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E-raamat: Heavy Ion Reactions at Low Energies

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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Sari: Lecture Notes in Physics 963
  • Ilmumisaeg: 20-Nov-2019
  • Kirjastus: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783030272173
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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Sari: Lecture Notes in Physics 963
  • Ilmumisaeg: 20-Nov-2019
  • Kirjastus: Springer Nature Switzerland AG
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783030272173

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This book is based on Valery Zagrebaev's original papers and lecture materials on nuclear physics with heavy ions, which he prepared and extended through many years for the students of nuclear physics specialties.


Th? book outlines the main experimental facts on nuclear reactions involving heavy ions at low energies. It focuses on discussions of nuclear physics processes that are a subject of active, modern research and it gives illustrative explanations of these phenomena in the framework of up-to-date theoretical concepts.


This textbook is intended for students in physics who have completed a standard course of quantum mechanics and have basic ideas of nuclear physics processes.

It is designed as a kind of lifeboat that, at the end of the course, will allow students to navigate the modern scientific literature and to understand the goals and objectives of current, on-going research.
1 Introduction 1(8)
2 Nuclear Interactions and Classes of Nuclear Reaction 9(20)
2.1 Nucleon-Nucleon and Nucleon-Nucleus Interactions, Nuclear Mean Field
9(4)
2.2 Nucleus-Nucleus Interaction: Folding and Phenomenological Potentials
13(9)
2.2.1 Folding Potentials
14(2)
2.2.2 Woods-Saxon Potential
16(1)
2.2.3 Proximity Potential
17(1)
2.2.4 Bass Potential
18(1)
2.2.5 Comparison of Diabatic Potentials for the Nucleus-Nucleus Interaction
19(1)
2.2.6 Dependence of Potential Energy on Nuclear Orientation
19(2)
2.2.7 Dependence of Potential Energy on Dynamical Deformations
21(1)
2.3 Classification of Nuclear Reactions, Experimental Procedures, Cross Sections, and Kinematics
22(7)
3 Elastic Scattering of Nucleons and Heavy Ions 29(22)
3.1 Scattering in a Coulomb Field
29(3)
3.2 Elastic Scattering of Protons and Neutrons: Optical Model
32(5)
3.3 Elastic Scattering of Light Ions
37(2)
3.4 Applicability of Classical Mechanics and Trajectory Analyses
39(3)
3.5 Nuclear Rainbow and Diffraction Scattering
42(7)
3.6 Elastic Scattering of Heavy Ions
49(2)
4 Quasi-Elastic Scattering of Heavy Ions and Few-Nucleon Transfer Reactions 51(18)
4.1 Direct Process of Light-Particle Transfer
52(1)
4.2 Distorted-Wave Description of Direct Reactions
53(2)
4.3 Single-Particle States and Cluster States, Spectroscopic Factors
55(2)
4.4 Inelastic Excitation of Vibrational and Rotational States
57(3)
4.5 Quasi-Elastic Scattering of Heavy Ions
60(5)
4.6 Reactions of Few-Nucleon Transfer
65(4)
5 Deep-Inelastic Scattering of Nuclei 69(30)
5.1 Experimental Systematics of Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Quasi-Fission
70(5)
5.2 Potential Energy of Heavy Nuclear Systems, Diabatic and Adiabatic Driving Potentials
75(5)
5.2.1 Nucleon Transfer and Driving Potentials
75(1)
5.2.2 Macro-Microscopic Model and the Adiabatic Potential Energy
76(4)
5.3 Transport Equations for Deep-Inelastic Nuclear Collisions: Frictional Forces
80(5)
5.4 Calculation of Deep-Inelastic Cross Sections
85(2)
5.5 Analysis of Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Quasi-Fission
87(4)
5.6 Multi-Nucleon Transfer Reactions: Synthesis of Heavy Neutron-Rich Nuclei
91(8)
6 Fusion of Atomic Nuclei 99(46)
6.1 Detecting Fission Fragments and Evaporation Residues from the Compound Nucleus
100(2)
6.2 Statistical Model for the Decay of an Excited Nucleus
102(7)
6.3 Fusion at Above-Barrier Energies
109(2)
6.4 Sub-barrier Fusion: Hill-Wheeler Formula
111(2)
6.5 Coupled Channels: Empirical and Quantum Description of Fusion
113(5)
6.6 Barrier Distribution Function
118(1)
6.7 Neutron Transfer in the Process of Sub-barrier Fusion
119(6)
6.8 Synthesis of Superheavy Elements in Fusion Reactions
125(14)
6.9 Radiative Capture of Light Nuclei
139(6)
References 145
Valery Zagrebaev (1950-2015) was a doctor of physical and mathematical sciences, full professor, deputy director of the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna - Russia). He was a world-famous scientist, a well-known specialist in the field of low-energy nuclear physics. He had authored more than 150 scientific articles published in mainstream journals dedicated to nuclear physics such as European Physical Journal A, Physical Review C, Journal of Physics G, and Nuclear Physics A. This book is based on the authors original works and lectures on the physics of nuclear reactions with heavy ions, which he taught for many years to senior students of nuclear physics specialties.



Andrey Denikin is a scientific researcher at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna (Russia). He obtained his PhD in nuclear physics from Saint-Petersburg university in 2002 and habilitated in 2003. Since 2008, he leads a group for theoretical and computational physics at JINR. He has published more than 50 peer-reviewed articles in international journals. His work mainly involves theoretical studies of the dynamics of nuclear collisions within semi-classical and quantum mechanical approaches and applications to the nuclear reactions with heavy ions and light exotic nuclei. He was one of the initiators and developers of the unique web-based project "Low energy nuclear knowledge-base NRV". His work includes a significant portion of educational activities. Since 2004, he is an associated professor at the Department of Nuclear Physics at Dubna State University, where he later became Dean of the natural and engineering science faculty, and then Vice-Rector of the University.



Alexander Karpov got his doctor of physical and mathematical sciences degree from the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (Dubna) where he works as a scientific secretary of the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions. His research is focused on analysis of low-energy nuclear reactions leading, in particular, to formation and decay of heavy and superheavy nuclei.

Neil Rowley is Emeritus Director of Research at the Institut de Physique Nucléaire, Orsay (France). He obtained his PhD in 1973 in the Department of Theoretical Physics at the University of Oxford. After a period as Principal Scientific Officer at the SERC Daresbury Laboratory in the UK, he was appointed Scientific Director for Nuclear Physics at the Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien in Strasbourg in 1996. During his time in Strasbourg he was a member of the Programme Advisory Committee at the Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Italy and at the iThemba LABS in Faure, South Africa, and was chairman of the Scientific Advisory Committee at the JointInstitute for Nuclear Research (JINR) in Dubna, Russia, where he holds an Honorary Doctorate. He has published over 200 scientific papers and conference contributions on a wide range of nuclear physics topics, stemming mainly from international collaborations on the study of reactions between colliding heavy nuclei. In particular, he is responsible for the concept of an "Experimental fusion barrier distribution", which has been widely used in the interpretation of new experimental data by groups in many laboratories across the world.