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E-raamat: H.264 Advanced Video Compression Standard

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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 24-Aug-2011
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119965305
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H.264 Advanced Video Compression StandardSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 24-Aug-2011
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119965305
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H.264 Advanced Video Coding or MPEG-4 Part 10 is fundamental to a growing range of markets such as high definition broadcasting, internet video sharing, mobile video and digital surveillance. This second edition of the H.264 Advanced Video Compression Standard reflects the growing importance and implementation of H. 264 video technology. Offering a detailed overview of the system, it explains the syntax, tools and features of H.264 and equips readers with practical advice on how to get the most out of the standard.( This book) unravels the mysteries behind the latest H.264 standard and delves deeper into each of the operations in the codec. The reader can implement (simulate, design, evaluate, optimize) the codec with all profiles and levels. The book ends with extensions and directions (such as SVC and MVC) for further research. Professor R. Rao, The University of Texas at Arlington, Co-Inventor of the Discrete Cosine Transform H.264 Advanced Video Coding or MPEG-4 Part 10 is fundamental to a growing range of markets such as high definition broadcasting, internet video sharing, mobile video and digital surveillance. This book reflects the growing importance and implementation of H.264 video technology. Offering a detailed overview of the system, it explains the syntax, tools and features of H.264 and equips readers with practical advice on how to get the most out of the standard. Packed with clear examples and illustrations to explain H.264 technology in an accessible and practical way. Covers basic video coding concepts, video formats and visual quality. Explains how to measure and optimise the performance of H.264 and how to balance bitrate, computation and video quality. Analyses recent work on scalable and multi-view versions of H.264, case studies of H.264 codecs and new technological developments such as the popular High Profile extensions. An invaluable companion for developers, broadcasters, system integrators, academics and students who want to master this burgeoning state-of-the-art technology. ( This book) unravels the mysteries behind the latest H.264 standard and delves deeper into each of the operations in the codec. The reader can implement (simulate, design, evaluate, optimize) the codec with all profiles and levels. The book ends with extensions and directions (such as SVC and MVC) for further research.  Professor K. R. Rao, The University of Texas at Arlington, co-inventor of the Discrete Cosine Transform
About the Author xiii
Preface xv
Glossary xvii
List of Figures
xxi
List of Tables
xxix
1 Introduction
1(6)
1.1 A change of scene
1(1)
1.2 Driving the change
1(3)
1.3 The role of standards
4(1)
1.4 Why H.264 Advanced Video Coding is important
4(1)
1.5 About this book
5(1)
1.6 Reference
6(1)
2 Video formats and quality
7(18)
2.1 Introduction
7(1)
2.2 Natural video scenes
7(1)
2.3 Capture
8(4)
2.3.1 Spatial sampling
9(1)
2.3.2 Temporal sampling
9(2)
2.3.3 Frames and fields
11(1)
2.4 Colour spaces
12(4)
2.4.1 RGB
12(1)
2.4.2 YCrCb
13(1)
2.4.3 YCrCb sampling formats
14(2)
2.5 Video formats
16(3)
2.5.1 Intermediate formats
16(1)
2.5.2 Standard Definition
17(1)
2.5.3 High Definition
18(1)
2.6 Quality
19(5)
2.6.1 Subjective quality measurement
20(1)
2.6.2 Objective quality measurement
21(3)
2.7 Summary
24(1)
2.8 References
24(1)
3 Video coding concepts
25(56)
3.1 Introduction
25(1)
3.2 Video CODEC
26(2)
3.3 Prediction model
28(12)
3.3.1 Temporal prediction
28(10)
3.3.2 Spatial model: intra prediction
38(2)
3.4 Image model
40(17)
3.4.1 Predictive image coding
41(1)
3.4.2 Transform coding
42(8)
3.4.3 Quantization
50(2)
3.4.4 Reordering and zero encoding
52(5)
3.5 Entropy coder
57(11)
3.5.1 Predictive coding
57(1)
3.5.2 Variable-length coding
58(7)
3.5.3 Arithmetic coding
65(3)
3.6 The hybrid DPCM/DCT video CODEC model
68(11)
3.7 Summary
79(1)
3.8 References
79(2)
