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E-raamat: Limits of Peacekeeping: Volume 4, The Official History of Australian Peacekeeping, Humanitarian and Post-Cold War Operations: Australian Missions in Africa and the Americas, 1992-2005

Edited by (Australian National University, Canberra), Edited by (Australian National University, Canberra), Edited by (Deakin University, Victoria), Edited by (Australian War Memorial), Edited by (Australian National University, Canberra)
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  • Ilmumisaeg: 10-Oct-2018
  • Kirjastus: Cambridge University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108340090
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  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 10-Oct-2018
  • Kirjastus: Cambridge University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108340090

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Volume IV of The Official History of Australian Peacekeeping, Humanitarian and Post-Cold War Operations explores the Australian government's peacekeeping efforts in Africa and the Americas from 1992 to 2005. It is an authoritative and compelling history of Australia's changing attitudes towards peacekeeping.

The Limits of Peacekeeping highlights the Australian government's peacekeeping efforts in Africa and the Americas from 1992 to 2005. Changing world power structures and increased international cooperation saw a boom in Australia's peacekeeping operations between 1991 and 1995. The initial optimism of this period proved to be misplaced, as the limits of the United Nations and the international community to resolve deep-seated problems became clear. There were also limits on how many missions a middle-sized country like Australia could support. Restricted by the size of the armed forces and financial and geographic constraints, peacekeeping was always a secondary task to ensuring the defence of Australia. Faith in the effectiveness of peacekeeping reduced significantly, and the election of the Howard Coalition Government in 1996 confined peacekeeping missions to the near region from 1996–2001. This volume is an authoritative and compelling history of Australia's changing attitudes towards peacekeeping.

