Cases |
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xxiii | |
Statutes |
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xxxii | |
Part 1 |
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3 | (8) |
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3 | (1) |
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1.2 The historical context |
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3 | (1) |
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1.3 The relationship between landlord and tenant |
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4 | (2) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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1.3.4 Elements of a lease |
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5 | (1) |
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1.3.5 Statutory intervention |
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5 | (1) |
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1.4 Introduction to human rights |
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6 | (1) |
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1.5 Different types of leases |
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6 | (5) |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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1.5.3 Statutory tenancies |
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7 | (1) |
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1.5.4 Perpetually renewable leases |
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8 | (1) |
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1.5.5 Reversionary leases |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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1.5.7 Tenancies by estoppel |
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9 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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1.5.9 Tenancies at sufferance |
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9 | (2) |
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11 | (9) |
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11 | (1) |
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2.2 Essential elements of a lease |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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2.3.2 Hotel patrons and occupiers of rooms in hostels |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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2.3.4 No intention to create legal relations |
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13 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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2.8 The importance of the lease/licence distinction in commercial tenancies |
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16 | (2) |
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2.8.1 Exclusive possession and commercial leases |
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17 | (1) |
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2.8.2 Grant of a licence for preliminary works |
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17 | (1) |
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2.8.3 Exclusion of security of tenure for 'short' leases |
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18 | (1) |
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2.8.4 The effect of changes in circumstances during the period of occupation |
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18 | (1) |
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2.8.5 Occupation pending agreement of a new lease |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (2) |
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20 | (9) |
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20 | (1) |
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20 | (4) |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (2) |
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3.3 Consequences of an equitable tenancy |
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24 | (5) |
Part 2 |
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4 Structure of the lease and introduction to obligations |
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29 | (8) |
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4.1 Structure of the lease |
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29 | (1) |
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4.2 Contents of the lease |
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29 | (5) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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4.2.4 The operative words |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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4.3 Obligations in the lease |
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34 | (1) |
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4.3.1 Introduction to obligations |
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34 | (1) |
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4.3.2 Express and implied obligations |
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34 | (1) |
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4.3.3 Covenants and conditions |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (2) |
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35 | (1) |
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4.4.2 Specific performance |
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35 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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4.4.4 Landlord&aposs remedy of forfeiture |
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35 | (2) |
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37 | (7) |
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5.1 Introduction to implied obligations |
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37 | (1) |
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5.2 The covenant for quiet enjoyment |
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37 | (3) |
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5.2.1 Implied versus express covenant for quiet enjoyment |
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37 | (1) |
