List of Contributors |
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xi | |
Foreword |
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xiii | |
Endorsements |
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xv | |
Part I Tools For Quantifying Vascular Motion |
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3 | (2) |
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Absence of Evidence is Not Evidence of Absence |
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5 | (1) |
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Importance of Vascular Motion |
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6 | (1) |
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2 Deciding What Vascular Motions You Need |
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Function and Accommodation |
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7 | (2) |
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Indication and Patient Population |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (2) |
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12 | (2) |
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Musculoskeletal Influences |
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14 | (2) |
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Body Position and Gravity |
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16 | (2) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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3 Medical Imaging Modalities and Protocols |
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Medical Imaging Modalities |
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23 | (8) |
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31 | (3) |
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Imaging Based on Type of Motion |
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34 | (2) |
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Imaging Based on Timescale and Periodicity |
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36 | (4) |
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Medical Imaging Protocols |
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40 | (3) |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (3) |
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4 Geometric Modeling of Vasculature |
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Imaging Processing Software |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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Image Segmentation and Editing |
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48 | (5) |
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53 | (4) |
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Optimization of Geometric Modeling |
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57 | (3) |
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Identifying Branch Vessel Ostia |
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60 | (2) |
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62 | (2) |
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64 | (2) |
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66 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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5 Quantifying Vascular Deformations |
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Defining and Utilizing Fiducial Markers |
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67 | (2) |
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Cross-Sectional Deformation |
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69 | (3) |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (4) |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (4) |
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Surface Curvature Deformation |
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81 | (2) |
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83 | (1) |
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83 | (4) |
Part II How The Blood Vessels Move |
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6 Coronary Arteries and Heart |
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87 | (1) |
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Coronary Artery Cross-Sectional Deformations |
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88 | (4) |
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Coronary Artery Axial, Bending, Twisting, and Bifurcation Angle Deformations |
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92 | (11) |
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103 | (1) |
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Direct Measurement of Myocardial Motion and Deformation |
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104 | (5) |
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Myocardial Deformation Estimated From Coronary Artery Motion |
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109 | (1) |
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Aortic Valve Motion and Deformation |
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110 | (4) |
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114 | (1) |
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114 | (3) |
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7 Arteries of the Head and Neck |
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117 | (2) |
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Carotid Artery Motion from Cardiac Pulsatility |
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119 | (6) |
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Carotid Artery Motion from Musculoskeletal Movement with and without Medical Devices |
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125 | (4) |
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Vertebrobasilar Artery Anatomy |
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129 | (2) |
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Vertebrobasilar Artery Motion from Natural Musculoskeletal Movement |
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131 | (2) |
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Vertebrobasilar Artery Motion from Manipulation |
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133 | (1) |
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Vertebrobasilar Artery Motion Due to Medical Devices |
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134 | (1) |
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135 | (1) |
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135 | (4) |
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8 Thoracic Aorta and Supra-Aortic Arch Branches |
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Anatomy of Thoracic Aorta |
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139 | (2) |
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Geometric Analysis Methods |
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141 | (2) |
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Pathologies of the Thoracic Aorta |
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143 | (2) |
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Thoracic Aortic Deformations |
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145 | (11) |
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Pathologies of the Aortic Arch and Supra-Aortic Arch Branches |
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156 | (2) |
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Supra-Aortic Arch Branch Vessel Deformations |
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158 | (2) |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (5) |
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9 Abdominal Aorta and Renovisceral Arteries |
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Anatomy of Abdominal Aorta |
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165 | (1) |
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Geometric Analysis Methods |
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166 | (2) |
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Pathologies of the Abdominal Aorta |
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168 | (3) |
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Abdominal Aortic Deformations |
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171 | (6) |
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Pathologies of the Renovisceral Arteries |
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177 | (2) |
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Renovisceral Artery Deformations |
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179 | (8) |
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187 | (1) |
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187 | (4) |
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10 Lower Extremity Arteries |
