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E-raamat: Guide to Good Practice in the Management of Time in Complex Projects

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  • Ilmumisaeg: 19-Oct-2010
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Blackwell
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781444329605
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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 19-Oct-2010
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Blackwell
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781444329605

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Delayed completion affects IT, process plant, oil and gas, civil engineering, shipbuiling and marine work contracts. In fact it affects all industries in all countries and the bigger the project, the more damage delayed completion causes to costs, to reputation and sometimes, even to the survival of the contracting parties themselves.

In simple projects, time can be managed intuitively by any reasonably competent person, but complex projects cannot and a more analytical approach is necessary if the project is to succeed. Although much has been written about how to apportion liability for delay after a project has gone wrong there was, until recently, no guidance on how to manage time pro-actively and effectively on complex projects.

In 2008, the CIOB embarked upon a 5-year strategy to provide standards, education, training and accreditation in time management. The first stage, this Guide to Good Practice in Managing Time in Complex Projects, sets down the process and standards to be achieved in preparing and managing the time model.

As a handbook for practitioners it uses logical step by step procedures and examples from inception and risk appraisal, through design and construction to testing and commissioning, to show how an effective and dynamic time model can be used to manage the risk of delay to completion of construction projects.

Delayed completion affects IT, process plant, oil and gas, civil engineering, shipbuilding and marine work contracts. In fact it affects all industries in all countries and the bigger the project, the more damage delayed completion causes to costs, to reputation and sometimes, even to the survival of the contracting parties themselves.

In simple projects, time can be managed intuitively by any reasonably competent person, but complex projects cannot and a more analytical approach is necessary if the project is to succeed. Although much has been written about how to apportion liability for delay after a project has gone wrong there was, until recently, no guidance on how to manage time pro-actively and effectively on complex projects.

In 2008, the CIOB embarked upon a 5-year strategy to provide standards, education, training and accreditation in time management. The first stage, this Guide to Good Practice in Managing Time in Complex Projects, sets down the process and standards to be achieved in preparing and managing the time model.

As a handbook for practitioners it uses logical step by step procedures and examples from inception and risk appraisal, through design and construction to testing and commissioning, to show how an effective and dynamic time model can be used to manage the risk of delay to completion of construction projects.

Arvustused

"The Guide will benefit not only the construction industry, but also other sectors such as the oil services, process and energy Industries." (Project Manager Today, 1 January 2011)

"A new guide to help construction professionals keep control of timescales on complex projects has been published by the Chartered Institute of Building and Wiley Blackwell." (Self Build & Design, 1 March 2011)

"The guide will be beneficial to academics and students learning the basics of time management, but it could also become a reference document for all parties involved in the delivery of complex projects, including senior managers and clients". (Construction Manager, 1 January 2011)

"This new handbook uses a logical step by step approach to show how an effective time model can be used to manage the risk of delay to completion on construction projects. It demonstrates procedures and examples from inception and risk appraisal, through design and construction, to testing and commissioning that show practitioners the logical procedures to use". (Construction Now Daily, 4 January 2011)