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5.2.2 The meaning of quiet enjoyment |
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38 | (1) |
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5.2.3 Cases where it was held that the covenant had been breached |
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38 | (1) |
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5.2.4 Cases where the covenant was not held to be breached |
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39 | (1) |
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5.3 The rule against derogation from grant |
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40 | (1) |
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5.4 Derogation from grant versus quiet enjoyment |
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41 | (1) |
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5.5 Introduction to implied repairing obligations |
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41 | (1) |
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5.6 Tenant&aposs implied obligations |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (1) |
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44 | (22) |
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44 | (1) |
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6.2 Interpretation of covenants |
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44 | (3) |
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44 | (2) |
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46 | (1) |
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6.2.3 Ejusdem generis and contra proferentem |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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6.3 Express obligations in commercial leases |
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47 | (3) |
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47 | (1) |
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6.3.2 Use of the property |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (1) |
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6.3.4 Special provisions for leases of different types and leases of part |
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49 | (1) |
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6.4 Express and implied provisions in residential leases |
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50 | (1) |
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6.4.1 Consumer protection legislation |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (2) |
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51 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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6.5.3 Remedies for breach of use covenant |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (2) |
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54 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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6.6.3 Rebuilding and reinstatement |
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55 | (1) |
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6.6.4 Remedies for breach of covenant to insure |
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55 | (1) |
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6.7 Alterations and improvements |
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55 | (4) |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (2) |
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6.7.3 Statutory tenancies |
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58 | (1) |
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6.7.4 Disability legislation and improvements |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (3) |
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6.8.1 Expression of service charge as rent |
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59 | (1) |
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6.8.2 Items included within service charge |
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59 | (1) |
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6.8.3 Sweeping up clauses |
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60 | (1) |
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6.8.4 Requirement for reasonableness? |
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60 | (1) |
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6.8.5 Tenant&aposs proportion of service charge |
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61 | (1) |
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6.8.6 Payments on account |
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61 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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6.8.8 RICS Code of Practice |
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61 | (1) |
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6.8.9 Residential statutory codes |
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62 | (1) |
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6.9 Options to renew/purchase |
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62 | (4) |
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62 | (1) |
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6.9.2 Options to purchase |
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63 | (3) |
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66 | (27) |
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66 | (1) |
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66 | (6) |
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7.2.1 When does liability arise? |
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67 | (1) |
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7.2.2 What is meant by repair? |
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68 | (2) |
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7.2.3 What does the lease say about repair? |
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70 | (2) |
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7.3 Implied obligations at common law |
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72 | (6) |
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7.3.1 Fitness for human habitation |
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72 | (1) |
