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E-raamat: Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations

Edited by (Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois, USA), Edited by (UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA), Edited by (New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York)
  • Formaat: 496 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 25-Oct-2006
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780203020524
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Intracranial Arteriovenous MalformationsSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 496 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 25-Oct-2006
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780203020524
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Offering expert recommendations and selected color illustrations, this guide furnishes readers with state-of-the-art information on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of AVMs. Offering a multidisciplinary approach, this book spans a wide array of therapeutic options and surgical approaches with step-by-step presentations of each procedure covered in the text.
Preface iii
Contributors xiii
SECTION I: ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Surgical Anatomy
1(20)
Helder Tedeschi
Evandro de Oliveira
Wen Hung Tzu
Albert L. Rhoton, Jr.
Introduction
1(1)
Frontal Lobe AVMs
1(1)
Parietal Lobe AVMs
2(1)
Temporal Lobe AVMs
3(2)
Occipital Lobe AVMs
5(1)
Mediobasal Temporal Lobe AVMs
5(4)
Interhemispheric Parafalcine and Callosal Region AVMs
9(2)
Basal Ganglia Region AVMs
11(7)
AVMs of the Posterior Fossa
18(1)
References
19(2)
Pathology and Genetic Factors
21(10)
Ronald F. Moussa
John H. Wong
Issam A. Awad
Pathology
21(4)
Genetic Factors
25(2)
References
27(4)
Hemodynamic Properties
31(18)
Michael Morgan
Introduction
31(1)
Hemodynamic Effect within the Interstices of an AVM
32(1)
Hemodynamic Effect on Cerebral Blood Vessels in the Presence of an AVM
33(4)
Hemodynamic Effect on the Microcirculation of the Brain Associated with an AVM
37(1)
Autoregulation and Reactivity to Changes in PaCO2
38(2)
Hemodynamic Effect on Cerebral Blood Vessels at the Time of AVM Ablation
40(1)
Hemodynamic Effect on the Brain at the Time of AVM Ablation
40(1)
Arterio-Capillary-Venous Hypertensive Syndromes
41(1)
References
42(7)
Use of Modeling for the Study of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformations
49(24)
William L. Young
Erzhen Gao
George J. Hademenos
Tarik F. Massoud
Introduction
49(1)
Importance of Modeling for AVMs
49(1)
Specific Modeling Attempts-Model Construction
50(5)
Model Applications
55(3)
Long-Term Objectives of Computational Modeling
58(1)
Animal Modeling
59(2)
Summary
61(1)
Appendix
1. Description of a Computational AVM Model
61(2)
Appendix
2. Mathematical and Computational Approach
63(4)
Appendix
3. Vascular Stress
67(1)
References
68(5)
SECTION II: CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
Natural History
73(8)
Bernard R. Bendok
Christopher Eddleman
Joseph G. Adel
M. Jafer Ali
H. Hunt Batjer
Stephen L. Ondra
Introduction
73(1)
Presenting Symptoms
73(2)
Morbidity and Mortality Related to Hemorrhage
75(2)
AVMs in the Gravid Woman
77(1)
Anatomical Factors Influencing the Natural History of AVMs
77(1)
Spontaneous Regression
78(1)
References
79(2)
Classification and Grading Systems
81(14)
Kai U. Frerichs
Philip E. Stieg
Robert M. Friedlander
Introduction
81(1)
Classification and Grading Parameters
