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E-raamat: Heritage Languages: A language contact approach

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(Tilburg University), (Radboud University Nijmegen), (University of Amsterdam)
  • Formaat: 322 pages
  • Sari: Studies in Bilingualism 58
  • Ilmumisaeg: 28-Nov-2019
  • Kirjastus: John Benjamins Publishing Co
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789027261762
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Heritage Languages: A language contact approachSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 322 pages
  • Sari: Studies in Bilingualism 58
  • Ilmumisaeg: 28-Nov-2019
  • Kirjastus: John Benjamins Publishing Co
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789027261762
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"Heritage languages, such as the Turkish varieties spoken in Berlin or the Spanish used in Los Angeles, are non-dominant languages, often with little prestige. Their speakers also speak the dominant language of the country they live in. Often heritage languages undergo changes due to their special status. They have received a lot of scholarly attention and provide a link between academic concerns and educational issues. This book takes a language contact perspective: we consider heritage languages from the perspective of their history, their structural properties, and their interaction with other surrounding languages"--

Heritage languages, such as the Turkish varieties spoken in Berlin or the Spanish used in Los Angeles, are non-dominant languages, often with little prestige. Their speakers also speak the dominant language of the country they live in. Often heritage languages undergo changes due to their special status. They have received a lot of scholarly attention and provide a link between academic concerns and educational issues. This book takes a language contact perspective: we consider heritage languages from the perspective of their history, their structural properties, and their interaction with other surrounding languages.

Arvustused

Aalberse, Backus & Muysken provide a very informative, well researched dive into the field of heritage language through the lens of language contact. The concrete examples of understudied languages taken from recorded language corpora as well as the global perspective of the research makes this an especially distinctive work. This book will make a great addition to anyone interested in heritage languages and their speakers and language contact phenomena. -- Tyler Kimball Anderson, Colorado Mesa University, on Linguist List 31.3392 (4 November 2020)