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7.3.2 Implied contractual duty to keep common parts in repair |
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73 | (1) |
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7.3.3 Correlative obligations/business efficacy |
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73 | (1) |
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7.3.4 Implied obligations on landlords imposed by statute |
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74 | (2) |
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7.3.5 Homes (Fitness for Human Habitation and Liability for Housing Standards) Bill 2017-19 |
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76 | (1) |
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7.3.6 Obligations implied upon tenants |
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77 | (1) |
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7.4 Common law obligations |
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78 | (1) |
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7.4.1 Common law liability in negligence |
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78 | (1) |
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7.4.2 Common law liability in nuisance |
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78 | (1) |
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7.5 Statutory liability from outside landlord and tenant law |
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78 | (1) |
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7.5.1 Defective Premises Act 1972 |
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78 | (1) |
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7.5.2 Occupiers&apos Liability Act 1957 |
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79 | (1) |
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7.5.3 Environmental Protection Act 1990 |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (5) |
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80 | (1) |
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7.6.2 Houses in multiple occupation (HMOs) |
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80 | (4) |
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7.6.3 Empty dwelling management orders |
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84 | (1) |
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7.6.4 Secure Tenants of Local Housing Authorities (Right to Repair) Regulations 1994 |
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84 | (1) |
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7.6.5 Decent homes standard |
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84 | (1) |
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84 | (7) |
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7.7.1 Landlord&aposs remedies for breach of tenant&aposs repairing obligation |
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85 | (1) |
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7.7.2 Landlord&aposs remedies during the term |
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85 | (2) |
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7.7.3 Landlord&aposs remedies at the end of the term |
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87 | (1) |
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7.7.4 Tenant&aposs remedies |
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87 | (4) |
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91 | (2) |
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93 | (15) |
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8.1 The requirement for rent in leases |
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93 | (1) |
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8.2 Time and manner of payment |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (1) |
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94 | (1) |
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8.5 Other sums 'reserved as rent' |
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94 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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8.8 Remedies for non-payment of rent |
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96 | (1) |
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8.8.1 Action for recovery of rent as a debt |
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96 | (1) |
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8.8.2 Commercial Rent Arrears Recovery (CRAR) |
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97 | (1) |
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97 | (8) |
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8.9.1 Rent review in the residential sector |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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8.9.3 Commercial rent review provisions |
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98 | (1) |
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8.9.4 Market rent reviews |
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99 | (5) |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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8.9.9 Penultimate day reviews |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (3) |
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8.11.1 Commercial rent deposits |
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106 | (1) |
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8.11.2 Residential rent deposits |
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106 | (2) |
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9 Assignment and subletting |
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108 | (18) |
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108 | (1) |
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9.2 Covenants restricting the right to assign and sublet |
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109 | (5) |
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9.2.1 Formalities for subletting |
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109 | (1) |
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9.2.2 Formalities for assignment |
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109 | (1) |
