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E-raamat: Landscape and Land Use in First Millennium BC Southeast Italy: Planting the Seeds of Change

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This book offers a comprehensive overview of landscape and land use in southeast Italy in the first millennium BCE. Using the most up-to-date techniques, it combines archaeobotanical and archaeozoological data with information from excavations, field surveys, and ancient written texts to place the relationship between people and landscapes in a broad geographical and chronological framework. It also confronts questions of food habits, the scale and organization of agricultural production, the influx of Greek and Roman colonists, and the effects of globalization on local and regional land use.
 
Preface ix
1 Introduction
1(8)
1.1 Archaeological research of landscape and land use in southeast Italy
1(3)
1.2 Aims and research questions
4(2)
1.3 Research method
6(1)
1.4 Structure of the book
7(2)
2 Case Study 1: l'Amastuola
9(44)
2.1 Introduction: The site and its surroundings
9(1)
2.2 History of research
10(2)
2.3 The archaeological research
12(14)
2.3.1 Diachronic overview
12(2)
2.3.2 Specific contexts
14(12)
2.4 The archaeobotanical research
26(7)
2.4.1 Sampling methods and data
26(1)
2.4.2 Charcoal
27(4)
2.4.3 Seeds and fruits
31(2)
2.5 The archaeobotanical research: Interpretations
33(16)
2.5.1 The use of wood
33(4)
2.5.2 Food preparation and diet
37(8)
2.5.3 Grape and olive cultivation
45(2)
2.5.4 The use of plants in ritual activities
47(2)
2.6 Summary and conclusion
49(4)
3 Case Study 2: Muro Tenente
53(34)
3.1 Introduction: The site and its surroundings
53(1)
3.2 History of research
53(1)
3.3 The archaeological research
54(9)
3.3.1 Diachronic overview
54(4)
3.3.2 Specific contexts
58(5)
3.4 The archaeobotanical research
63(5)
3.4.1 Sampling methods and data
63(1)
3.4.2 Charcoal
63(3)
3.4.3 Seeds and fruits
66(2)
3.5 The archaeobotanical research: Interpretations
68(16)
3.5.1 The use of wood
68(6)
3.5.2 Food preparation and diet
74(4)
3.5.3 Grape and olive cultivation
78(3)
3.5.4 The use of plants in ritual activities
81(3)
3.6 Summary and conclusion
84(3)
4 Meso Level: Landscape and Land use Around l'Amastuola and Muro Tenente
87(24)
4.1 Introduction
87(1)
4.2 L'Amastuola
88(14)
4.2.1 The landscape
88(3)
Box 1 Mediterranean plant communities
91(3)
4.2.2 Land use
94(4)
Box 2 The storage capacity of the grain silos at l'Amastuola
98(4)
4.3 MuroTenente
102(7)
4.3.1 The landscape
102(3)
4.3.2 Land use
105(4)
Box 3 Confronting the grape measurements from Muro Tenente (unit 89) with the statistical analysis program SPSS
109(1)
4.4 Conclusion: Landscape and land use at l'Amastuola and Muro Tenente compared
109(2)
5 Macro Level: Part One
111(74)
5.1 Introduction
111(1)
5.2 A short introduction to archaeobotanical research in southeast Italy, and the archaeological sites
112(5)
5.3 Research aspects
117(68)
5.3.1 The use of wood
117(2)
5.3.2 Food preparation and diet
119(12)
5.3.3 Grape and olive cultivation
131(16)
5.3.4 The use of plants in ritual activities
147(13)
Tables chapter 5
160(25)
6 Macro Level: Part Two
185(32)
6.1 Introduction
185(1)
6.2 The Final Bronze Age (c. 1200-1000 BC)
186(3)
6.3 The Early Iron Age (c. 1000-600 BC)
189(7)
6.4 The Archaic/Classical periods (c. 600-325 BC)
196(11)
6.5 The Early Hellenistic Period (c. 325-200 BC)
207(7)
6.6 Epilogue: Southeast Italy in the Late Hellenistic/Early Roman period (200-30 BC). Nothing but sheep and olive trees?
214(3)
7 Conclusions
217(8)
7.1 Introduction, restatement of research aims and method
217(1)
7.2 Long-term developments in landscape and land use
217(2)
7.3 Long-term developments in the scale and organization of agricultural production: Expansion, rationalization, specialization
219(3)
7.4 The effect of Greek colonization
222(1)
7.5 Future research
223(2)
LIST OF FIGURES
225(4)
BIBLIOGRAPHY
229(24)
APPENDIX I ARCHAEOBOTANICAL SAMPLE PROCESSING
253(4)
A 1.1 Methodology: General introduction
253(1)
A 1.2 Archaeobotanical sampling at l'Amastuola, Muro Tenente and Li Castelli
254(1)
A 1.3 Recommendations
254(3)
APPENDIX 2 ARCHAEOBOTANICAL ANALYSES FROM L'AMASTUOLA, COMPLETE RESULTS
257(10)
A 2.1 Results: Seeds and fruits
257(4)
A 2.2 Results: Charcoal
261(6)
APPENDIX 3 ARCHAEOBOTANICAL ANALYSES FROM MURO TENENTE, COMPLETE RESULTS
267(5)
A 3.1 Results: Seeds and fruits
267(3)
A 3.2 Results: Charcoal
270(2)
APPENDIX 4 ARCHAEOBOTANICAL ANALYSES FROM LI CASTELLI DI SAN PANCRAZIO SALENTINO, COMPLETE RESULTS
272(5)
A 4.1 Introduction to the site
272(2)
A 4.2 Results: Seeds and fruits
274(1)
A 4.3 Results: Charcoal
275(2)
APPENDIX 5 GRAPE MEASUREMENTS MURO TENENTE AND L'AMASTUOLA
277(5)
A 5.1 Morphometric analysis methods to distinguish between cultivated and wild grapes (Vitis vinifera var. vinifera vs Vitis vinifera var. sylvestris)
277(1)
A 5.2 Results: Muro Tenente
278(3)
A 5.3 Results: l'Amastuola
281(1)
APPENDIX 6 ANCIENT WRITTEN TEXT FRAGMENTS
282(9)
Index 291
Daphne Lentjes studied Mediterranean archaeology at VU University Amsterdam and the Università del Salento in Lecce, Italy. She has over 15 years of experience working as a botanical specialist on excavations in Italy and Greece and has published widely on the use of archaeological plant remains to reconstruct landscapes and farming practices. as a botanical specialist on excavations in Italy and Greece and has published widely on the use of archaeological plant remains to reconstruct landscapes and farming practices.