List of tables
xi
List of figures
xiii
List of abbreviations and grammatical glosses
xv
Preface xvii
Chapter 1 Heritage speakers and heritage languages
1(22)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Characterizing heritage speakers
2(9)
1.2.1 Unofficial language
3(1)
1.2.2 Language dominance shift
4(1)
1.2.3 Divergent grammars and other possible effects of the dominance shift
5(2)
1.2.4 Personal and cultural ties to the language
7(1)
1.2.5 Age of onset and acquisition in a naturalistic setting
8(1)
1.2.6 Are HLs community languages?
9(1)
1.2.7 Summary
10(1)
1.3 The contact scenario approach to HLs
11(7)
1.3.1 Typical contact scenarios
11(2)
1.3.2 An example: Turkish as a HL in Northwestern Europe
13(2)
1.3.3 Evaluating the scenario approach
15(3)
1.4 Overview of the book
18(5)
Chapter 2 History of the field of heritage language studies
23(20)
2.1 Introduction
23(1)
2.2 The perspective of the diaspora languages
24(6)
2.2.1 Dutch from a diaspora perspective
24(5)
2.2.2 Other diaspora varieties
29(1)
2.2.3 Diaspora studies in a broader perspective
30(1)
2.3 The perspective of the country of immigration
30(11)
2.3.1 The United States
30(2)
2.3.2 Early studies on ethnolects and Canadian HL research
32(2)
2.3.3 Case studies of HL languages in the United States
34(5)
2.3.4 HLs in Australia
39(1)
2.3.5 The European context
40(1)
2.3.6 Summary
41(1)
2.4 Summary and introduction of the speakers' perspective
41(2)
Chapter 3 Social aspects of heritage languages
43(24)
3.1 Introduction
43(1)
3.2 The scenario approach: Attending to social and linguistic factors
43(2)
3.3 Maintenance
45(13)
3.3.1 Indigenous minorities
46(1)
3.3.2 Immigration
47(1)
3.3.3 Social factors that affect maintenance
48(3)
3.3.4 Investigating language choice
51(6)
3.3.5 Ways of influencing language choice
57(1)
3.4 Shift
58(5)
3.4.1 Shift and acculturation
58(1)
3.4.2 When shift reaches its endpoint
59(2)
3.4.3 Power versus solidarity
61(2)
3.4.4 Language shift and ethnolects
63(1)
3.5 When language choice is not clear-cut
63(2)
3.6 Summary
65(2)
Chapter 4 Bilingual language use
67(20)
4.1 Introduction
67(1)
4.2 Codeswitching and borrowing
68(13)
4.2.1 Early stages: Just foreign content words
69(3)
4.2.2 Intermediate stages: Diversified codeswitching patterns
72(6)
4.2.3 Shift stage: Development towards HL status in the narrow sense
78(3)
4.3 Language change
81(1)
4.4 Codeswitching in its social context
82(4)
4.4.1 Does codeswitching represent a third language?
82(3)
4.4.2 Languaging
85(1)
4.5 Summary
86(1)
Chapter 5 Methods for collecting heritage language data
87(24)
5.1 Introduction
87(1)
5.2 Criteria for evaluating a particular method: Validity
88(3)
5.3 Overview of methods used
91(16)
5.3.1 Spoken data
91(6)
5.3.2 Written documents
97(2)
5.3.3 Survey data and questionnaires
99(1)
5.3.4 Experimental data
100(3)
5.3.5 Judgment tasks
103(4)
5.4 Summary and conclusion: Which method to choose?
107(4)
Chapter 6 Studying variability in heritage language speaker populations and the base line
111(30)
6.1 Introduction
111(1)
6.2 Establishing the baseline and the problem of monolingual bias
112(7)
6.2.1 Standard language grammar
113(1)
6.2.2 Exchange students and other recently arrived native speakers
113(1)
6.2.3 Transnational research design
113(2)
6.2.4 Vary subject populations
115(1)
6.2.5 Cross-generational family studies
116(1)
6.2.6 Multiple baselines
117(1)
6.2.7 Bilingual baselines
118(1)
6.2.8 Summary
118(1)
6.3 Factors in individual variation in the acquisition perspective: Timing, quality and quantity of the input
119(5)
6.4 Speaker characteristics, language use and language output
124(2)
6.5 Social embedding in the multilingual speech community and the larger society
126(5)
6.6 Identity work, style shift, variation, and change
131(1)
6.7 Measuring proficiency and assessing linguistic profiles
132(7)
6.7.1 Cloze test
133(1)
6.7.2 Fluency measures
134(1)
6.7.3 Lexical proficiency tasks
135(2)
6.7.4 Sociolinguistic background questionnaires
137(2)
6.8 Conclusion
139(2)
Chapter 7 Heritage language phenomena and what triggers them
141(20)
7.1 Introduction
141(1)
7.2 Phenomena studied
141(5)
7.2.1 Phonology
142(1)
7.2.2 Lexicon
143(2)
7.2.3 Morphology
145(1)
7.2.4 Syntax
145(1)
7.3 Language internal factors: Changes in the input for new generations of speakers
146(9)
7.3.1 Order of acquisition
149(1)
7.3.2 Frequency
149(2)
7.3.3 Optionality
151(3)
7.3.4 Restricted use
154(1)
7.4 Cross-linguistic influence: External factors
155(3)
7.4.1 Filter of grammatical categories via the dominant language
155(1)
7.4.2 Convergence through a shift in distribution
155(1)
7.4.3 Loan translations and semantic extensions
156(1)
7.4.4 Contact induced grammaticalization or additive borrowing
157(1)
7.5 Comparing internal and external factors
158(2)
7.6 Summary
160(1)
Chapter 8 Grammatical models and research paradigms
161(22)
8.1 Introduction
161(1)
8.2 Generative grammar
162(7)
8.2.1 Outline
162(3)
8.2.2 Case study
165(4)
8.3 Variationist sociolinguistics
169(3)
8.3.1 Outline
169(1)
8.3.2 Case study
170(2)
8.4 Optimality theory
172(6)
8.4.1 Outline
172(1)
8.4.2 Case study
173(5)
8.5 Usage-based models
178(3)
8.5.1 Outline
178(1)
8.5.2 Case study
179(2)
8.6 Summary discussion: Integrating the models
181(2)
Chapter 9 Language processing in multilingual speakers
183(20)
9.1 Introduction
183(1)
9.2 Core notions in research on language processing in bilingual speakers
184(5)
9.3 Core findings
189(7)
9.3.1 Cross-language interactions
190(2)
9.3.2 Processing differences
192(2)
9.3.3 Language switching and inhibition
194(1)
9.3.4 Summary of preceding discussion
195(1)
9.4 Factors influencing language processing in bilinguals
196(3)
9.5 The issue of age of acquisition
199(1)
9.6 Concluding remarks and perspectives for codeswitching research
200(3)
Chapter 10 Heritage languages in a post-colonial setting: Focus on Papiamentu
203(22)
10.1 Introduction
203(1)
10.2 Early history of Papiamentu
204(1)
10.3 Background on Papiamentu and its status nowadays
205(1)
10.4 A brief history of Papiamentu-Dutch contact
206(3)
10.4.1 The 18th century
207(1)
10.4.2 Increase of Dutch influence on Curacao in the 19th and 20th centuries
207(1)
10.4.3 The current situation
208(1)
10.5 Dutch influence on Papiamentu
209(6)
10.5.1 Quantity and quality of Dutch loans
210(1)
10.5.2 Phonological adaptation of Dutch loans
211(1)
10.5.3 Caiques
211(1)
10.5.4 Discourse markers and modal particles
212(1)
10.5.5 Prepositions and verb particle combinations
213(1)
10.5.6 Passive and the agent phrase
214(1)
10.5.7 Other function words borrowed from Dutch
215(1)
10.6 Morphological integration of Dutch nouns and verbs
215(3)
10.6.1 Nouns and nominalizations
215(2)
10.6.2 Verbs and inflection
217(1)
10.7 Papiamentu in the Netherlands
218(5)
10.8 Summary and conclusion
223(2)
Chapter 11 The political dimension of heritage languages: Endangered languages, language rights, and the preservation of diversity
225(22)
11.1 Introduction: The politics of diversity management
225(1)
11.2 Frames of reference
226(3)
11.2.1 The Babylon frame
226(1)
11.2.2 The Tsunami frame
227(1)
11.2.3 The Heritage frame
227(2)
11.3 Reversing language shift and indigenous language revival
229(3)
11.4 HL education
232(5)
11.4.1 Organization and support
232(2)
11.4.2 Varieties of the HL taught
234(1)
11.4.3 Dominant language from home country or home vernacular language?
234(2)
11.4.4 HL proficiency as a learning resource within the mainstream classroom
236(1)
11.5 Documentation of heritage varieties and language death
237(2)
11.6 Codeswitching in HLs and language loss
239(3)
11.7 Linguistic human rights and HLs
242(1)
11.8 Conclusion and overview
243(4)
Chapter 12 Technical terms used in this book related to heritage languages
247(16)
References 263(34)
Language index 297(2)
Subject index 299
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