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9.2.3 Involuntary assignment |
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110 | (1) |
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9.2.4 Absolute covenant against assignment |
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110 | (1) |
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9.2.5 Qualified covenants |
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110 | (1) |
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111 | (2) |
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9.2.7 Landlord&aposs obligations with regard to application |
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113 | (1) |
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9.3 Public sector tenancies |
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114 | (1) |
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9.4 Remedies for breach of covenant not to assign or sublet |
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115 | (1) |
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9.5 Enforceability of covenants on assignment |
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115 | (11) |
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115 | (4) |
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119 | (4) |
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9.5.3 Provisions of the LT(C)A 1995 relating to all leases |
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123 | (3) |
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126 | (17) |
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126 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (1) |
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127 | (9) |
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10.4.1 Statutorily protected tenancies and forfeiture |
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128 | (1) |
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10.4.2 The right to forfeit |
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128 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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10.4.4 Forfeiture for other than non-payment of rent |
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129 | (1) |
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10.4.5 Section 146 notice in the case of breach of repairing covenant |
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130 | (1) |
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10.4.6 Forfeiture for failure to pay rent |
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131 | (1) |
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10.4.7 Forfeiture of long leases of dwellings |
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131 | (1) |
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10.4.8 Forfeiture for failure to pay service charges |
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132 | (1) |
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10.4.9 Forfeiture for failure to pay a small amount for a short period |
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132 | (1) |
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10.4.10 Peaceable re-entry |
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132 | (1) |
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10.4.11 Service of court proceedings |
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133 | (1) |
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10.4.12 Relief against forfeiture |
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133 | (3) |
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136 | (1) |
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136 | (1) |
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10.5.2 Surrender by operation of law |
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136 | (1) |
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10.5.3 Removal of the lease from the landlord&aposs title |
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136 | (1) |
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10.5.4 Surrender and re-grant where a lease is varied |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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137 | (3) |
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10.7.1 Conditional break clauses |
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137 | (1) |
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10.7.2 Exercising the break |
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138 | (1) |
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10.7.3 Avoiding problems with exercising break options |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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10.8.2 Landlord insolvency and residential tenancies |
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141 | (1) |
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10.9 Termination of periodic tenancies |
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141 | (1) |
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10.10 Termination where there is no 'right to rent' |
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141 | (2) |
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143 | (12) |
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143 | (1) |
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11.2 Drivers for green lease provisions |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (1) |
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144 | (3) |
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11.4.1 Minimum Energy Efficiency Standards (MEES) |
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144 | (1) |
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11.4.2 The CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme |
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145 | (1) |
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11.4.3 Energy Savings Opportunity Scheme (ESOS) |
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146 | (1) |
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11.4.4 Heat Network (Metering and Billing) Regulations 2014 |
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146 | (1) |
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11.5 Green lease provisions |
