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E-raamat: Hunting the Faster than Light Tachyon, and Finding Three Unicorns and a Herd of Elephants

(George Mason University, Virginia, USA)
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-May-2022
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000587999
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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-May-2022
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000587999

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"In 1905, Albert Einstein declared speeds greater than light to be impossible. This book describes the author's decades-long search for hypothetical subatomic particles known as tachyons that violate this principle. This book is a scientific detective story. The crime is speeding-that is, the possible breaking of the cosmic speed limit, namely the speed of light, as stipulated by Einstein. This detective story is also a memoir written by a member of a band of "tachyon hunters." The author's pursuit of tachyons has been met with skepticism from most physicists, who note correctly that no such superluminal particles have ever been surely observed, and that there have been many false sightings. Nevertheless, considerable circumstantial evidence for tachyonshas already been published, and an ongoing experiment could decide the issue in the next few years. This book is written for the general reader, containing humor and eliminating jargon whenever possible, and will also be of interest to scientists. The hunt for the tachyon will fascinate all readers who approach the study of physics with curious and open minds"--

In 1905, Albert Einstein declared speeds greater than light to be impossible. This book describes the author’s decades-long search for hypothetical subatomic particles known as tachyons that violate this principle.

Preface and Acknowledgements ix
About the Author xiii
1 Three Weird Entities: Tachyons, Neutrinos, and Me
1(30)
Hidden Unicorns
1(1)
How not to Reach FTL Speed
2(1)
E = mc2: The Most Famous Equation in the World
3(1)
"Meta" Relativity
4(3)
You are Now Traveling at the Speed of Light
7(1)
Phantom of the OPERA
8(2)
My Journey through Time
10(1)
Finding My Passion
11(1)
Maverick Jack Steinberger
12(1)
The Two-Neutrino Experiment
13(1)
Good and Evil Tachyons
14(1)
Seeing Things
15(2)
Black Swans
17(1)
The Neutrino as a Unicorn
18(3)
Models of the Three Neutrino Masses
21(2)
Other Tachyon Possibilities
23(1)
Using Ockham's Razor Can Be Dangerous
24(1)
Sending Messages Back in Time
24(3)
My Message from the Future
27(1)
Summary
28(1)
References
29(2)
2 Faster than Light and Backwards in Time
31(36)
Tachyons in Fact and Fiction
31(1)
A Lazy Dog That Could Not Find an Academic Job
32(1)
The Block Universe and Its Worldlines
33(1)
Challenges to the Block Universe Concept
34(1)
Worldlines and the Light Cone
35(2)
The Lorentz Transformation
37(1)
Backward Time-Traveling Tachyons
38(1)
Chasing a Tachyon
39(1)
Searching for Tachyons
40(2)
Messengers from Space
42(3)
Locating the Sources of the Cosmic Rays
45(1)
The Mysterious Cygnus X-3
46(1)
The Proton-Neutron Decay Chain
46(2)
An Unsettled Mystery
48(1)
A Failed Collaboration: Glupyy AmerikanetsH
48(2)
The Field of Cosmic Ray Physics: A Work in Progress
50(2)
Contacting Your Earlier Self
52(1)
A "More Feasible" Way to Contact the Past
53(1)
Fictional Examples
54(2)
Wormhole Time Machines
56(1)
Where Are the Time Travelers?
57(2)
Searching for Wormholes
59(1)
A Wormhole in the Solar System?
60(2)
Parallels between Wormholes and Tachyons
62(1)
Summary
63(1)
References
64(3)
3 Supernova SN 1987A and Its Three Unicorns
67(32)
Supernovae
67(1)
The Threat from Exploding Stars
68(1)
The Birth, Life, and Death of Stars
69(3)
How to Detect Neutrinos
72(1)
The SN 1987A Neutrino Burst
73(2)
SN 1987A and the 3 + 3 Model of Neutrino Masses
75(2)
The Tachyonic Third Mass in the Model
