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E-raamat: House in the Sun: Modern Architecture and Solar Energy in the Cold War

(Assistant Professor of Architectural History and Theory, University of Pennsylvania School of Design)
  • Formaat: 320 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-Oct-2016
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780199394029
  • Formaat - PDF+DRM
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  • Formaat: 320 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-Oct-2016
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780199394029

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A House in the Sun describes a number of experiments in solar house heating in American architectural, engineering, political, economic, and corporate contexts from the beginning of World War II until the late 1950s. Houses were built across the Midwest, Northeast, and Southwestern United States, and also proposed for sites in India, South Africa, and Morocco. These experiments developed in parallel to transformations in the discussion of modern architecture, relying on new materials and design ideas for both energy efficiency and claims to cultural relevance. Architects were among the myriad cultural and scientific actors to see the solar house as an important designed element of the American future. These experiments also developed as part of a wider analysis of the globe as an interconnected geophysical system. Perceived resource limitations in the immediate postwar period led to new understandings of the relationship between energy, technology and economy. The solar house - both as a charged object in the milieu of suburban expansion, and as a means to raise the standard of living in developing economies - became an important site for social, technological, and design experimentation. This led to new forms of expertise in architecture and other professions.

Daniel Barber argues that this mid-century interest in solar energy was one of the first episodes in which resource limitations were seen as an opportunity for design to attain new relevance for potential social and cultural transformations. Furthermore, the solar discussion established both an intellectual framework and a funding structure for the articulation of and response to global environmental concerns in subsequent decades. In presenting evidence of resource tensions at the beginning of the Cold War, the book offers a new perspective on the histories of architecture, technology, and environmentalism, one more fully entangled with the often competing dynamics of geopolitical and geophysical pressures.

Arvustused

Barber's insights on solar architecture build upon the classic works on architecture and technology from Giedion, Mumford, and Banham as well as the twentieth-century histories of Ecological Architecture and Building Science. His emphasis on the researchers and practitioners who designed, built, and operated experimental houses shows how solar housing design contributed to new conceptions of culture and society in an era of increasing industrialization and globalization. * Andrew Karvonen, Technology and Culture * [ E]ngaging and wonderfully illustrated work. A House in the Sun provides a nuanced optimism that such bleak conditions can also be the springboard to action and can reconfigure how architecture sees itself, empowering it as a cultural tool that moderates political, social and environmental impacts. * Daniel J. Ryan, Fabrications * Barber eloquently reveals how architecture became subservient to larger global forces of managerial politics and how the language of the modern solar house has functioned as a vessel to endow efforts of harnessing clean energy, as opposed to the dirty extraction of fossil fuels. Overall, Barber's richly illustrated book brings an astonishing number of unexplored histories and resources of the early postwar period to light, unwrapping the convoluted ethics of interdisciplinary experimental collaborations that we now effortlessly address as environmental concerns. * Lydia Kallipoliti, Journal of Architectural Education * A House in the Sun is a foundational text for a new expanded history of architecture's relationship to environment. In it, both the house and the sun undergo a fascinating series of formal, historical and theoretical phase-shifts, each altering the other's structures of transmission, reflection, absorption and radiation. * Larry Busbea, Journal of Architecture * A House in the Sun carefully articulates the complex, and often tacit, role of architects in the postwar entanglement of technology, politics, economics, and ecology, especially in the United States ... With clarity, breadth, and great detail, Barber articulates the bright prehistory of the transformations of the architect in the solar-house era ... A House in the Sun is a robust and generous contribution that will help architects and historians to better conceptualize and situate their practices within the complexity of architecture and energy in the United States. * Kiel Moe, Constructs * The author provides a thorough, in-depth historical study of the rise and fall of solar houses, the key players (ranging from architects to academics) involved, and the extensive innovation and experimentation generated and relayed through exhibitions, publications, and competitions. Detailed black-and-white and color illustrations are strategically placed to enhance the text. A well-researched prequel to any book on mid-century modern or postwar energy policy ... Recommended. * CHOICE *

Acknowledgments xi
Introduction: Architecture, Technology, and Politics 1(8)
1 The Modern Solar House
9(24)
2 What is a House?
33(30)
3 Discovering Renewable Resources
63(26)
4 Experimental Dwellings
89(32)
5 All-Solar Houses
121(30)
6 The World Solar Energy Project
151(26)
7 Design and Research
177(28)
8 Architecture and the Sun
205(44)
Conclusion: Architecture and Environmentalism 249(8)
Notes 257(52)
Bibliography 309(16)
Index 325
Daniel A. Barber is an Assistant Professor of Architecture at the University of Pennsylvania, where he teaches the history of modern architecture. He has published articles in Grey Room and Technology and Culture.