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147 | (8) |
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147 | (1) |
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148 | (1) |
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148 | (1) |
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11.5.4 Data sharing and metering |
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148 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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11.5.6 Energy performance certificates |
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150 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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11.5.8 Alternative dispute resolution |
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150 | (5) |
Part 3 |
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12 Introduction to business tenancies |
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155 | (13) |
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155 | (1) |
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12.2 Who is a business tenant? |
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155 | (8) |
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156 | (1) |
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156 | (1) |
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12.2.3 Occupation by the tenant |
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156 | (1) |
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12.2.4 Occupation by employees |
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157 | (1) |
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12.2.5 Occupation by tenant&aposs company |
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157 | (1) |
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12.2.6 Multiple occupation |
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157 | (1) |
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12.2.7 Purposes of a business |
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158 | (1) |
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12.2.8 Where the tenant is an individual |
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158 | (1) |
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12.2.9 Where the tenant is a body of persons |
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159 | (1) |
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12.2.10 Unlawful business use and unlawful subtenancy |
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160 | (1) |
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12.2.11 Mixed use premises |
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160 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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12.2.13 Accommodation for employees |
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161 | (1) |
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162 | (1) |
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12.2.15 Exclusions from the 1954 Act |
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162 | (1) |
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12.2.16 Short term tenancies |
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163 | (1) |
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12.2.17 Home business tenancies |
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163 | (1) |
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12.3 Compensation for improvements under the LTA 1927 |
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163 | (5) |
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12.3.1 Compensation for improvements |
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163 | (1) |
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12.3.2 Holdings to which the LTA 1927 applies |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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12.3.4 What are improvements? |
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164 | (1) |
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12.3.5 Procedural requirements |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (3) |
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13 Contracting out, continuation and termination |
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168 | (9) |
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168 | (1) |
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168 | (2) |
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13.2.1 Before 1 June 2004 |
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168 | (1) |
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13.2.2 On or after 1 June 2004 |
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169 | (1) |
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13.3 Continuation tenancies |
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170 | (1) |
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171 | (6) |
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171 | (1) |
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171 | (1) |
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171 | (1) |
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13.4.4 Notice to quit under section 27 |
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171 | (1) |
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13.4.5 Landlord&aposs section 25 notice |
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171 | (3) |
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13.4.6 Tenant&aposs section 26 request |
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174 | (1) |
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13.4.7 Agreement between the parties |
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175 | (1) |
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13.4.8 Application to court |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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14 Grounds of opposition to grant of a new business lease |
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177 | (17) |
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177 | (1) |
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177 | (2) |
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14.2.1 Demonstrating disrepair |