77(1)
Balancing a Seesaw with Nothing on One Side
78(1)
Seeking Validation for the 3 + 3 Model
79(1)
Dark Matter Holds Galaxies Together
80(2)
First Confirmation of the 3 + 3 Model Masses
82(1)
Revisiting the Mont Blanc Neutrino Burst
82(1)
The Neutrino Detector That Failed to "Bark"
83(1)
Dark Matter in the Stellar Core and 8 MeV Neutrinos
84(2)
Support for the Z'-Mediated Reaction
86(1)
Challenges to the Z'-Mediated Reaction Model
87(2)
Finding the Unicorn Hidden in the Background
89(2)
Reliability of the Background
91(2)
The 8 MeV Line Revealed
93(1)
Physics and the Nature of God
94(1)
Summary
95(1)
The Three Unicorns
96(1)
References
97(2)
4 Theories of Everything and Anything
99(32)
Tachyons? "Sure, Why Not"
99(1)
The Standard Model of Particle Physics
100(2)
A Zoo of Hypothetical Particles and the Uniqueness of Tachyons
102(2)
Beyond the Standard Model
104(1)
What Monsters Might Be Lurking There?
105(1)
Replacing Particles by Vibrating Strings and Membranes
105(2)
Loop Quantum Gravity
107(2)
Gerald Feinberg: An Accidental Futurist
109(1)
Oliver Heaviside: An Accidental Time Traveler
109(1)
Pavel Cherenkov: An Accidental Nobel Laureate
110(1)
FTL Observers and Warp-Drive Spaceships
111(3)
Cosmic Inflation
114(1)
Dark Energy, Antigravity, and Tachyons
115(1)
The Evidence for Dark Energy and an Accelerated Expansion
116(1)
Mirror Universes
117(1)
Other Alternatives to the Standard Cosmology
118(1)
Entanglement: The Effect Einstein Found Spooky
119(2)
Superdeterminism and Bell's Theorem
121(1)
The Most Famous Failed Experiment in History
122(3)
Einstein's Ether
125(1)
Making Tachyonic Neutrinos Less Obnoxious
126(1)
Logical Inconsistency of Experimental Results
127(1)
Summary
128(2)
References
130(1)
5 Weighing the Gravitophobic Neutrinos
131(28)
Introduction
131(1)
Weighing the Muon Neutrino
132(3)
A Scale for Measuring Imaginary Mass
135(2)
The Beta Decay Spectrum and the Electron Neutrino Mass
137(2)
How to Get a "Kinky" Spectrum
139(1)
The Beta Spectrum Shape for a Tachyon
140(1)
Neutrino Mass Experiments
141(1)
An Embarrassing Episode
141(2)
The KATRIN Experiment
143(2)
Measuring the Electron Energy in the Spectrometer
145(1)
Taking Data with Your Eyes Closed
146(1)
Dealing with Controversial Results
147(1)
My Overactive Imagination
148(2)
A Big Letdown
150(1)
Consistency of KATRIN Initial Data with 3 + 3 Model
150(2)
A Stay of Execution
152(1)
Hearing the Grim Reaper's Footsteps
152(1)
KATRIN and Tachyons -- Six Possibilities
153(1)
Fitting an Elephant or a Whole Herd
154(3)
Hiding Elephants
157(1)
Summary
158(1)
References
158(1)
6 Lessons Learned
159(32)
A Bright Spot in the Darkness
159(3)
A Third Approach to Physics Research
162(3)
Pros and Cons of Data Prospecting
165(2)
Negative Evidence and Reviews
167(1)
Fake or Predatory Journals
168(1)
Making as Many Mistakes as You Can
169(3)
Spotting Promising Anomalies
172(1)
Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI)
173(4)
Dyson Spheres
177(1)
Are We Alone?
178(1)
Our Chances of Making It to a "Post-Human" Era
179(2)
Are You Living in a Computer Simulation?
181(2)
Guessing the Odds
183(2)
How Could We Tell?
185(1)
My Belief That I Am Living in a Simulation
186(2)
Some Concluding Thoughts
188(1)
Summary
189(1)
References
190(1)
Index 191
Robert Ehrlich is an American physicist who holds a PhD in physics from Columbia University, where he participated in the Nobel prize-winning muon neutrino experiment. He retired from George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia, having served 15 years of his 36 years there as physics and astronomy department chair. Dr. Ehrlich is a fellow of the American Physical Society, and his primary area of scholarship is particle physics. He is also well known for his contributions to science education, particularly with simple physics demonstrations, renewable energy, and computer applications in physics education. His 20 books have been translated into six languages.