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1 | (16) |
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1 | (2) |
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1.2 How VoIP Works and Factors That Affect Quality |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (5) |
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4 | (1) |
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5 | (2) |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (3) |
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1.5 VoIP Protocol Stack and the Scope of the Book |
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12 | (2) |
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14 | (3) |
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17 | (36) |
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17 | (1) |
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2.2 Speech Compression Basics |
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18 | (7) |
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2.2.1 Speech Signal Digitisation |
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18 | (3) |
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2.2.2 Speech Waveform and Spectrum |
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21 | (2) |
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2.2.3 How Is Human Speech Produced? |
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23 | (2) |
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2.3 Speech Compression and Coding Techniques |
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25 | (11) |
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2.3.1 Waveform Compression Coding |
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26 | (2) |
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2.3.2 Parametric Compression Coding |
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28 | (3) |
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2.3.3 Hybrid Compression Coding---Analysis-by-Synthesis |
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31 | (4) |
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2.3.4 Narrowband to Fullband Speech Audio Compression |
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35 | (1) |
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2.4 Standardised Narrowband to Fullband Speech/Audio Codecs |
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36 | (9) |
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2.4.1 ITU-T G.711 PCM and G.711.1 PCM-WB |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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2.4.3 ITU-T G.728 LD-CELP |
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38 | (1) |
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2.4.4 ITU-T G.729 CS-ACELP |
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38 | (1) |
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2.4.5 ITU-T G.723.1 MP-MLQ/ACELP |
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39 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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2.4.10 ITU-T G.722 ADPCM-WB |
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42 | (1) |
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2.4.11 ITU-T G.722.1 Transform Coding |
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43 | (1) |
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2.4.12 ETSI AMR-WB and 1TU-T G.722.2 |
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44 | (1) |
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2.4.13 ITU-T G.719 Fullband Audio Coding |
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44 | (1) |
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2.4.14 Summary of Narrowband to Fullband Speech Codecs |
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45 | (1) |
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2.5 Illustrative Worked Examples |
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45 | (3) |
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45 | (2) |
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47 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (4) |
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53 | (20) |
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3.1 Introduction to Video Compression |
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53 | (2) |
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3.2 Video Compression Basics |
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55 | (3) |
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3.2.1 Digital Image and Video Colour Components |
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55 | (1) |
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3.2.2 Colour Sub-sampling |
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56 | (1) |
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3.2.3 Video Resolution and Bandwidth Requirement |
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57 | (1) |
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3.3 Video Compression Techniques |
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58 | (1) |
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3.4 Lossless Video Compression |
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58 | (1) |
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3.5 Lossy Video Compression |
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59 | (4) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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3.6 Video Coding Standards |
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63 | (6) |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (3) |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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3.6.7 Highly Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) |
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69 | (1) |
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3.7 Illustrative Worked Examples |
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69 | (2) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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4 Media Transport for VoIP |
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73 | (28) |
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4.1 Media Transport over IP Networks |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (2) |
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4.3 Real-Time Transport Protocol---RTP |
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76 | (12) |
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76 | (2) |
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4.3.2 RTP Header for Voice Call Based on Wireshark |
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78 | (2) |
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4.3.3 RTP Payload and Bandwidth Calculation for VoIP |
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80 | (3) |
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4.3.4 Illustrative Worked Example |
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83 | (1) |
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4.3.5 RTP Header for Video Call Based on Wireshark |
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84 | (4) |
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4.4 RTP Control Protocol---RTCP |
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88 | (8) |
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4.4.1 RTCP Sender Report and Example |
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89 | (2) |
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4.4.2 RTCP Receiver Report and Example |
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91 | (1) |
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4.4.3 RTCP Source Description and Example |
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92 | (2) |
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4.4.4 RTCP BYE Packet and Example |
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94 | (1) |
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4.4.5 Extended RTCP Report---RTCP XR for VoIP Metrics |
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95 | (1) |
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4.5 Compressed RTP---cRTP |
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96 | (2) |
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4.5.1 Basic Concept of Compressed RTP---cRTP |
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96 | (2) |
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4.5.2 Illustrative Worked Example |
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98 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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99 | (2) |
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101 | (22) |
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5.1 What is Session Initiation Protocol? |
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101 | (5) |
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5.1.1 SIP Network Elements |
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102 | (1) |
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103 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (1) |
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5.2 SIP Protocol Structure |
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106 | (7) |
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107 | (6) |
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5.3 Session Descriptions Protocol |
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113 | (4) |
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5.3.1 Session Description |
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114 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (1) |
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5.3.5 Example of SDP Message from Wireshark |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (3) |
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5.4.1 Session Establishment |
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118 | (2) |
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120 | (1) |
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120 | (3) |
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6 VoIP Quality of Experience (QoE) |
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123 | (40) |
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6.1 Concept of Quality of Service (QoS) |
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123 | (12) |
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6.1.1 What is Quality of Service (QoS)? |
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123 | (1) |
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6.1.2 QoS Metrics and Measurements |
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124 | (1) |
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6.1.3 Network Packet Loss and Its Characteristics |
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125 | (5) |
