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E-raamat: Integrating Evolutionary Biology into Medical Education: for maternal and child healthcare students, clinicians, and scientists

Edited by (Research Professor, Georgtown University, Department of Neuroscience), Edited by (Animal Scientist, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute)
  • Formaat: 288 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 19-Dec-2019
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780192543905
  • Formaat - PDF+DRM
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  • Formaat: 288 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 19-Dec-2019
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780192543905

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"Clinicians and scientists are increasingly recognising the importance of an evolutionary perspective in studying the aetiology, prevention, and treatment of human disease; the growing prominence of genetics in medicine is further adding to the interest in evolutionary medicine. In spite of this, too few medical students or residents study evolution. This book builds a compelling case for integrating evolutionary biology into undergraduate and postgraduate medical education, as well as its intrinsic value to medicine. Chapter by chapter, the authors - experts in anthropology, biology, ecology, physiology, public health, and various disciplines of medicine - present the rationale for clinically-relevant evolutionary thinking. They achieve this within the broader context of medicine but through the focused lens of maternal and child health, with an emphasis on female reproduction and the early-life biochemical, immunological, and microbial responses influenced by evolution. The tightly woven and accessiblenarrative illustrates how a medical education that considers evolved traits can deepen our understanding of the complexities of the human body, variability in health, susceptibility to disease, and ultimately help guide treatment, prevention, and public health policy. However, integrating evolutionary biology into medical education continues to face several roadblocks. The medical curriculum is already replete with complex subjects and a long period of training. The addition of an evolutionary perspective to this curriculum would certainly seem daunting, and many medical educators express concern over potential controversy if evolution is introduced into the curriculum of their schools. Medical education urgently needs strategies and teaching aids to lower the barriers to incorporating evolution into medical training. In summary, this call to arms makes a strong case for incorporating evolutionary thinking early in medical training to help guide the types of critical questions physicians ask, or should be asking. It will be of relevance and use to evolutionary biologists, physicians, medical students, and biomedical research scientists"--

Clinicians and scientists are increasingly recognising the importance of an evolutionary perspective in studying the aetiology, prevention, and treatment of human disease; the growing prominence of genetics in medicine is further adding to the interest in evolutionary medicine. In spite of this, too few medical students or residents study evolution.
This book builds a compelling case for integrating evolutionary biology into undergraduate and postgraduate medical education, as well as its intrinsic value to medicine. Chapter by chapter, the authors - experts in anthropology, biology, ecology, physiology, public health, and various disciplines of medicine - present the rationale for clinically-relevant evolutionary thinking. They achieve this within the broader context of medicine but through the focused lens of maternal and child health, with an emphasis on female reproduction and the early-life biochemical, immunological, and microbial responses influenced by evolution.
The tightly woven and accessible narrative illustrates how a medical education that considers evolved traits can deepen our understanding of the complexities of the human body, variability in health, susceptibility to disease, and ultimately help guide treatment, prevention, and public health policy. However, integrating evolutionary biology into medical education continues to face several roadblocks. The medical curriculum is already replete with complex subjects and a long period of training. The addition of an evolutionary perspective to this curriculum would certainly seem daunting, and many medical educators express concern over potential controversy if evolution is introduced into the curriculum of their schools. Medical education urgently needs strategies and teaching aids to lower the barriers to incorporating evolution into medical training.
In summary, this call to arms makes a strong case for incorporating evolutionary thinking early in medical training to help guide the types of critical questions physicians ask, or should be asking. It will be of relevance and use to evolutionary biologists, physicians, medical students, and biomedical research scientists.
Introduction 1(10)
Michael L. Power
Jay Schulkin
SECTION I Life History: Biological and Cultural Continuity
11(78)
1 Evolutionary Medicine, Pregnancy, and the Mismatch Pathways to Increased Disease Risk
13(14)
Peter D. Gluckman
Felicia M. Low
Mark A. Hanson
2 Evolutionary Public Health: How Interventions may Benefit from Insights Generated by Life History Theory
27(20)
Jonathan C. K. Wells
3 Evolutionary Medicine and Women's Reproductive Health
47(20)
Wenda R. Trevathan
Karen R. Rosenberg
4 Optimizing Maternal-Infant Health: Ameliorating the Mismatch between Evolved Dyadic Needs and the Current Culture of Health around the 4th Trimester
67(22)
Alison M. Stuebe
Kristin P. Tully
SECTION II Biological Regulation
89(80)
5 Can Evolution Inform Insights into Normal and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Ultimately Improve Maternal and Fetal Care?
91(28)
Heide Aungst
Robert Rossi
Heather Brockway
Sam Mesiano
Louis J. Muglia
6 An Evolutionary View of Homeostasis: Bioenergetics, Life History Theory, and Responses to Pregnancy
119(13)
Robert Perlman
7 The Functions of MicroRNA in Female Reproduction
132(16)
Michael L. Power
Caroline W. Quaglieri
Eda G. Reed
Jay Schulkin
8 Evolutionary Medicine Viewed Through the Lens of Pregnancy and the Obesity Epidemic
148(21)
Chloe Zera
Louise Wilkins-Haug
SECTION III Perspectives: Past, Present, and Future
169(80)
9 Darwin's Impact on the Medical Sciences
171(16)
Fabio Zampieri
10 Tinbergean Approach to Clinical Medicine
187(11)
B. Natterson-Horowitz
11 The Role of the Immune System from an Evolutionary Perspective
198(12)
Carsten Schradin
Rainer H. Straub
12 Evolution, Genomics, and the New Genetic Technologies
210(22)
Louise Wilkins-Haug
13 Ecological Rationality and Evolutionary Medicine: A Bridge to Medical Education
232(17)
Shabnam Mousavi
Jay Schulkin
Index 249
Dr. Schulkin is a research Professor in the Department of Neuroscience at Georgetown University Medical Center and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University of Washington.

Dr Michael L Power is an Animal Scientist at the Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute. Recently, his research has expanded to include investigations of hormones and other bioactive molecules in milk and the milk microbiome. He is the curator of the Milk Repository at the Smithsonian, which contains milk samples from over 200 mammals.