Table of figures
xi
Table of acronyms
xiii
Time-Management Working-Group member and contributor details xv
Preface xix
Acknowledgements xxv
1 Preamble
1(8)
1.1 Core principles
1(2)
1.2 Mission statement
3(1)
1.3 Genesis of the Guide
3(1)
1.4 Purpose of the Guide
4(1)
1.5 Applicability of the Guide
5(1)
Simple projects
5(1)
Complex projects
5(1)
1.6 Planning and scheduling
6(1)
1.7 The project scheduler
7(1)
1.8 Project control
8(1)
2 Strategy
9(8)
2.1 Planning
9(1)
2.2 Schedule preparation
10(1)
2.3 Schedule review
10(1)
2.4 Progress update
11(1)
2.5 Change management
11(2)
2.6 Planning method statement
13(1)
2.7 Record keeping
14(1)
2.8 Time-management quality control
14(1)
2.9 Communications
15(2)
3 Developing the time-model
17(56)
3.1 Introduction
17(1)
3.2 Developing the schedule
17(1)
3.3 Schedule types
18(1)
Development schedule
18(1)
Tender schedule
19(1)
Working schedule
19(1)
Occupational commissioning schedule
19(1)
As-built schedule
19(1)
3.4 Scheduling techniques
19(4)
Bar charts
20(1)
Line-of-balance diagram
20(1)
Time-chainage diagram
21(1)
Arrow-diagram method (ADM)
21(1)
Precedence-diagram method (PDM)
22(1)
Linked bar chart
22(1)
3.5 Resource planning and scheduling
23(2)
Resource planning
23(1)
Resource scheduling
24(1)
3.6 Software considerations
25(1)
General matters
25(1)
3.7 Schedule design
26(11)
Introduction
26(1)
The nature of the work
26(1)
Schedule integration
27(1)
The time unit
27(1)
The scheduling technique
27(1)
Colours, fonts and graphics
28(1)
The structure of the schedule
28(1)
Work-breakdown structure
29(1)
Activity-identifier codes
29(1)
Work type
29(1)
Schedule density
30(1)
Scheduling at low density
31(1)
Scheduling at medium density
31(1)
Scheduling at high density
32(1)
Calendars
32(1)
Resources
33(1)
Permits and licences
33(1)
Utilities and third-party projects
33(1)
Contingencies
33(1)
Activity-content coding
34(1)
Activity-cost coding
35(1)
Schedule reporting
35(2)
3.8 Schedule preparation
37(36)
Work-breakdown structure
37(2)
Activity-identifier code
39(3)
Activity description
42(1)
Descriptions at low density
42(1)
Descriptions at medium density
43(1)
Descriptions at high density
43(1)
Ascertaining activity durations
43(1)
Durations at low density
44(1)
Durations at medium density
44(1)
Durations at high density
44(1)
Experience
45(1)
Industry standards
46(1)
Benchmarking
46(1)
Comparison with other projects
46(1)
Calculation from resources and work content
46(2)
Specification
48(1)
Calendars
48(3)
Calendars at low density
51(1)
Calendars at medium density
51(1)
Calendars at high density
51(1)
Activity content codes
51(1)
Cost codes
51(1)
Cost coding at low density
52(1)
Cost coding at medium density
52(1)
Cost coding at high density
52(1)
Logic
52(1)
Engineering logic
53(1)
Perferential logic
53(1)
Resource logic
53(1)
Zonal logic
53(1)
Logical possibilities
53(1)
Start-to-start
53(1)
Finish-to-Finish
54(1)
Finish-to-start
54(1)
Start-to-finish
54(1)
Lags
55(1)
Lagged finish-to-finish
55(1)
Lagged finish-to-start
55(1)
Lagged start-to-start
56(1)
Lagged start-to-start and finish-to-finish
56(1)
Negative lag
57(1)
Lags at low density
57(1)
Lags at medium density
57(1)
Lags at high density
57(1)
Constraints
58(1)
Flexible constraints
58(1)
Moderate constraints
59(1)
Inflexible constraints
59(1)
Inflexible combinations of constraints
59(1)
Float
59(1)
Free float
60(1)
Total float
60(1)
Negative float
61(1)
Risk and contingencies
61(1)
Contingencies at low density
62(1)
Contingencies at medium density
63(1)
Contingencies at high density
63(1)
The critical path
63(1)
Planning method statement
64(1)
Method statement at low density
65(1)
Method statement at medium density
66(1)
Method statement at high density
66(1)
Quality assurance
66(1)
Review for buildability
67(1)
Review for schedule content
68(1)
Review for schedule integrity
69(1)
Review for constraints
70(1)
Review for open ends
70(1)
Review for long lags
70(1)
Review for negative lags
71(1)
Review for ladders
71(1)
Review for scheduling options
72(1)
Review for critical paths
72(1)
Documentation of corrections
72(1)
4 Managing the time-model
73(28)
4.1 Introduction
73(2)
4.2 Schedule review and revision
75(4)
Managing the review and revision process
75(1)
General matters for review
76(1)
Consquential changes
77(1)
Review for better information
78(1)
Better design information
78(1)
Better procurement information
78(1)
Refinements to work content
79(1)
Review for short-term work
79(1)
4.3 Record keeping
79(8)
Introduction
79(1)
Spreadsheet-recorded data
80(1)
Database-recorded data
80(3)
Record types
83(1)
Progress records
83(1)
Progress-record content
83(1)
Coordinating code
84(1)
Activity description
84(1)
Date of record
85(1)
The resource
85(1)
Start and finish dates
85(1)
Author of the record
85(1)
Progress data
85(1)
Information-flow records
86(1)
4.4 Updating the schedule
87(1)
4.5 Change control
88(6)
Indentifying intervening events
89(1)
Voluntary and implied variations and other instructed changes
90(1)
Variations
90(1)
Prime cost and provisional sums
90(1)
Employer's acts or omissions
91(1)
Acts or omissions of third parties
92(1)
Neutral events
92(1)
Disruption
93(1)
Calculating the effect of intervening events
93(1)
4.6 Progress monitoring
94(7)
Target schedule
95(1)
Jagged line
96(1)
Count the squares
96(1)
Milestone monitoring
96(1)
Cash-flow monitoring
97(1)
Earned-value management
97(1)
Resource monitoring
98(1)
Acceleration and recovery
99(2)
5 Communicating and integrating the model
101(8)
5.1 Introduction
101(1)
5.2 Report types
102(3)
Contractual notice
102(1)
Managerial reports
103(1)
Executive summary
103(1)
In the last reporting period
103(1)
In the medium-term and long-term future
104(1)
In the next reporting period
104(1)
Informational reports
104(1)
5.3 Reporting formats
105(1)
5.4 Feedback and benchmarking
105(4)
Benchmarking procedure
106(3)
Appendices
109(18)
1 Appendix 1 - Time risks which may be borne by the employer
109(4)
2 Appendix 2 - Desirable attributes of scheduling software
113(10)
3 Appendix 3 - Sample notice of delay
123(2)
4 Appendix 4 - Industry productivity guides common in the UK
125(2)
Glossary of terms 127(12)
Index 139
About the CIOB The Chartered Institute of Building is at the heart of a management career in construction. It is the world's largest and most influential professional body for construction management and leadership, with a Royal Charter to promote the science and practice of building and construction for the benefit of society. With over 48,000 members worldwide, the CIOB is the international voice of the building professional.