1)
4.3.7 Explosives and Blasting Agent Safety
64(1)
4.3.8 Fall Protection
64(1)
4.3.9 Powered Industrial Trucks
64(1)
4.3.10 Ladders
65(1)
4.3.11 Lighting-Illumination
65(1)
4.3.12 Machine Guarding
65(1)
4.3.13 Pressure Safety
66(1)
4.3.14 Signs
66(1)
4.3.15 Traffic Safety
66(1)
4.3.16 Walking-Working Surfaces
66(1)
4.3.17 Welding, Cutting, Soldering, and Brazing
67(1)
4.4 Medical Surveillance Program
67(1)
4.5 Occupational Exposure Limits
67(1)
4.6 Analytical Laboratory
68(1)
4.7 Summary
68(3)
5 Occupational Health and Medicine 71(14)
5.1 Introduction
71(1)
5.2 Management and Administration
72(1)
5.3 Functions of the Occupational Health Staff
73(6)
5.3.1 Preemployment Physicals
74(1)
5.3.2 Medical Surveillance
75(1)
5.3.3 Injury and Illness Evaluation
76(1)
5.3.4 Fitness for Duty
77(1)
5.3.5 Return-to-Work Process
78(1)
5.4 Prevention and Wellness Programs
79(1)
5.5 Injury and Illness Case Management and Reporting
80(2)
5.6 Challenges of Managing an Occupational Health Program
82(1)
5.7 Summary
83(2)
6 Environmental Protection 85(14)
6.1 Introduction
85(1)
6.2 Organization Structure and Design
85(3)
6.3 Regulatory Structure and Drivers
88(1)
6.4 Waste Management
89(2)
6.5 Environmental Permits
91(1)
6.6 Regulatory Compliance and Reporting
91(2)
6.7 Environmental Sustainability
93(1)
6.8 Employee Involvement
93(1)
6.9 Environmental Interest Groups
94(1)
6.10 Environmental Audits and Inspections
94(3)
6.10.1 Environmental Management Systems
95(1)
6.10.2 Compliance Auditing
95(2)
6.11 Summary
97(2)
7 ES&H Program Support 99(12)
7.1 Introduction
99(1)
7.2 Performance Assurance Office
100(1)
7.3 Communication Office
101(1)
7.4 Injury and Illness Management and Reporting Office
102(1)
7.5 Business and Finance Office
103(1)
7.6 Program Management Office
104(4)
7.7 Chemical Safety
108(2)
7.8 Summary
110(1)
8 ES&H Training 111(14)
8.1 Introduction
111(2)
8.2 Systematic Approach to Training
113(7)
8.2.1 Analysis of Training
114(2)
8.2.2 Design of Training
116(1)
8.2.3 Development of Training
117(1)
8.2.4 Implementation of Training
118(1)
8.2.5 Training Evaluation for Effectiveness
119(1)
8.3 ES&H Training
120(1)
8.4 Tracking of Training
120(2)
8.5 Training Records Retention
122(1)
8.6 Summary
122(3)
9 Continuous Improvement of Environment Safety and Health 125(20)
9.1 Introduction
125(1)
9.2 Assessing the ES&H Organization
125(9)
9.2.1 Assessment Techniques
126(1)
9.2.2 Performance-Based Assessment Model
127(1)
9.2.3 Assessment Functional Elements
127(3)
9.2.3.1 Compliance Functional Element
128(1)
9.2.3.2 Effectiveness Functional Element
128(1)
9.2.3.3 Quality Functional Element
129(1)
9.2.4 Performance-Based Assessment Plan
130(2)
9.2.4.1 Assessment Plan Objectives
130(1)
9.2.4.2 Schedule of Performance
131(1)
9.2.4.3 Identification of Assessor(s)
131(1)
9.2.4.4 Assessment Criteria and Lines of Inquiry
132(1)
9.2.5 Assessment Reporting and Results
132(1)
9.2.5.1 General Assessment Information
132(1)
9.2.5.2 Signature Approval Page
133(1)
9.2.5.3 Summary of Assessment Techniques and Observations
133(1)
9.3 Performance Metrics and Performance Indicators
134(10)
9.3.1 Performance Metrics
134(1)
9.3.2 Performance Indicators
135(3)
9.3.3 Leading Metrics and Indicators
138(1)
9.3.4 Lagging Metrics and Indicators
138(1)
9.3.5 Qualities of Solid Performance Metrics and Indicators
139(1)
9.3.6 Performance Metrics and Indicators in the Continuous Improvement Process
140(3)
9.3.7 Use of ES&H Metrics and Performance Indicators in Company Management
143(1)