4 What is H.264?
81(18)
4.1 Introduction
81(1)
4.2 What is H.264?
81(2)
4.2.1 A video compression format
81(1)
4.2.2 An industry standard
82(1)
4.2.3 A toolkit for video compression
83(1)
4.2.4 Better video compression
83(1)
4.3 How does an H.264 codec work?
83(8)
4.3.1 Encoder processes
85(4)
4.3.2 Decoder processes
89(2)
4.4 The H.264/AVC Standard
91(1)
4.5 H.264 Profiles and Levels
92(2)
4.6 The H.264 Syntax
94(3)
4.7 H.264 in practice
97(1)
4.7.1 Performance
97(1)
4.7.2 Applications
98(1)
4.8 Summary
98(1)
4.9 References
98(1)
5 H.264 syntax
99(38)
5.1 Introduction
99(1)
5.1.1 A note about syntax examples
99(1)
5.2 H.264 syntax
100(1)
5.3 Frames, fields and pictures
101(13)
5.3.1 Decoding order
104(1)
5.3.2 Display order
104(2)
5.3.3 Reference picture lists
106(5)
5.3.4 Frame and field coding
111(3)
5.4 NAL unit
114(1)
5.5 Parameter Sets
115(2)
5.6 Slice layer
117(2)
5.6.1 Slice types
117(1)
5.6.2 Slice header
117(1)
5.6.3 Slice data
118(1)
5.7 Macroblock layer
119(15)
5.7.1 Overview
119(2)
5.7.2 The INtra PCM mode
121(1)
5.7.3 Macroblock prediction
122(2)
5.7.4 Residual data
124(3)
5.7.5 Macroblock syntax examples
127(7)
5.8 Summary
134(1)
References
135(2)
6 H.264 Prediction
137(42)
6.1 Introduction
137(1)
6.2 Macroblock prediction
137(1)
6.3 Intra prediction
138(11)
6.3.1 4 × 4 luma prediction modes
143(3)
6.3.2 16 × 16 luma prediction modes
146(1)
6.3.3 Chroma prediction modes
147(1)
6.3.4 8 x 8 luma prediction, High profiles
148(1)
6.3.5 Signalling intra prediction modes
148(1)
6.4 Inter prediction
149(22)
6.4.1 Reference pictures
151(1)
6.4.2 Interpolating reference pictures
152(5)
6.4.3 Macroblock prediction
157(5)
6.4.4 Motion vector prediction
162(1)
6.4.5 Motion compensated prediction
162(2)
6.4.6 Inyter prediction examples
164(5)
6.4.7 Prediction structures
169(2)
6.5 Loop filter
171(6)
6.5.1 Boundary strength
172(1)
6.5.2 Filter dicision
173(1)
6.5.3 Filter implementation
174(1)
6.5.4 Loop filter example
174(3)
6.6 Summary
177(1)
6.7 References
177(2)
7 H.264 transform and coding
179(44)
7.1 Introduction
179(1)
7.2 Transform and quantization
179(27)
7.2.1 The H.364 transforms
179(1)
7.2.2 Trasnform processes
180(5)
7.2.3 Tnteger transform and quanitzation: 4 x 4 blocks
185(13)
7.2.4 Interger transform and quantization: 8 x 8 blocks
198(5)
7.2.5 DC transforms
203(1)
7.2.6 Transform and quantization extensions in the High profiles
204(2)
7.3 Block scan orders
206(2)
7.4 Coding
208(12)
7.4.1 Exp-Golomb Coding
208(2)
7.4.2 Context Adaptive Variable Length Coding, CAVLC
210(7)
7.4.3 Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding, CABAC
217(3)
7.5 Summary
220(1)
7.6 References
221(2)
8 H.264 conformance, Transport and licensing
223(32)
8.1 Introduction
223(1)
8.2 Conforming to the Standard
223(14)
8.2.1 Profiles
224(2)
8.2.2 Levels
226(4)
8.2.3 Hypthetical Reference Decoder
230(6)
8.2.4 Conformance testing
236(1)
8.3 H.264 coding tools for transport support
237(7)
8.3.1 Redundant slices
237(1)
8.3.2 Arbitrary Slice Order (ASO)
238(1)
8.2.3 Slice Groups/Flexible Macroblock Order (FMO)
238(2)
8.3.4 SP and SI slices
240(3)