81(3)
Grading Scales
84(7)
Discussion
91(1)
References
92(3)
Radiographic Diagnosis
95(20)
R. Anthony Murray
Eric J. Russell
Introduction
95(1)
Epidemiology and Natural History
95(1)
Therapeutic Options and Classification
96(1)
Computed Tomography
97(1)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Angiography
98(7)
Conventional Angiography
105(4)
Angiographically Occult AVMs
109(1)
Conclusion
109(1)
References
110(5)
Functional Evaluation and Diagnosis
115(8)
Shervin R. Dashti
Jeffrey L. Sunshine
Robert W. Tarr
Warren R. Selman
Introduction
115(1)
Parenchymal Function
115(3)
Relative Perfusion
118(1)
Blood Pressure and Flow Analysis
119(1)
Invasive Provocation
120(1)
Conclusion
120(1)
References
120(3)
SECTION III: BASIC CONSIDERATIONS
Decision Analysis for Asymptomatic Lesions
123(12)
James McInerney
Robert E. Harbaugh
Introduction
123(1)
Decision Analysis and Markov Modeling for the Treatment of Asymptomatic AVMs
124(3)
Data Collection
127(3)
Sensitivity Analysis
130(2)
Conclusion
132(3)
References
133(2)
Multimodality Therapy: Treatment Algorithms
135(10)
Philip E. Stieg
Vallabh Janardhan
Howard A. Riina
Introduction
135(1)
Pathology of the AVM
135(1)
Location of the AVM
136(1)
Natural History
136(1)
Patient Characteristics
137(1)
Diagnostic Imaging
137(1)
Management Options
138(2)
Decision Analysis for the Management of Unruptured AVMs
140(1)
Decision Analysis for the Management of Ruptured AVMs
140(1)
Conclusions
141(1)
References
141(4)
Surgical Principles
145(14)
Christopher C. Getch
Christopher Eddleman
Melanie K. Swope
H. Hunt Batjer
Introduction
145(1)
Preoperative Imaging
145(4)
Embolization
149(1)
Anesthesia
149(2)
Neurosurgical Emergency: Intracranial Hemorrhage Related to AVM Rupture
151(1)
Surgical Resection
152(5)
Conclusion
157(1)
References
157(2)
Endovascular Principles
159(18)
Charles J. Prestigiacomo
John Pile-Spellman
Introduction
159(1)
Historical Perspective
159(1)
Role of Endovascular Therapy
160(5)
Hemodynamic Considerations and Staging of Embolization
165(1)
Anesthetic Considerations and Monitoring
166(1)
Functional Testing
167(1)
Equipment
168(3)
Strategy and Technique
171(1)
Outcomes
172(1)
Complications and Complication Avoidance
172(2)
Future Directions
174(1)
References
174(3)
Radiosurgical Principles
177(12)
Susan C. Pannullo
Jordan Abbott
Robert Allbright
Introduction
177(1)
History of Radiosurgery for AVMs
177(1)
Radiobiology of AVM Radiosurgery
177(1)
Pathologic Changes of AVMs After Radiosurgery
178(1)
Radiosurgery Platforms
178(1)
Stereotactic Radiosurgery Technique
178(4)
Evaluation of Treatment Response
182(1)
Complications
183(1)
Combined Modality Management of AVMs
183(1)
Single Fraction Versus Fractionated Therapy
183(1)
Future Directions for AVM Radiosurgery
184(1)
References
184(5)
Combined Therapy: The Team Approach
189(12)
C. Michael Cawley, III
Harry J. Cloft
Nelson M. Oyesiku
Daniel L. Barrow
Introduction
189(1)
Goals of Therapy
189(1)
Therapeutic Strategies
190(6)
Remedies for Palliation
196(2)
Conclusion
198(1)
References
198(3)
SECTION IV: THERAPEUTIC MANAGEMENT
Anesthetic Considerations
201(14)
Tomoki Hashimoto
William L. Young
General Considerations
201(1)
Cerebral Circulatory Changes in Patients with AVMs
202(1)
Anesthetic Management During Surgery
203(3)
Anesthetic Management During Interventional Neuroradiologic Procedures
206(5)
References
211(4)
Supratentorial Lobar Arteriovenous Malformations
215(28)
John E. Wanebo
Jeffrey G. Ojemann
Ralph G. Dacey, Jr.