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191 | (9) |
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200 | (18) |
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218 | (3) |
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221 | (1) |
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222 | (4) |
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11 Veins of the Upper Body |
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Upper Body Venous Anatomy |
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226 | (2) |
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Changes in Venous Anatomy with Posture |
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228 | (2) |
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Respiration and Its Effects on Venous Caliber |
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230 | (3) |
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PathologiCal Conditions and Venous Devices |
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233 | (3) |
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Central Line Movements with Respiration and Postural Change |
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236 | (2) |
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Deep Versus Superficial Fixation and the Effects of Body Habitus |
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238 | (1) |
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Complications of Device Placement |
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239 | (2) |
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Upper Limb Deep Venous Thrombosis |
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241 | (1) |
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Challenges of Vascular Access for Renal Replacement Therapies |
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242 | (2) |
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244 | (1) |
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244 | (3) |
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12 Inferior Vena Cava and Lower Extremity Veins |
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247 | (3) |
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Inferior Vena Cava and Renal Veins |
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250 | (8) |
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258 | (7) |
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265 | (5) |
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270 | (1) |
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270 | (5) |
Part III Utilizing Vascular Motion Data And Implications |
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13 Developing Boundary Conditions for Device Design and Durability Evaluation |
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Choosing Deformation Metrics |
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275 | (2) |
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277 | (2) |
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279 | (7) |
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Number and Frequency of Cycles |
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286 | (1) |
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287 | (1) |
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288 | (1) |
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288 | (3) |
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14 Device Design and Computational Simulation |
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Since the Dawn of Stent Engineering |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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The Product Development Process |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (1) |
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294 | (1) |
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295 | (1) |
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296 | (4) |
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300 | (1) |
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Design Control and Engineering Specifications |
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300 | (3) |
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303 | (1) |
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304 | (3) |
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307 | (3) |
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310 | (1) |
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311 | (1) |
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312 | (2) |
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15 Evaluation of Mechanical Fatigue and Durability |
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Principles of Fatigue and Durability Assessment |
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314 | (1) |
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Cardiovascular Implant Analysis and Testing Methods |
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315 | (2) |
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Case Study 1: Balloon-Expandable Stent |
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317 | (4) |
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Case Study 2: Nitinol Self-Expanding Stent |
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321 | (8) |
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Case Study 3: Structural Heart Implant Device |
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329 | (3) |
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332 | (1) |
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333 | (5) |
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16 Clinical Implications of Vascular Motion |
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Clinical Consequences of Coronary Stent Fracture |
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338 | (1) |
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Clinical Consequences of Lower Extremity Artery Stent Fracture |
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339 | (1) |
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Clinical Consequences of Early Aortic Endograft Failures |
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340 | (3) |
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New Endografts: Are We Reliving Past Problems? |
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343 | (1) |
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Postimplantation Surveillance for Device Failure |
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344 | (3) |
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347 | (1) |
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347 | (5) |
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17 Product Development and Business Implications |
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The Endurant Evo Experience |
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352 | (5) |
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357 | (3) |
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Coordination of R&D and Sales Rollout |
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360 | (2) |
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Surprises with Early Endovascular Aortic Repair |
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362 | (3) |
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The Zilver PTX Experience |
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365 | (4) |
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Improving Stent Performance |
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369 | (2) |
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371 | (1) |
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372 | (1) |
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18 Conclusion and Future Directions |
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Vasculature Mobility Is Important |
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373 | (1) |
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Fractures Do Not Equal Failures |
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374 | (2) |
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Vascular Deformations Beyond Mechanical Durability Testing |
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376 | (2) |
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Improving Mechanical Durability in a Pinch |
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378 | (2) |
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380 | (1) |
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380 | (1) |
Acknowledgments |
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381 | (2) |
About the Author |
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383 | (2) |
Index |
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385 | |