Preface |
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xiii | |
Acknowledgment |
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xv | |
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1 | (24) |
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1 | (1) |
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Typical Features of Bubbly Flow |
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2 | (1) |
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Types of Gas-Liquid Contacting Devices |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (10) |
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Inverse Bubbly Flow Device |
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14 | (4) |
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Practical Applications of Inverse Bubbly Flow |
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18 | (2) |
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20 | (5) |
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2 Flow Regime and Its Transition |
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25 | (40) |
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25 | (1) |
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Flow Regimes in a Conventional Bubbly Flow Reactor |
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26 | (2) |
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Flow Regimes in Inverse Bubbly Flow Reactors |
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28 | (3) |
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Flow Regime Map and Its Transition |
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31 | (3) |
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Methods for Identification of Flow Regime Transition |
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34 | (6) |
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Factors Influencing Formation and Stability of Flow Regime Transitions |
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40 | (5) |
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Theories on Prediction of Flow Regime Transition |
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45 | (12) |
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57 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (7) |
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3 Entrainment of Gas Bubbles |
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65 | (26) |
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Entrainment of Gas Bubbles |
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65 | (1) |
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Mechanism of Gas Entrainment |
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66 | (5) |
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Estimation of Entrained Gas for Inverse Bubbly Flow |
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71 | (2) |
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Effect of Variables on Gas Entrainment for Inverse Bubbly Flow |
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73 | (3) |
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Depth of Bubble Penetration Due to Gas Entrainment |
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76 | (1) |
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Minimum Entrainment Velocity |
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77 | (1) |
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Energy Efficiency of Gas Entrainment |
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78 | (2) |
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Axial Distribution of Kinetic Energy Utilization for Gas Entrainment |
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80 | (3) |
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Models of Entrainment Rate |
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83 | (3) |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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87 | (1) |
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87 | (4) |
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4 Hold-up Characteristics of Gas Bubbles |
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91 | (44) |
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Bubble Phase Hold-up: Definition and Profile |
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91 | (13) |
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Methods to Measure the Hold-up |
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104 | (9) |
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Effect of Different Variables on Bubble Phase Hold-up |
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113 | (3) |
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A Comparative Picture of Bubble Phase Hold-up |
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116 | (1) |
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Models to Analyze Bubble Phase Hold-up Characteristics |
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116 | (10) |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (1) |
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127 | (1) |
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128 | (7) |
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5 Pressure Drop in Bubbly Flow |
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135 | (48) |
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Pressure Drop in Bubbly Flow |
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135 | (1) |
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Why Knowledge on Pressure Drop Is Required |
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135 | (2) |
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Models to Analyze Pressure Drop |
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137 | (37) |
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Estimation of Frictional Pressure Drop in a Plunging Liquid Jet Inverse Bubbly Flow Column |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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177 | (6) |
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6 Mixing in Inverse Bubbly Flow |
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183 | (72) |
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183 | (2) |
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Importance of Understanding Mixing in Bubbly Flow Devices |
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185 | (1) |
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Methods to Quantify the Intensity of Mixing |
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186 | (1) |
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Basic Concepts of Residence Time Distribution |
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186 | (2) |
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Models for Residence Time Distribution |
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188 | (12) |
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Experimental Guideline to Estimate the Mixing Parameter |
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200 | (9) |
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Effects of Variables on Liquid Mixing Intensity |
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209 | (10) |
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Other Models to Interpret the Mixing in Bubbly Flow |
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219 | (24) |
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243 | (2) |
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245 | (1) |
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246 | (1) |
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247 | (8) |
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7 Bubble Size Distribution and Gas-Liquid Interfacial Area |
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255 | (52) |
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255 | (2) |
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Bubble Size Measurement and Its Distribution |
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257 | (12) |
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Analysis of Axial Bubble Size Distribution |
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269 | (10) |
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Specific Interfacial Area |
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279 | (20) |
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299 | (1) |
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300 | (1) |
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300 | (1) |
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300 | (7) |
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8 Mass Transfer Characteristics |
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307 | (76) |
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307 | (1) |
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Gas--Liquid Mass Transport Process |
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307 | (3) |
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Estimation Methods of Mass Transfer Coefficient |
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310 | (13) |
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Design Criteria for Physical Mass Transfer Experiments Other Methods of Estimation of Gas-Liquid |
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323 | (2) |
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Mass Transfer Coefficient in a Bubble Column |
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325 | (1) |
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Mass Transfer Coefficient in Inverse Bubbly Flow Columns |
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326 | (16) |
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Correlation Model for the Wall-Liquid Mass Transfer Coefficient |
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342 | (2) |
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Mass Transfer Efficiency in a Bubble Column |
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344 | (1) |
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Effect of Different Variables on Mass Transfer Coefficient in a Bubbly Flow System |
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345 | (10) |
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Mass Transfer Coefficient as a Function of Energy Dissipation |
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355 | (1) |
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Interfacial Mass Transport Model |
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355 | (18) |
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373 | (1) |
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374 | (1) |
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374 | (1) |
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375 | (1) |
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375 | (8) |
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9 Heat Transfer Characteristics |
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383 | (46) |
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383 | (1) |
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Heat Transfer Mechanism in Bubbly Flow |
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383 | (6) |
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Measurement of the Heat Transfer Coefficient |
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389 | (6) |
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Effect of Different Variables on Heat Transfer Coefficient in Bubbly Flow |
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395 | (8) |
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Model to Assess Heat Transfer in Bubbly Flow Condition |
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403 | (12) |
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Momentum, Heat, and Mass Transfer Analogy |
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415 | (5) |
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Correlation-Based Analogy of Heat and Mass Transfer |
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420 | (1) |
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421 | (1) |
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422 | (1) |
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423 | (1) |
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423 | (1) |
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423 | (6) |
Suggestions for Further Study |
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429 | (4) |
Subject Index |
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433 | |