Introduction
215(1)
General Considerations
215(13)
Frontal Lobe AVMs
228(3)
Temporal Lobe AVMs
231(2)
Parietal Lobe AVMs
233(2)
Occipital Lobe AVMs
235(2)
References
237(6)
Perisylvian Arteriovenous Malformations
243(16)
Harold J. Pikus
Roberto C. Heros
Introduction
243(1)
Presentation
244(1)
Diagnostic Studies
244(2)
Management
246(8)
Results
254(1)
References
254(5)
Supratentorial Periventricular Arteriovenous Malformations
259(14)
Charles J. Prestigiacomo
Robert A. Solomon
Introduction
259(1)
Epidemiology, Presentation, and Natural History
259(1)
Anatomical Considerations
260(2)
Evaluation of Patients with Periventricular AVMs
262(1)
Therapeutic Options
263(1)
Surgical Approaches
264(5)
Conclusions
269(1)
References
270(3)
Corpus Callosum Arteriovenous Malformations
273(12)
Vallabh Janardhan
Howard A. Riina
Philip E. Stieg
Introduction
273(1)
Epidemiology
273(1)
Anatomy of the Corpus Callosum
274(1)
Functions of the Corpus Callosum and Callosal Syndromes
275(1)
Clinical Presentation
275(2)
Classification/Grading Systems for AVMs of the Corpus Callosum
277(1)
Treatment
278(4)
Summary
282(1)
References
283(2)
Arteriovenous Malformations of the Cerebellar Vermis and Hemispheres
285(14)
Andrew D. Fine
Curtis L. Beauregard
Arthur L. Day
Introduction
285(1)
Cerebellar Surface Anatomy and Vascular Supply
285(3)
Cerebellar Functional Anatomy
288(1)
Clinical Presentation
289(1)
Classification and Risk Stratification
289(1)
Treatment
290(5)
Summary
295(1)
References
296(3)
Infratentorial Cerebellopontine Angle Arteriovenous Malformations
299(16)
Giuseppe Lanzino
L. Nelson Hopkins
Introduction
299(1)
Regional Anatomy
299(3)
Clinical Presentation
302(1)
Diagnosis
303(1)
Therapy
304(1)
Surgical Technique
305(5)
Complications
310(1)
Summary
311(1)
References
312(3)
Brainstem Arteriovenous Malformations
315(14)
Steven D. Chang
Gary K. Steinberg
Introduction
315(1)
Natural History
315(1)
Classification of Brainstem AVMs
315(1)
Arterial Supply and Venous Drainage
316(1)
Clinical Presentation
316(1)
Indications and Contraindications for Surgery
316(1)
Potential Risks
317(1)
Preoperative Preparation
317(1)
Anesthetic Technique
317(2)
Surgical Approaches and Positioning
319(4)
Closure Techniques and Postoperative Management
323(1)
Special Perioperative Equipment/Techniques
323(1)
Stereotactic Radiosurgery
324(1)
Embolization
324(2)
Clinical Outcome
326(1)
Complications and Complication Avoidance
327(1)
Summary
327(1)
References
327(2)
Intraoperative and Postoperative Angiography
329(14)
Michael A. Lefkowitz
Fernando Vinuela
Neil Martin
Introduction
329(1)
Intraoperative Angiography
329(7)
Intraoperative Embolization
336(1)
Postoperative Angiography
337(4)
References
341(2)
Associated Aneurysms
343(8)
Bernard R. Bendok
Christopher C. Getch
H. Hunt Batjer
Introduction
343(1)
Classification
343(1)
Incidence
343(1)
Pathophysiology
344(1)
Natural History
344(1)
Management
344(4)
Conclusions
348(1)
References
349(2)
Arteriovenous Malformations in Pregnancy
351(8)
Eli M. Baron
Sumon Bhattacharjee
Robert Wienecke
Christopher M. Loftus
Introduction
351(1)
Epidemiology
351(1)
Physiologic Changes Associated with Pregnancy
351(1)
Radiologic Diagnosis of AVM in Pregnancy
352(1)
Medical Management
353(1)
Surgical Management
354(1)
Embolization and Radiosurgical Procedures
355(1)
Ethical Considerations
355(1)
Conclusions
355(1)
References
356(3)
Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Arteriovenous Malformations
359(12)
Jeffrey P. Greenfield
Mark M. Souweidane
Introduction
359(1)
Epidemiology
359(1)
Developmental Biology of AVMs in Children
359(1)