9.4 Summary
144(1)
10 Project Management Approach to Environment Safety and Health 145(16)
10.1 Introduction
145(1)
10.2 The Project Management Approach
145(1)
10.3 ES&H Scheduling
146(6)
10.4 Managing Cost
152(1)
10.5 ES&H Managers as Project Managers
152(5)
10.5.1 Leadership Skill
154(1)
10.5.2 Team Building
154(1)
10.5.3 Differing Opinion Resolution
155(1)
10.5.4 Technical Knowledge
156(1)
10.5.5 Resource Allocation and Management
156(1)
10.5.6 Organizational Skills
156(1)
10.5.7 Planning Skills
156(1)
10.6 Time Management
157(2)
10.7 Summary
159(2)
11 Succession Planning 161(18)
11.1 Introduction
161(1)
11.2 Employee Retention Strategy
162(1)
11.3 The Role of Management in the Succession Planning Process
163(1)
11.4 Attributes of a Good Succession Plan
164(10)
11.4.1 Identify Key Positions
165(1)
11.4.2 Identification of Key Competencies
166(1)
11.4.3 Identification of Candidates
167(1)
11.4.4 Candidate Communication
168(1)
11.4.5 Gap Analysis
169(1)
11.4.6 Define the Training and Development Plan
170(3)
11.4.7 Implementation of the Training and Development Plan
173(1)
11.4.8 Evaluate Succession Plan
173(1)
11.5 The Role of a Mentor in Succession Planning
174(1)
11.6 External Hiring Process
175(1)
11.7 ES&H Organizational Succession Strategy
175(2)
11.8 Summary
177(2)
12 Technology and the ES&H Profession 179(14)
12.1 Introduction
179(1)
12.2 Use of Technology in the Workplace
180(4)
12.2.1 Search Engines
180(1)
12.2.2 Regulations and Standards
180(1)
12.2.3 Applications Used by the ES&H Discipline
181(1)
12.2.4 Communications and Graphics
182(1)
12.2.5 Emergency Response
182(1)
12.2.6 Employee Observational Programs
183(1)
12.2.7 Training and Certification
184(1)
12.3 Types of Technological Devices
184(3)
12.3.1 Smartphones
184(1)
12.3.2 Laptops and Tablets
185(1)
12.3.3 Portable Instrumentation
185(1)
12.3.4 Simulation Devices and Digital Imaging
186(1)
12.4 Technology Considerations
187(3)
12.4.1 Organization and Storage of Media
187(1)
12.4.2 Validation of Data Used for Reporting
187(1)
12.4.3 Security Protection of Electronic Data
188(1)
12.4.4 Use of Electronic Devices in the Workplace
188(1)
12.4.5 Social Media Sites and Networking within a Technological Work Environment
188(1)
12.4.6 Planning Costs Associated with Technological Devices
189(1)
12.4.7 Overcoming Generational Differences
189(1)
12.5 Cost-Benefit Analysis
190(2)
12.6 Summary
192(1)
13 Culture in the ES&H Work Environment 193(16)
13.1 Introduction
193(1)
13.2 Impact of Culture in the ES&H Environment
194(2)
13.2.1 Safety and Health
194(1)
13.2.2 Radiological Protection
195(1)
13.2.3 Environmental Protection
196(1)
13.3 Methods to Evaluate Culture
196(5)
13.3.1 One-on-One Daily Discussions
197(1)
13.3.2 Interviews
198(1)
13.3.2.1 Individual Interviews
198(1)
13.3.2.2 Group Interviews
198(1)
13.3.2.3 General Considerations When Interviewing
199(1)
13.3.3 Surveys
199(1)
13.3.4 Performance Indicators
200(1)
13.4 Culture Improvement Initiatives within ES&H
201(4)
13.4.1 Defined Culture Values
201(1)
13.4.2 Key Performance Indicators
201(1)
13.4.3 Leadership and Supervisor Training
202(2)
13.4.4 Communications Plan
204(1)
13.4.5 Focused Campaigns
204(1)
13.4.6 Employee Involvement Committees
205(1)
13.5 Tools for Improving Culture
205(2)
13.5.1 Organizational Culture Questionnaire
206(1)
13.5.2 Culture Improvement Plan
207(1)
13.6 Summary
207(2)
14 The Impact of Trust in an ES&H Organization 209(14)
14.1 Introduction
209(1)
14.2 Trust the Building Block for Organizational Success
