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E-raamat: Information Technology and the Criminal Justice System

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  • Ilmumisaeg: 28-Oct-2004
  • Kirjastus: SAGE Publications Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781506317816
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Information Technology and the Criminal Justice SystemSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 28-Oct-2004
  • Kirjastus: SAGE Publications Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781506317816
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How has information technology changed the way we monitor criminal behavior? How has it changed the way we examine patterns of criminal behavior? How have criminal justice organizations adapted to using information technology? What is the future of information in criminal justice?

There have been many technical, analytical, legal, and organizational issues related to advances in computer and information technology over the past several decades. Given the substantial investments that federal, state, and local criminal justice agencies are making in information technology, they now consider it an integral component of understanding how our criminal justice system works.

Information Technology and the Criminal Justice System suggests that information technology in criminal justice will continue to challenge us to think about how we turn information into knowledge, who can use that knowledge, and for what purposes. In this text, editor April Pattavina synthesizes the growing body of research in information technology and criminal justice. Contributors examine what has been learned from past experiences, what the current state of IT is in various components of the criminal justice system, and what challenges lie ahead.

Key Features







Covers a broad array of topics, including IT development and applications in organizations, data quality issues, legal issues, and criminal justice education Spans a variety of criminal justice agencies including courts, police, and corrections Includes contributors renowned in the field of criminal justice information systems Incorporates case studies to enhance students understanding of real-life situations

Information Technology and the Criminal Justice System is recommended for upper level undergraduate and graduate level courses in Criminal Justice departments, including Information Technology and Criminal Justice; Criminal Justice Data Analysis; Crime Analysis; Technology and Criminal Justice; and Technology and Society. This book is also an excellent resource for professionals in the field.
Preface ix
SECTION I: ADVANCES IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY 1(56)
1. Information Technology and the Criminal Justice System: An Historical Overview
3(26)
TERENCE DUNWORTH
Historical Background
5(3)
Promises and Advances in IT
8(11)
Impact of IT Advances on the Criminal Justice System
19(4)
Conclusion
23(6)
2. Acquiring, Implementing, and Evaluating Information Technology
29(28)
LOIS M. DAVIS AND BRIAN A. JACKSON
Recent Trends in Acquiring and Applying IT
32(4)
IT Acquisition and Implementation
36(9)
Evaluating IT Projects
45(7)
IT and Policy Change: Future Challenges
52(5)
SECTION II. THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM AND THE INTERNET 57(42)
3. How Criminal Justice Agencies Use The Internet
59(18)
ROBERTA E. GRIFFITH
Law Enforcement
60(1)
Information Seeking
61(1)
Information Dissemination
61(2)
Information Management
63(1)
Cybercrime and Investigative Methods
63(2)
Future Uses
65(5)
Implementation Issues
70(1)
Conclusion
71(6)
4. The Internet as a Conduit for Criminal Activity
77(22)
DAVID S. WALL
Transformative Impacts of Cyberspace on Social and Criminal Activity
78(3)
Impacts of the Internet on Criminal Opportunities and Behavior
81(6)
Criminological Theory and Cybercrimes
87(7)
Conclusion
94(5)
SECTION III. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND CRIME REPORTING AND ANALYSIS 99(68)
5. The Impact of Information Technology on Crime Reporting: The NIBRS Process
101(24)
DONALD FAGGIANI AND DAVID HIRSCHEL
The Uniform Crime Reporting System
101(2)
The National Incident-Based Reporting System
103(9)
Policy Implications
112(1)
Case Study: Using the NIBRS for Domestic Violence Research
113(7)
Conclusion
120(5)
6. Information Technology and Crime Analysis
125(22)
PHYLLIS PARSHALL MCDONALD
The Relationship Between the Development of IT and Crime Analysis
126(2)
The Developmental Stages of Crime Analysis
128(3)
Police Strategies and Their Relationship to Crime Analysis and IT
131(5)
Policy Implications and Issues
136(4)
Case Studies
140(7)
7. Geographic Information Systems and Crime Mapping in Criminal Justice Agencies
147(20)
APRIL PATTAVINA
Theoretical and Philosophical Support for GIS Development in Criminal Justice
148(3)
Mapping the Geographic Context of Crime
151(8)
Organizational Issues
159(3)
Conclusion
162(5)
SECTION IV. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ISSUES IN CRIMINAL JUSTICE AGENCIES 167(74)
8. Comprehensive Planning of Criminal Justice Information and Intelligence Systems: ATF's Experience in Implementing Firearms Tracing in the United States
169(26)
GLENN PIERCE AND ROBERTA E. GRIFFITH
A Framework for Comprehensive Information and Intelligence System Planning
170(2)
Firearms Tracing and ATF
172(17)
Conclusion
189(6)
9. Offender-Based Information Sharing: Using a Consent-Driven System to Promote Integrated Service Delivery
195(26)
KATHLEEN R. SNAVELY, FAYE S. TAXMAN, AND SSTUART GORDON
Offender-Based Information Systems
196(9)
Phase 1: Planning
205(3)
Phase 2: Implementation
208(1)
Phase 3: Maintenance
208(8)
Conclusions and Lessons Learned From the Field
216(5)
10. Environment, Technology and Organizational Change: Notes From the Police World
221(20)
PETER K. MANNING
Conceptions of the Police Organization and Its Technologies
222(4)
Organizations and Change
226(3)
Rules, Processes, and Routines in Police Work 227
Defining Technology: An Overview of the Meaning of Technologies in Policing
229(3)
A Case Study of Police Use of IT
232(3)
Concluding Remarks
235(6)
SECTION V. THE FUTURE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM 241(32)
11. Information, Technology, and Criminal Justice Education
243(18)
JAMES M. BYRNE AND EVE BUZAWA
Information, Technology, and the Criminal Justice System
243(11)
Conclusions: Redesigning the Core
254(7)
12. The Future of Information Technology in Criminal Justice: Prospects and Challenges
261(12)
APRIL PATTAVINA
Prospects
261(1)
Technology and Research: The First Challenge
262(2)
Technology and Privacy: The Second Challenge
264(3)
Technology and Society: The Third Challenge
267(3)
Concluding Comments
270(3)
Index 273(14)
About the Editor 287(2)
About the Contributors 289
April Pattavina, PhD is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Criminal Justice at the University of Massachusetts at Lowell.  Her interests include the impact of information technology on the criminal justice system and applying spatial analysis techniques to the study of crime.  In addition to this book, she has published several journal articles in the area of information technology and geographic information systems in particular. One of her most recent articles is Linking Offender Residence Probability Surfaces to a Specific Incident Location: An Application for Tracking Temporal Shifts in Journey to Crime Relationships and Prioritizing Suspect Lists and Mug Shot Order in  (with Richard Gore).forthcoming in Police Quarterly. She is also works extensively with criminal justice agencies.  Currently she is principal investigator on a Department of Justice funded grant to integrate criminal justice information related to incidents of domestic violence in a local police department.
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