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178 | (1) |
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14.2.2 The court&aposs discretion |
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178 | (1) |
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178 | (1) |
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14.2.4 Forfeiture and s. 30(1)(a) |
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178 | (1) |
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14.2.5 Disrepair and the new lease |
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179 | (1) |
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14.3 Persistent delay in paying rent |
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179 | (1) |
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14.3.1 What is meant by rent? |
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179 | (1) |
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14.3.2 What is persistent delay? |
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179 | (1) |
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14.3.3 Court&aposs discretion |
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180 | (1) |
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180 | (1) |
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14.3.5 Forfeiture and s. 30(1)(b) |
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180 | (1) |
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14.4 Substantial breaches of the lease or some other reason |
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180 | (2) |
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14.4.1 Substantial breaches |
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181 | (1) |
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14.4.2 Court&aposs discretion |
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181 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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14.4.4 Date of the breach and remedying the breach |
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182 | (1) |
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182 | (1) |
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14.5 Suitable alternative accommodation |
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182 | (2) |
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183 | (1) |
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183 | (1) |
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183 | (1) |
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14.5.4 Court&aposs discretion |
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183 | (1) |
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14.5.5 Where the landlord succeeds |
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184 | (1) |
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14.6 Uneconomic subletting |
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184 | (1) |
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14.6.1 The court&aposs discretion |
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184 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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14.7 Demolition and reconstruction |
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185 | (4) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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186 | (2) |
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14.7.4 Requirement of possession |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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14.7.6 Court&aposs discretion |
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189 | (1) |
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14.8 Occupation by the landlord |
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189 | (2) |
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14.8.1 Intention to occupy |
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190 | (1) |
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190 | (1) |
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14.8.3 Purpose of business or residence |
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190 | (1) |
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14.8.4 Exclusion where ownership is for less than five years |
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190 | (1) |
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14.8.5 The competent landlord |
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191 | (1) |
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14.8.6 Court&aposs discretion |
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191 | (1) |
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191 | (1) |
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192 | (2) |
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15 The Code for Leasing Business Premises and the Model Commercial Lease |
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194 | (7) |
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15.1 The Code for Leasing Business Premises 2007 |
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194 | (1) |
|
15.2 The main provisions of the Code |
|
|
194 | (2) |
|
|
194 | (1) |
|
15.2.2 The occupier guide |
|
|
195 | (1) |
|
15.2.3 The model heads of terms |
|
|
196 | (1) |
|
15.3 The extent of the influence of the Code |
|
|
196 | (1) |
|
15.4 Commercial Landlords Accreditation Scheme |
|
|
196 | (1) |
|
15.5 Standard-form leases-a short introduction |
|
|
197 | (1) |
|
15.6 The Model Commercial Lease |
|
|
197 | (1) |
|
|
197 | (1) |
|
|
198 | (3) |
Part 4 |
|
|
16 Introduction to residential tenancies |
|
|
201 | (6) |
|
|
201 | (1) |
|
16.2 Statutory codes for tenants other than under a 'long lease at a low rent' |
|
|
201 | (1) |
|
16.3 Long leases at low rents |
|
|
202 | (1) |
|
16.4 Residential tenancies in Wales |
|
|
202 | (1) |
|
16.5 The Immigration Act and the 'right to rent' |
|
|
202 | (5) |
|
16.5.1 Who does and does not have the right to rent? |
|
|
203 | (1) |
|
16.5.2 Residential tenancy agreements |
|
|
203 | (1) |
|
16.5.3 Excluded agreements |
|
|
203 | (1) |
|
16.5.4 Landlord&aposs obligations |
|
|
203 | (1) |
|
|
204 | (1) |
|
16.5.6 Acceptable documents for adult occupiers |
|
|
204 | (1) |
|
|
205 | (1) |
|
16.5.8 The Landlords Checking Service |