210(1)
14.3 The Impact of Mistrust in an Organization
210(1)
14.4 The Role of Trust in an ES&H Organization
211(2)
14.5 How to Establish Trust with Customers
213(3)
14.5.1 Humility
215(1)
14.5.2 Relationship
215(1)
14.5.3 Openness and Honesty
215(1)
14.5.4 Concern for Employees
215(1)
14.5.5 Competence
215(1)
14.5.6 Identification
216(1)
14.5.7 Reliability
216(1)
14.6 The Role of the ES&H Leadership Team in Building Trust
216(1)
14.7 The Corporate Safety Culture and Trust
217(2)
14.8 Assessing Organizational Trust
219(1)
14.9 Summary
220(3)
References 223(2)
Index 225
Frances Alston, PhD, has built a solid career foundation over the past 25 years in leading the development and management of environment safety, health, and quality (ESH&Q) programs in diverse cultural environments. Throughout her career, she has delivered superior performance within complex, multistakeholder situations and has effectively dealt with challenging safety, operational, programmatic, regulatory, and environmental issues. Dr. Alston has been effective in facilitating integration of ESH&Q programs and policies as a core business function while leading a staff of business, scientific, and technical professionals. She is skilled in providing technical expertise in regulatory and compliance arenas as well as determining necessary and sufficient program requirements to ensure employee and public safety, including environmental stewardship and sustainability. She also has extensive knowledge and experience in assessing programs and cultures to determine areas for improvement and development of strategy for improvement. Dr. Alston earned a BS in industrial hygiene and safety, an MS in hazardous and water materials management/environmental engineering, an MSE in systems engineering/engineering management, and a PhD in industrial and systems engineering. She is a fellow of the American Society for Engineering Management (ASEM) and holds certifications as a Certified Hazardous Materials Manager (CHMM) and a Professional Engineering Manager (PEM). Dr. Alstons research interests include investigating and implementing ways to design work cultures that facilitate trust.

Emily J. Millikin has more than 29 years of leadership experience in regulatory, environmental compliance, radiation protection, and safety and health programs at multiple Department of Energy (DOE) and Department of Defense (DOD) sites. She has served as safety, health, and quality director and subject matter expert for environment safety, health, and quality programs. She has extensive leadership experience in safety, health, and quality programs and has managed all aspects of program, cost, and field implementation of safety and health, industrial hygiene, radiological control, environmental, quality assurance, contractor assurance system, emergency preparedness, safeguards and security, occupational health, and PriceAnderson Amendment Act programs. Millikin has achieved over 11 million safe work hours while consistently demonstrating a low total recordable case rate. She has established successful employee-led behavioral-based safety observation programs and successfully achieved Voluntary Protection Program (VPP) Star status. Millikin earned a BS in environmental health from Purdue University with double majors in industrial hygiene and health physics. She is a Certified Safety Professional, Safety Trained Supervisor, and certified in the National Registry for Radiation Protection Technologists.