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E-raamat: Jainism: An Indian Religion of Nonviolence

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  • Ilmumisaeg: 31-Oct-2025
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781040451090
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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 31-Oct-2025
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781040451090

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This book is a multi-faceted, thorough, and yet compact introduction to Jainism. It presents the history and scripture of Jainism, a religion that originated in ancient India and still exists today.

A work of primarily philological nature, giving a close look at the history and development of Jain scriptural traditions based on the tradition of German Indology, this accessible introduction is available for the first time for an English-speaking audience. Readers will encounter an accessible, easy-toread, and up-to-date overview of Jainism according to Svetambara tradition, with reference to the Digambara tradition as well.

The author also offers anthropological, archaeological, and art-historical information from the field of Jain Studies. It will be of interest to students studying Religious Studies, Asian Religions and South Asian Studies as well as a wider public audience without in-depth previous knowledge of Jainism looking for a concise, yet innovative and insightful introduction.



This book is a multi-faceted, thorough, and yet compact introduction to Jainism. It presents the history and scripture of Jainism, a religion that originated in ancient India and still exists today.

Arvustused

Patrick Krügers Jainism: An Indian Religion of Nonviolence offers an accessible scholarly introduction to the Jain tradition. Drawing on his background in German Indology, Krüger explains the history, scriptures, and development of Jainism, raising thought-provoking questions for scholars and general readers alike about the teachings of a nonviolent religious tradition that remains perennially relevant.

Christopher Jain Miller, Arihanta Institute, author of Embodying Transnational Yoga: Eating, Singing, and Breathing in Transformation

Patrick Krügers Jainism: An Indian Religion of Nonviolence offers a meticulously researched and thematically comprehensive introduction to the Jain tradition. Grounded in the philological approach of German Indology, the volume presents both historical nuance and textual insight, while remaining accessible to a broad readership. It is a welcome and timely contribution to the growing field of Jain Studies and will serve as a valuable resource for scholars, educators, and students alike.

Venu Mehta, Claremont School of Theology, USA

This is a highly informative and well-organized introduction to the Jain tradition. Its translation into English will be a boon both to students and to anyone who is interested in learning more about this fascinating tradition and its important and ever-relevant message of nonviolence. Covering topics ranging from history to literature to ascetic practice, it is a treasure trove of useful information for anyone who wants to learn more about how Jain traditions have been lived from the ancient past to the present day.

Jeffery D. Long, Carl W. Zeigler Professor of Religion, Philosophy, and Asian Studies, Elizabethtown College, USA

List of Figures x

Foreword xii

Acknowledgments xiv

Prologue 1

1 The Jina 6

The Jina Mahvra 8

The Legend of Mahvra 11

The Predecessors of Mahvra 17

Prva 19

Arianemi 20

abha 21

2 Development and Growth of Jainism 24

Beginnings 25

Antiquity (ca. 500 BCE to 500 CE) 26

Medieval Period (ca. 500 CE to 1500 CE) 30

Modern Times (ca. 1500 CE to 1800 CE) 33

Colonial Period and Present (since ca. 1800 CE) 35

History of Academic Research 37

3 Literature and Tradition 41

Canonical Literature 43

The Books of the Canon 44

Twelve Limbs (aga) 44

Twelve Secondary Limbs (upga) 46

Chedastras 47

Mlastras 47

Prakrakastras 48

Clikastras 49

Post-Canonical and Modern Literature 49

4 Understanding the World, Ethics, and Philosophy 54

Cosmology 55

Time and Time Eras 56

World and Universe 58

Cosmos 58

World 63

Development and Transmission of Jain Cosmology 65

Basic Ethical Principles of Jainism 74

Conception of the Soul 77

The Soul in the Cycles of Birth 78

Embodiment and States of the Soul 80

Living Beings 81

Body 82

Colors of the Soul 83

Function and Effect of Karma 84

Steps to Liberation 86

5 Religious Practice 93

The Jain Community 93

Religious Practice of Ascetics 95

Religious Practice of the Laity 98

Ceremonies of Worship 101

Jain Deities 103

Temples and Ascetic Lodgings 105

Religious Festivals 108

Pilgrimage 112

6 Art and Symbolism 116

The Representation of the Jina 117

Bronze Altars 120

Jain Painting and Book Art 123

Wall and Ceiling Painting 123

Painted Book Covers 124

Palm Leaf Manuscripts 125

Paper Manuscripts 126

Jain Symbols 127

Eight Auspicious Symbols (aamagala) 127

Sacred Syllables 129

Epilogue 132

Glossary 135

Index 140
Patrick Felix Krüger studied South Asian Art and Archaeology, History of East Asian Art at Free University of Berlin and South Asian History at Humboldt University of Berlin. Since 2016, he has been Research Associate at the Center for Religious Studies (CERES), Research Section for Jainism of Ruhr-University Bochum.

Translators:

Marion Frenger is an independent researcher and art historian specializing in the arts of South and Southeast Asia. She has published on both pre-modern and contemporary South Asian art and co-edited Von Gibraltar bis zum Ganges. Studien zur Islamischen Kunstgeschichte in memoriam Christian Ewert (2010).

Christopher Jain Miller is Professor of Jain and Yoga Studies and VP of Academic Affairs at Arihanta Institute, Visiting Researcher at the University of Zürichs Asien-Orient-Institut, and Visiting Professor at Claremont School of Theology. He is the author of Embodying Transnational Yoga: Eating, Singing, and Breathing in Transformation (Routledge 2024) and the co-editor of Engaged Jainism: Critical and Constructive Studies of Jain Social Engagement (SUNY 2025) as well as Beacons of Dharma: Spiritual Exemplars for the Modern Age (Lexington 2020).