Natural History
360(1)
Presentation and Evaluation of AVMs in Children
361(2)
Considerations for Intervention
363(1)
Timing of Intervention
363(1)
Preoperative Embolization
364(1)
Stereotactic Radiosurgery
365(1)
Surgical Technique
366(1)
Complications Avoidance
366(1)
Outcomes
367(1)
References
368(3)
Management of Residual Arteriovenous Malformations
371(12)
Daniel P. McCarthy
Stefan A. Mindea
Bernard R. Bendok
Christopher C. Getch
H. Hunt Batjer
Introduction
371(1)
Residual Malformations after Endovascular Embolization
372(3)
Residual Malformations after Radiosurgery
375(3)
Residual Malformations after Microsurgical Resection
378(2)
Conclusion
380(1)
References
380(3)
SECTION V: SPECIAL PROBLEMS
Critical Care Management
383(10)
Mark R. Harrigan
B. Gregory Thompson
Introduction
383(1)
Neurological Monitoring and Imaging
383(1)
Perioperative Cerebral Edema
384(2)
Cardiovascular Management
386(1)
Pulmonary Management
387(1)
Fluids and Electrolytes
387(1)
Nutrition and Diabetic Management
388(1)
Infectious Disease
389(1)
Sedation and Analgesia
389(1)
Glucocorticoids
390(1)
Thrombotic Complications
390(1)
Seizure Prophylaxis and Treatment
390(1)
References
390(3)
Surgical Complications
393(14)
Sean D. Lavine
Steven L. Giannotta
Introduction
393(1)
Preoperative Considerations
393(2)
Intraoperative Considerations
395(5)
Postoperative Considerations
400(3)
Summary
403(1)
References
403(4)
Endovascular Therapy: Indications, Complications, and Outcome
407(22)
Adnan H. Siddiqui
P. Roc Chen
Robert H. Rosenwasser
Introduction
407(1)
Cerebrovascular Malformations
407(1)
Natural History of AVMs
408(1)
Indications for Treatment
408(9)
Management Principles for Endovascular Treatment
417(5)
Complications: Avoidance and Management
422(2)
The Jefferson Hospital for Neuroscience Experience
424(1)
Summary
424(1)
References
424(5)
Radiosurgical Complications
429(22)
Alan C. Hartford
Paul Chapman
Philip E. Stieg
Christopher S. Ogilvy
Jay S. Loeffler
Historical Background
429(1)
Risk of Hemorrhage
430(4)
Transient Effects on Normal Brain Tissue
434(6)
Radionecrosis and Other Long-Term Effects
440(6)
Conclusions
446(1)
References
447(4)
SECTION VI: FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS
Endovascular Techniques
451(6)
Harry J. Cloft
Jacques E. Dion
Introduction
451(1)
Microcatheters
452(1)
Embolic Materials
452(2)
Reduction of Complications
454(1)
Conclusions
455(1)
References
455(2)
Radiosurgery
457(12)
Douglas Kondziolka
L. Dade Lunsford
John C. Flickinger
Introduction
457(1)
Radiobiology of Vascular Malformation Radiosurgery
457(1)
Indications for AVM Radiosurgery
458(1)
Clinical Experience
458(1)
Stereotactic Radiosurgery Technique
458(3)
AVM Obliteration
461(1)
Postradiosurgery Effects
461(2)
Repeat Radiosurgery
463(1)
Staged Volume Radiosurgery
463(1)
Future Roles for AVM Radiosurgery
463(2)
Summary
465(1)
References
465(4)
Molecular Biology of Arteriovenous Malformations
469(14)
Michael L. DiLuna
Turker Kilic
Issam A. Awad
Murat Gunel
Introduction
469(1)
Angiogenesis and Vasculogenesis
469(2)
Mendelian Forms of AVMs
471(4)
Molecular Information on Sporadic AVMs
475(4)
Future Research
479(1)
References
479(4)
Surgical Approaches
483(8)
Daniel P. McCarthy
Bernard R. Bendok
Christopher C. Getch
H. Hunt Batjer
Introduction
483(1)
Drug Delivery Systems
483(1)
Surgical Instrumentation
484(2)
Anatomical, Physiological and Operatively Integrated Imaging
486(2)
Advanced Operating Suite
488(1)
Conclusion
489(1)
References
489(2)
Index 491


Philip E. Stieg, H. Hunt Batjer, Duke Samson
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