|
|
205 | (1) |
|
16.5.9 Where there is found to be no right to rent |
|
|
205 | (1) |
|
16.5.10 Removal of tenant with no right to rent |
|
|
205 | (1) |
|
|
206 | (1) |
|
16.5.12 Criminal offences |
|
|
206 | (1) |
|
|
207 | (21) |
|
|
207 | (1) |
|
|
207 | (1) |
|
17.1.2 Transitional rules |
|
|
208 | (1) |
|
17.2 Protected tenancies under the Rent Act 1977 |
|
|
208 | (2) |
|
|
208 | (1) |
|
|
208 | (1) |
|
|
209 | (1) |
|
17.2.4 As a separate dwelling |
|
|
209 | (1) |
|
17.3 Tenancies excluded from protection |
|
|
210 | (3) |
|
17.3.1 Dwelling-houses with a high rateable value |
|
|
210 | (1) |
|
17.3.2 Tenancies at a low rent |
|
|
211 | (1) |
|
17.3.3 Dwelling-houses let with other land |
|
|
211 | (1) |
|
17.3.4 Payments for board or attendance |
|
|
211 | (1) |
|
17.3.5 Lettings to students |
|
|
211 | (1) |
|
|
212 | (1) |
|
17.3.7 Agricultural holdings |
|
|
212 | (1) |
|
|
212 | (1) |
|
17.3.9 Resident landlords |
|
|
212 | (1) |
|
17.3.10 Landlord&aposs interest belonging to the Crown |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
17.3.11 Landlord&aposs interest belonging to a local authority etc |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
17.3.12 Business tenancies |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
|
213 | (1) |
|
17.4.1 Rent determination and registration |
|
|
214 | (1) |
|
|
214 | (1) |
|
17.4.3 Effect of rent registration |
|
|
214 | (1) |
|
|
214 | (3) |
|
17.5.1 Statutory tenancy resulting from previous protected tenancy |
|
|
215 | (1) |
|
17.5.2 The requirement of occupation |
|
|
215 | (1) |
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
17.5.4 Succession to statutory tenancy |
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
17.5.5 Membership of the tenant&aposs family |
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
17.5.6 Terms of the statutory tenancy |
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
17.6 Recovery of possession |
|
|
217 | (7) |
|
17.6.1 Where the tenant leaves voluntarily |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
17.6.2 Obtaining an order for possession |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
17.6.3 Suitable alternative accommodation |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
17.6.4 The discretionary grounds |
|
|
219 | (3) |
|
17.6.5 The mandatory grounds |
|
|
222 | (2) |
|
|
224 | (1) |
|
|
224 | (1) |
|
17.7 Restricted contracts |
|
|
224 | (4) |
|
|
225 | (1) |
|
|
225 | (3) |
|
18 Assured and assured shorthold tenancies |
|
|
228 | (29) |
|
|
228 | (1) |
|
18.2 What is an assured tenancy? |
|
|
228 | (2) |
|
|
229 | (1) |
|
18.2.2 'a dwelling-house' let as a 'separate dwelling' |
|
|
229 | (1) |
|
18.2.3 Only or principal home |
|
|
229 | (1) |
|
18.3 Statutory exclusions |
|
|
230 | (3) |
|
18.3.1 Tenancies entered into before commencement |
|
|
230 | (1) |
|
18.3.2 High value properties |
|
|
230 | (1) |
|
18.3.3 Tenancies at a low rent |
|
|
230 | (1) |
|
18.3.4 Business tenancies |
|
|
230 | (1) |
|
|
231 | (1) |
|
18.3.6 Tenancies of agricultural land |
|
|
231 | (1) |
|
18.3.7 Tenancies of agricultural holdings |
|
|
231 | (1) |
|
18.3.8 Lettings to students |
|
|
231 | (1) |
|
|
231 | (1) |
|
18.3.10 Resident landlords |
|
|
231 | (1) |
|
|
232 | (1) |
|
18.3.12 Local authority tenancies |
|
|
232 | (1) |
|
18.3.13 Family intervention tenancies |
|
|
233 | (1) |
|
|
233 | (1) |
|
18.4 Terms of an assured tenancy |
|
|
233 | (2) |
|
|
233 | (1) |
|
18.4.2 Access for repairs |
|
|
234 | (1) |
|
18.4.3 Assignment and subletting |
|
|
234 | (1) |
|
|
234 | (1) |
|
18.4.5 Rights of subtenants to continuation of their tenancy |
|
|
235 | (1) |
|
18.4.6 Altering the terms of a statutory periodic tenancy |
|
|
235 | (1) |
|
|
235 | (1) |
|
18.5.1 Fixed term tenancies |
|
|
236 | (1) |
|
18.5.2 Periodic tenancies |
|
|
236 | (1) |
|
18.6 Demotion of an assured tenancy |
|
|
236 | (1) |
|
18.7 Assured shorthold tenancies |
|
|
237 | (5) |
|
18.7.1 Assured shorthold tenancies pre-HA 1996 |
|
|
237 | (1) |
|
18.7.2 Assured shorthold tenancies post-HA 1996 |
|
|
238 | (1) |
|
|
238 | (1) |
|
|
238 | (2) |
|
18.7.5 Prescribed information |
|
|
240 | (2) |
|
18.8 Recovery of possession by the landlord |
|
|
242 | (15) |
|
18.8.1 Possession of an assured shorthold tenancy |
|
|
242 | (3) |
|
18.8.2 Possession of an assured tenancy (including ASTs) |
|
|
245 | (1) |
|
18.8.3 Introduction to the grounds for possession |
|
|
246 | (1) |
|
18.8.4 The mandatory grounds for possession |
|
|
246 | (4) |
|
18.8.5 The discretionary grounds for possession |
|
|
250 | (4) |
|
|
254 | (3) |
|
|
257 | (33) |
|
|
257 | (1) |
|
19.2 LHAs, HATS, PRPs and RSLs |
|
|
258 | (1) |
|
|
258 | (4) |
|
19.3.1 The landlord condition |
|
|
258 | (1) |
|
19.3.2 The tenant condition |
|
|
259 | (1) |
|
19.3.3 Introductory tenancies |
|
|
259 | (2) |
|
19.3.4 Secure tenancies under the HPA 2016 |
|
|
261 | (1) |
|
19.3.5 Flexible tenancies |
|
|
261 | (1) |
|
19.4 Statutory exclusions |
|
|
262 | (3) |
|
|
262 | (1) |
|
19.4.2 Introductory tenancies |
|
|
262 | (1) |
|
|
262 | (1) |
|
19.4.4 Tenancies not secure when granted |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
19.4.5 Premises occupied in connection with employment |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
19.4.6 Land acquired for development |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
19.4.8 Family intervention tenancies |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
19.4.9 Accommodation for asylum seekers |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
19.4.10 Accommodation for persons with temporary protection |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
19.4.11 Temporary accommodation for persons taking up employment |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
19.4.12 Short-term arrangements |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
19.4.13 Temporary accommodation during works |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
19.4.14 Agricultural holdings |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
19.4.15 Licensed premises |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
19.4.17 Business tenancies |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
|
265 | (1) |
|
19.5 Terms of the secure tenancy |
|
|
265 | (3) |
|
19.5.1 Assignment and subletting |
|
|
265 | (2) |
|
|
267 | (1) |
|
|
