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E-raamat: Introducing Phonetic Science

(University College London), (University College London)
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This accessible textbook provides a clear and practical introduction to phonetics, the study of speech. Assuming no prior knowledge of the topic, it introduces students to the fundamental concepts in phonetic science, and equips them with the essential skills needed for recognizing, describing and transcribing a range of speech sounds. Numerous graded exercises enable students to put these skills into practice, and the sounds introduced are clearly illustrated with examples from a variety of English accents and other languages. As well as looking at traditional articulatory description, the book introduces acoustic and other instrumental techniques for analysing speech, and covers topics such as speech and writing, the nature of transcription, hearing and speech perception, linguistic universals, and the basic concepts of phonology. Providing a solid foundation in phonetics, Introducing Phonetic Science will be invaluable to all students beginning courses in linguistics, speech sciences, language pathology and language therapy. Further exercises will be available on an accompanying website.

Arvustused

'This rigorous and comprehensive introduction will prove to be invaluable not only to students of phonetics and linguistics but to all who are interested in the study of sound, speech and language.' Professor Yoshiki Nagase, University of Yamanashi, Japan 'Ashby and Maidment have succeeded in synthesizing complex and challenging material in a way that is accessible to beginners I have not used a better introductory textbook on the subject.' Dominic Watt, Department of Linguistics, University of Aberdeen 'An excellent introductory textbook. It is the only one that truly combines articulatory and instrumental approaches to phonetics. In addition it has a abundance of clear and helpful exercises.' William Idsardi, Department of Linguistics, University of Delaware 'Ashby and Maidment succeed resoundingly in introducing the basics of phonetics from scratch They have illustrated the text excellently, with large, well-explained spectrograms and diagrams, and the volume is clearly written, with individual chapters on place and manner of articulation, phonation, air-stream mechanisms, co-articulation, suprasegmentals, speech perception and basic phonology. Students of phonology and phonetics would benefit and will find some explanations that are clearly better than those available elsewhere.' The Times Higher Education Supplement 'This introductory textbook in phonetics is excellently composed and written, it's style being mostly clear and elegant in spite of the complex topic. It contains a large number of figures, tables and practical exercises. Illuminating sound examples have been taken from several languages from different parts of the world. It also treats some issues that are usually not included in introductory textbooks, e.g. voice types, click modification, hearing deficiencies. ... the book will be highly recommendable, due to its very high quality in terms of coverage, as well as macro- and micro-level composition.' Moderna Sprak

Muu info

This accessible textbook provides a clear and practical introduction to phonetics, the study of speech.
Introduction to speech
1(20)
Introduction
2(1)
Sounds and symbols
2(2)
Transcribing sounds
4(1)
Types of transcription
5(2)
Syllables
7(1)
Segments: vowels and consonants
7(2)
Suprasegmentals
9(1)
Speech as an acoustic signal
9(1)
Writing systems
10(3)
The relationship between speech and writing
13(2)
Problems with syllables and segments
15(6)
Chapter summary
16(1)
Exercises
16(3)
Further reading
19(2)
Voice
21(12)
Introduction
22(1)
The larynx
22(1)
Vocal folds
22(1)
Voiced and voiceless sounds
22(2)
Observing vocal fold vibration
24(2)
Voicing in languages
26(1)
Whisper
26(3)
Aperiodic waves
29(4)
Chapter summary
30(1)
Exercises
31(1)
Further reading
32(1)
Place of articulation
33(18)
Introduction
34(1)
A brief tour of the vocal tract
34(2)
Articulation
36(1)
Place
36(4)
Complex articulations
40(1)
Homorganic sounds
40(1)
Instrumental techniques
41(4)
Places of articulation used in languages of the world
45(6)
Chapter summary
46(1)
Exercises
46(3)
Further reading
49(2)
Manner of articulation
51(18)
Introduction
52(1)
Airflow, pressure, turbulence
52(1)
Degree of stricture: obstruent and sonorant
53(1)
Stops: oral and nasal, plosive and affricate
54(2)
Fricatives: median and lateral
56(1)
Approximants: median and lateral
57(2)
Taps, flaps and trills
59(2)
Voice, place, manner labels
61(1)
Use of manners of articulation in the world's languages
61(8)
Chapter summary
63(1)
Exercises
63(4)
Further reading
67(2)
Vowels
69(22)
Introduction
70(1)
Spectrum and resonance
70(2)
Vowel articulation
72(3)
Long and short vowels
75(1)
Oral and nasalised vowels
75(1)
Monophthong vs diphthong
75(1)
The vowel quadrilateral
76(1)
Cardinal vowels
77(2)
Vowel systems
79(1)
Vowel instability and variability
80(11)
Chapter summary
83(1)
Exercises
84(5)
Further reading
89(2)
Voice II
91(12)
Introduction
92(1)
Voice Onset Time
92(1)
Aspiration
92(3)
Devoicing
95(2)
Phonation type
97(6)
Chapter summary
99(1)
Exercises
99(2)
Further reading
101(2)
Airstream mechanisms
103(14)
Introduction
104(1)
Airstream generation
104(1)
Ejectives
105(3)
Implosives
108(2)
Clicks
110(7)
Chapter summary
114(1)
Exercises
114(1)
Further reading
115(2)
Speech sounds and speech movements
117(18)
Introduction
118(1)
Primary and secondary articulation
118(2)
The linguistic use of secondary articulation
120(2)
Coarticulation
122(7)
Acoustic and physiological data
129(6)
Chapter summary
132(1)
Exercises
132(1)
Further reading
133(2)
Basic phonological concepts
135(18)
Contrast
136(1)
Minimal pair
136(1)
Environment and distribution
137(3)
Alternation
140(1)
Phonological processes
140(2)
Features
142(2)
Underlying and surface forms
144(1)
Phonological rules
144(1)
The syllable
145(1)
Phonotactics
146(7)
Chapter summary
148(1)
Exercises
148(3)
Further reading
151(2)
Suprasegmentals
153(24)
Introduction
154(1)
Fundamental frequency and pitch
154(1)
Stress
154(6)
Rhythm
160(2)
Lexical tone
162(3)
Intonation
165(6)
Paralinguistic features
171(6)
Chapter summary
172(1)
Exercises
173(3)
Further reading
176(1)
Speaker and hearer
177(12)
Introduction
178(1)
The hearing mechanism
178(2)
Visual cues
180(1)
Speech perception tests
181(2)
Cue redundancy
183(1)
Speech development
184(1)
Hearing impairments
185(4)
Chapter summary
187(1)
Further reading
187(2)
Glossary 189(12)
Solutions to the exercises 201(18)
Index 219


Michael Ashby is Senior Lecturer in Phonetics at University College London. John Maidment is Lecturer in Phonetics at University College London.