8.3.5 Data partitioned slices
243(1)
8.4 Transport of H.264 data
244(4)
8.4.1 Encapsulation in RBSPs, NALUs and packets
244(1)
8.4.2 Transport protocols
245(2)
8.4.3 File formats
247(1)
8.4.4 Coding and transport issues
247(1)
8.5 Supplemental Information
248(1)
8.5.1 Supplemental Enhancement Information (SEI)
248(1)
8.5.2 Video Usability Information (VUI)
248(1)
8.6 Licensing H.264/AVC
248(5)
8.6.1 Video coding patents
250(2)
8.6.2 Video coding standards and patents
252(1)
8.6.3 Licensing H.264/AVC patents
252(1)
8.7 Summary
253(1)
8.8 References
253(2)
9 H.264 performance
255(32)
9.1 Introduction
255(1)
9.2 Experimenting with H.264
256(9)
9.2.1 The JM Reference Software
256(5)
9.2.2 Other software encoders/decoders
261(2)
9.2.3 H.264 stream analysis
263(2)
9.3 Performance comparisons
265(9)
9.3.1 Performance criteria
265(1)
9.3.2 Performance examples: Foreman sequence, QCIF resolution
265(4)
9.3.3 Performance examples: Forman and Container sequences
269(2)
9.3.4 Performance examples: Inter prediction structures
271(2)
9.3.5 Performance examples: H.264 vs. MPEG-4 Visual
273(1)
9.4 Rate control
274(5)
9.4.1 Rate control in the JM reference encoder
276(3)
9.5 Mode selection
279(4)
9.5.1 Rate Distortion Optimized mode selection
281(2)
9.6 Low complexity coding
283(2)
Approximating the cost function
283(1)
9.6.2 Reducing the set of tested modes
284(1)
9.6.3 Early termination
285(1)
9.7 Summary
285(1)
9.8 References
285(2)
10 Extensions and directions
287(26)
10.1 Introduction
287(1)
10.2 Scalable Video Coding
288(14)
10.2.1 Simulcast transmission
288(1)
10.2.2 Scalable transmission
289(1)
10.2.3 Applications of Scalable Video Coding
290(1)
10.2.4 Scalable video Coding in H.264
290(2)
10.2.5 Temporal scalability
292(2)
10.2.6 Quality scalability: overview
294(1)
10.2.7 Spatial scalability: overview
294(1)
10.2.8 Spatial scalability in detail
294(4)
10.2.9 Quality scalibility in detail
298(1)
10.2.10 Combined scalability
299(1)
10.2.11 SVC performance
299(3)
10.3 Multiview Video Coding
302(4)
10.3.1 H.264 Multiview Video Coding
304(2)
10.4 Configurable Video Coding
306(4)
10.4.1 MPEG Reconfigurable Video Coding
307(1)
10.4.2 Fully Configurable Video Coding
308(2)
10.5 Beyond H.264/AVC
310(1)
10.6 Summary
310(1)
10.7 References
311(2)
Index 313
Iain Edward Richardson, The Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen Dr Iain Richardson is currently a Reader in video communications and also a Lecturer in digital communications, computer networks and digital electronics in the School of Engineering at the Robert Gordon University. His research interests include video compression and transport and multimedia networking. Dr Richardson is an experienced author, having written the books H.264 and MPEG-4 Video Compression: Video Coding for Next-generation Multimedia (Wiley, 2003), and over 40 conference and journal papers. He has also been working on the development of video compression systems since 1993, and now is a convener for the Image Communication Technology Research Group, at the Robert Gordon University.
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