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6.1.4 Delay, Delay Variation (Jitter) and Its Characteristics |
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130 | (5) |
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6.2 Quality of Experience (QoE) for VoIP |
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135 | (3) |
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6.2.1 What is Quality of Experience (QoE)? |
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135 | (1) |
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6.2.2 Factors Affect Voice Quality in VoIP |
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136 | (1) |
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6.2.3 Overview of QoE for Voice and Video over IP |
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137 | (1) |
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6.3 Subjective Speech Quality Assessment |
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138 | (3) |
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6.4 Objective Speech Quality Assessment |
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141 | (7) |
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6.4.1 Comparison-Based Intrusive Objective Test (Full-Reference Model) |
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141 | (4) |
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6.4.2 Parameter-Based Measurement: E-Model |
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145 | (2) |
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6.4.3 A Simplified and Applicable E-Model |
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147 | (1) |
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6.5 Subjective Video Quality Assessment |
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148 | (2) |
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6.6 Objective Video Quality Assessment |
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150 | (5) |
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6.6.1 Full-Reference (FR) Video Quality Assessment |
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150 | (3) |
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6.6.2 Reduced-Reference (RR) Video Quality Assessment |
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153 | (1) |
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6.6.3 No-Reference Video Quality Assessment |
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154 | (1) |
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6.7 Illustrative Worked Examples |
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155 | (3) |
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155 | (1) |
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156 | (1) |
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157 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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159 | (4) |
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163 | (30) |
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7.1 What Is IP Multimedia Subsystem? |
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163 | (14) |
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7.1.1 What Do We Need IMS for? |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (3) |
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167 | (6) |
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173 | (1) |
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7.1.5 IMS Signalling and Bearer Traffic Interfaces |
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174 | (3) |
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7.2 Mobile Access Networks |
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177 | (11) |
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178 | (1) |
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179 | (2) |
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181 | (5) |
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7.2.4 Long-Term Evolution |
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186 | (2) |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (4) |
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8 Case Study 1---Building Up a VoIP System Based on Asterisk |
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193 | (22) |
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193 | (4) |
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194 | (1) |
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8.1.2 Codec Translator Modules |
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194 | (1) |
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8.1.3 Application Modules |
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195 | (1) |
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8.1.4 File Format Modules |
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195 | (1) |
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8.1.5 Installing Asterisk |
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196 | (1) |
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197 | (4) |
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197 | (4) |
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8.3 Voice and Video Injection Tools |
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201 | (2) |
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8.3.1 Manycam Video Injection Tool |
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201 | (1) |
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8.3.2 Virtual Audio Cable Injection Tool |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (2) |
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205 | (1) |
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8.6 Configuring Dial Plans |
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206 | (1) |
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8.7 Configuring DAHDI Channels |
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207 | (1) |
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8.8 Starting and Stopping Asterisk |
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208 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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8.10 Making Voice Calls Between SIP Phones |
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209 | (2) |
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8.11 Making Video Calls Between SIP Phones |
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211 | (1) |
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8.12 Making Voice Calls Between SIP and Analogue Phones |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (3) |
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9 Case Study 2---VoIP Quality Analysis and Assessment |
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215 | (22) |
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215 | (7) |
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9.1.1 Live Capture and Offline Analysis |
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215 | (1) |
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9.1.2 Three-Pane Packet Browser |
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216 | (2) |
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218 | (4) |
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9.2 Wireshark Familiarization |
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222 | (1) |
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9.3 Introduction to Netem and tc Commands |
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223 | (2) |
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224 | (1) |
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9.3.2 Changing and Deleting qdisc |
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224 | (1) |
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225 | (1) |
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225 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (3) |
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227 | (3) |
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230 | (2) |
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230 | (2) |
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9.8 VoIP Quality Assessment: Packet Losses |
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232 | (1) |
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232 | (1) |
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9.9 VoIP Quality Assessment: Delay Variation |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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234 | (3) |
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10 Case Study 3---Mobile VoIP Applications and IMS |
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237 | (28) |
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10.1 What Is Open Source IMS Core |
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237 | (9) |
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10.1.1 The Main Features of OSIMS Core P-CSCF |
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238 | (1) |
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10.1.2 The Main Features of OSIMS Core I-CSCF |
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239 | (1) |
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10.1.3 The Main Features of OSIMS Core S-CSCF |
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240 | (1) |
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10.1.4 The Main Features of OSIMS Core FHoSS |
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241 | (1) |
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10.1.5 Installation and Configuration of OSIMS Core |
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242 | (4) |
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246 | (7) |
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10.2.1 Android Smart Phone Market Share |
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248 | (1) |
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10.2.2 Android Architecture |
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248 | (1) |
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10.2.3 The History of Android |
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249 | (1) |
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10.2.4 IMSDroid IMS Client |
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250 | (3) |
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253 | (7) |
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10.3.1 Configuring IMSDroid |
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254 | (1) |
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10.3.2 Adding OSIMS Core Subscribers |
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255 | (5) |
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10.4 Making Voice and Video Calls |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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261 | (4) |
Index |
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265 | |