268 | (1) |
|
|
268 | (1) |
|
|
268 | (1) |
|
|
268 | (1) |
|
19.6.1 Fixed term tenancies |
|
|
269 | (1) |
|
19.6.2 Periodic tenancies |
|
|
269 | (1) |
|
19.6.3 Security of tenure under the HPA 2016 |
|
|
269 | (1) |
|
19.7 Demotion of a secure tenancy |
|
|
269 | (2) |
|
19.7.1 Notice requirements |
|
|
270 | (1) |
|
19.7.2 Effect of the demotion |
|
|
270 | (1) |
|
19.7.3 Possession of a demoted tenancy |
|
|
270 | (1) |
|
|
271 | (3) |
|
|
271 | (1) |
|
19.8.2 Persons qualified to succeed |
|
|
271 | (1) |
|
19.8.3 Definition of family |
|
|
272 | (1) |
|
19.8.4 Periodic tenancies |
|
|
272 | (1) |
|
19.8.5 Fixed term tenancies |
|
|
273 | (1) |
|
|
274 | (8) |
|
19.9.1 Grounds 1-8 (order for possession if it is reasonable) |
|
|
274 | (3) |
|
19.9.2 Grounds 9-11 (order for possession if suitable accommodation available) |
|
|
277 | (1) |
|
19.9.3 Grounds 12-16 (order for possession if it is reasonable and suitable accommodation is available) |
|
|
278 | (2) |
|
19.9.4 Suitable alternative accommodation |
|
|
280 | (1) |
|
19.9.5 Grounds upon which the court must order possession |
|
|
281 | (1) |
|
19.9.6 Postponement of possession or suspension of execution |
|
|
281 | (1) |
|
19.9.7 Possession procedure |
|
|
282 | (1) |
|
19.9.8 Disability discrimination |
|
|
282 | (1) |
|
19.9.9 The Human Rights Act 1988 and possession proceedings |
|
|
282 | (1) |
|
|
282 | (4) |
|
19.10.1 Eligibility to exercise right to buy |
|
|
282 | (1) |
|
19.10.2 Right to buy freehold or long leasehold |
|
|
283 | (1) |
|
|
283 | (1) |
|
19.10.4 Exclusions from right to buy |
|
|
284 | (1) |
|
19.10.5 Disqualified secure tenants |
|
|
284 | (1) |
|
19.10.6 Preserved right to buy |
|
|
285 | (1) |
|
19.10.7 Exercise of right to buy |
|
|
285 | (1) |
|
|
285 | (1) |
|
19.11 Right to acquire for tenants of RSLs and PRPs |
|
|
286 | (1) |
|
19.12 Disposals under the right to buy and the right to acquire |
|
|
286 | (4) |
|
19.12.1 Repayment of discount |
|
|
287 | (1) |
|
19.12.2 Relevant disposal |
|
|
287 | (1) |
|
19.12.3 Right of first refusal |
|
|
287 | (3) |
|
20 Protection from eviction and harassment |
|
|
290 | (6) |
|
|
290 | (1) |
|
20.2 Contractual protection |
|
|
290 | (1) |
|
|
290 | (2) |
|
|
290 | (1) |
|
|
291 | (1) |
|
20.3.3 Breach of statutory duty under the PEA 1977 ss. 2 and 3 |
|
|
291 | (1) |
|
20.3.4 Housing Act 1988 ss. 27 and 28 |
|
|
291 | (1) |
|
20.3.5 Protection from Harassment Act 1997 s. 3 |
|
|
292 | (1) |
|
|
292 | (1) |
|
|
292 | (1) |
|
|
292 | (1) |
|
20.4.3 Housing Act 1988 ss. 27 and 28 |
|
|
293 | (1) |
|
20.4.4 Protection from Harassment Act 1997 s. 3 |
|
|
293 | (1) |
|
|
293 | (3) |
|
20.5.1 Protection from Eviction Act 1977 |
|
|
293 | (1) |
|
20.5.2 Criminal Law Act 1977 s. 6(1) |
|
|
294 | (1) |
|
20.5.3 Protection from Harassment Act 1997 |
|
|
294 | (2) |
|
21 Long residential leases |
|
|
296 | (15) |
|
|
296 | (1) |
|
21.2 Management and service charge provisions under long leases |
|
|
296 | (5) |
|
21.2.1 Introduction to management and service charge in long leases |
|
|
296 | (1) |
|
21.2.2 What is a service charge? |
|
|
297 | (1) |
|
21.2.3 What is a dwelling? |
|
|
297 | (1) |
|
21.2.4 Recognised tenants&apos associations |
|
|
297 | (1) |
|
21.2.5 Requirement for reasonableness and consultation |
|
|
297 | (1) |
|
21.2.6 Provision of information |
|
|
298 | (1) |
|
|
299 | (1) |
|
21.2.8 Tenants&apos right to a management audit |
|
|
299 | (1) |
|
21.2.9 Administration charges |
|
|
300 | (1) |
|
21.2.10 Holding of service charge funds |
|
|
300 | (1) |
|
21.2.11 Restrictions on forfeiture for failure to pay service charge |
|
|
300 | (1) |
|
21.2.12 Disputes, the Leasehold Valuation Tribunal and the First Tier Tribunal (Property Chamber) |
|
|
301 | (1) |
|
21.2.13 The RIGS Service Charge Residential Management Code |
|
|
301 | (1) |
|
|
301 | (4) |
|
21.3.1 Appointment of a manager by the Tribunal (Pt II LTA 1987) |
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
21.3.2 Procedure for application to the Tribunal |
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
21.3.3 Acquisition orders (Pt III LTA 1987) |
|
|
303 | (1) |
|
|
303 | (1) |
|
21.3.5 Variation of leases (Pt IV LTA 1987) |
|
|
304 | (1) |
|
21.4 The right to manage (CLRA Ch. 1 of Pt. 2) |
|
|
305 | (6) |
|
|
305 | (1) |
|
|
306 | (1) |
|
21.4.3 Articles of association |
|
|
306 | (1) |
|
21.4.4 Qualifying conditions |
|
|
306 | (1) |
|
21.4.5 Premises excluded from the right to manage |
|
|
306 | (1) |
|
|
307 | (4) |
|
22 Long leases and enfranchisement |
|
|
311 | (18) |
|
|
311 | (1) |
|
22.2 Enfranchisement and human rights |
|
|
311 | (1) |
|
|
312 | (3) |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
|
312 | (1) |
|
22.3.3 The qualifying condition |
|
|
313 | (1) |
|
|
313 | (2) |
|
22.4 Individual enfranchisement for tenants of houses: the Leasehold Reform Act 1967 |
|
|
315 | (4) |
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
|
317 | (2) |
|
22.5 Collective enfranchisement for tenants of flats the Leasehold Reform, Housing and Urban Development Act 1993 |
|
|
319 | (5) |
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
|
319 | (1) |
|
22.5.3 Qualifying tenants |
|
|
320 | (1) |
|
22.5.4 Resident landlords |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
22.5.5 The right to collective enfranchisement |
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
|
321 | (3) |
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
22.7 Right of first refusal under the Landlord and Tenant Act 1987, Part 1 |
|
|
325 | (4) |
|
|
325 | (1) |
|
22.7.2 A relevant disposal |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
22.7.3 Qualifying tenants |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
|
327 | (1) |
|
|
327 | (2) |
|
|
329 | (8) |
|
|
329 | (1) |
|
23.2 Nature of commonhold |
|
|
329 | (1) |
|
23.3 Land which cannot be commonhold |
|
|
330 | (1) |
|
23.4 Registration of commonhold |
|
|
330 | (7) |
|
23.4.1 Occasions for registration of commonhold |
|
|
331 | (1) |
|
|
331 | (1) |
|
23.4.3 Types of registration |
|
|
331 | (1) |
|
23.4.4 Commonhold association |
|
|
332 | (1) |
|
23.4.5 Commonhold community statement (CCS) |
|
|
332 | (1) |
|
23.4.6 Selling or letting a commonhold |
|
|
333 | (1) |
|
23.4.7 Commonhold management |
|
|
333 | (1) |
|
23.4.8 Termination of commonhold |
|
|
333 | (4) |
Glossary |
|
337 | (4) |
Index |
|
341 | |