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This volume explores the Australian government's peacekeeping efforts in Africa and the Americas from 1992 to 2005.
List of maps
x
Preface xi
Chronology, 1992--2001 xix
Abbreviations xxiv
1 Whither the good international citizen? Australia's approach to peacekeeping, 1991--96
1(26)
The Hawke Government and peacekeeping, 1983--89
1(5)
A `new world order', 1990--91
6(3)
More peacekeeping missions, 1991
9(2)
The Keating Government and peacekeeping, 1992
11(2)
Debates over peacekeeping, 1993
13(4)
Peacekeeping loses its appeal, 1993--94
17(6)
Whither the good international citizen, 1995--96?
23(4)
PART 1 SOMALIA
27(172)
2 Towards peace enforcement: Australia responds to the Somalia disaster, 1992
29(26)
Somalia's colonial legacy
32(1)
The Barre dictatorship
33(4)
Civil war
37(1)
Establishing Unosom
38(2)
Australia commits troops
40(3)
Operation Iguana
43(2)
Forming Unitaf
45(3)
Deciding on Australia's contribution
48(4)
Announcing the decision
52(3)
3 Australian Force Somalia: Deploying the 1 RAR Battalion Group, December 1992 -- January 1993
55(25)
Warning and preliminary planning
56(1)
Establishing the 1 RAR Battalion Group
57(5)
Developments in Somalia
62(2)
Commander of the Australian Force Somalia
64(1)
RAN support
65(2)
National liaison team
67(3)
Reconnaissance
70(1)
Disarming the clan armies
71(2)
Townsville preparations
73(1)
The fragile ceasefire
74(1)
The Australian MCU
75(1)
1 RAR Advance Party
76(1)
The main body arrives
77(3)
4 `The unforgiving school of trial and error': The 1 RAR Battalion Group in Somalia, January--February 1993
80(37)
Assessing the task
81(2)
Securing home base
83(4)
Situation in Baidoa
87(2)
Into town
89(3)
Human and cultural intelligence
92(2)
Responses to provocation
94(2)
Weapons confiscation
96(1)
Lethal white light
97(2)
Into the countryside
99(4)
First food distributions
103(2)
Creating a `fair go' for food
105(1)
Command tensions
106(2)
Unauthorised discharges
108(1)
Tough times
109(1)
Occupation of Baidoa
109(1)
February firefights
110(2)
Keeping the pressure on
112(1)
Keeping bandits off balance in the countryside
113(2)
Progress so far
115(2)
5 Achieving the mission: Australian civil-military operations in Somalia, March-May 1993
117(29)
Ascendancy
119(1)
Reluctant political engagement
119(2)
Cul ture of corruption
121(1)
Contest for power
121(2)
Attempting to restore law and order
123(2)
`Road Runners' and `Night Riders'
125(3)
Adapting command and control
128(1)
Fraught resupply
129(4)
Last skirmishes
133(3)
Mission accomplished
136(1)
Redeployment
137(1)
Revelations of Operation Solace
138(8)
6 Maintaining a commitment: Australia's role in Unosom II, 1993
146(29)
Establishing Unosom II
146(4)
Deciding Australia's role in Unosom II
150(3)
RAN operations
153(2)
Australian Contingent II
155(2)
Unosom II takes over
157(1)
Conflict with Aideed
158(5)
Further UN requests
163(2)
Continuing conflict
165(2)
Black Hawk down
167(2)
Australian Contingent III
169(2)
Limiting Australia's commitment
171(4)
7 `Our name would not be worth much if we turned tail': Withdrawing from Somalia, 1994--95
175(24)
Reviewing Australia's commitment
175(4)
Australian Contingent IV
179(6)
Deciding to withdraw
185(4)
Withdrawal of ASC IV
189(3)
Australian Federal Police in Somalia
192(3)
Conclusion
195(4)
PART 2 RWANDA
199(142)
8 `Somebody do something': The Rwandan genocide and Australia, 1994
201(29)
The origins of an ethnic division
201(2)
An independent Rwanda
203(1)
The path to genocide
204(4)
Enter the United Nations
208(2)
The genocide
210(3)
The international response to the genocide
213(6)
Turquoise
219(2)
The Australian response to the genocide
221(3)
Hesitation, then commitment
224(6)
9 After the tempest: The first contingent to Rwanda, August 1994 -- February 1995
230(37)
Creating the first Australian contingent
230(7)
The situation in Rwanda
237(5)
ASCI arrives in Rwanda
242(5)
The heart of the matter: The Medical Company and its work
247(6)
Teething troubles
253(4)
Trying to live together
257(3)
Unamir, the RPA and the development of the Australian mission
260(7)
10 Increasingly unwelcome guests: The second contingent to Rwanda, February-August 1995
267(35)
Creating the second contingent
268(3)
The second contingent arrives
271(2)
The Australians and the multinational environment
273(3)
Settling in with the RPA
276(4)
The continuing work of the Medical Company
280(3)
The Rifle Company
283(4)
Rest and relaxation
287(2)
Headquarters Ausmed and the logistic company
289(4)
The second contingent's tour
293(3)
The end
296(6)
11 Mandate meets reality: Kibeho, April 1995
302(39)
Background
303(1)
Fixing the problem
304(3)
The lead-up
307(1)
18 April 1995
308(2)
19 April 1995
310(3)
20-21 April 1995
313(2)
22 April 1995
315(7)
23 April and the problem of counting the dead
322(4)
Could the Australians have stopped the massacre?
326(6)
More work at Kibeho and the aftermath
332(4)
Kibeho and Australia's mission in Rwanda
336(5)
PART 3 THE KEATING GOVERNMENT'S LAST MISSIONS
341(108)
12 A success story in Africa: Australia and the Mozambique elections, 1994
343(37)
A Portuguese colony
344(2)
Civil war
346(1)
From Rome to Onumoz
346(4)
The Commonwealth connection
350(3)
A tangible contribution
353(2)
The rush to Maputo
355(2)
First impressions
357(3)
A thin blue line
360(1)
Adapt or perish
361(3)
Different and dangerous
364(5)
A hundred days in Mozambique
369(2)
Countdown to the elections
371(2)
Free and fair elections
373(3)
End of the mission
376(1)
A UN success story
377(3)
13 Adrift in Africa: Australian deminers in Mozambique, 1994-2002
380(38)
Background
381(2)
No room for Onumoz
383(3)
Getting Unohac on track
386(2)
The first contingent
388(1)
Fixing the MCTC
389(4)
The move to Maputo
393(2)
The future of demining beyond Onumoz
395(2)
The transition period
397(3)
Operation Coracle, 1995--2002
400(4)
`Combat gardening'
404(1)
Working and living in Mozambique
405(4)
Difficulties and challenges
409(4)
Leaving Mozambique
413(3)
Conclusion
416(2)
14 One for the alliance: The commitment to Haiti, 1994--95
418(15)
Background
418(1)
Aristide and another Haitian crisis
419(6)
Australia and the Haitian crisis
425(8)
15 To the Caribbean: Australian police operations in Haiti, 1994--95
433(16)
The contingent
433(3)
The operation
436(1)
The Australians arrive
437(9)
The end and afterwards
446(3)
PART 4 THE HOWARD GOVERNMENT'S MISSIONS
449(113)
16 Defining the national interest: The Howard Government and peacekeeping, 1996--2001
451(12)
More continuity than change
452(3)
Peacekeeping in Australia's Strategic Policy
455(1)
Becoming a `major player'
456(2)
Defence 2000 white paper
458(2)
Australia and UN peacekeeping after 2000
460(2)
Conclusion
462(1)
17 Universal peacekeepers? Guatemala, 1997
463(17)
Guatemala's civil war
463(4)
Australia and Minugua
467(4)
The deployment
471(2)
Problems of communication
473(2)
Operations in Guatemala
475(5)
18 `Backing a winner': Australia and the UN mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea, 2001--05
480(41)
The war, 1998--2000
481(4)
The United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea
485(3)
A new Australian commitment to peace operations in Africa
488(8)
Training officer
496(4)
Engineer officer
500(2)
Geomatic engineering officer
502(5)
Living and working in Eritrea
507(7)
Australia's departure and Unmee's long decline
514(5)
Conclusion
519(2)
19 `Two guys can, and do, make a big difference': Australian advisers in Sierra Leone, 2001--03
521(41)
The Sierra Leone civil war
522(4)
Halting steps towards international intervention
526(2)
Unamsil's crisis and British intervention
528(2)
International Military Advisory and Training Team
530(3)
The Australian contribution to Sierra Leone
533(5)
ASC 1-2 and the defeat of the RUF
538(5)
Building a peacetime army: ASC 3--4
543(3)
Being an adviser
546(5)
Living and working in Sierra Leone
551(4)
Helicopters in Sierra Leone
555(3)
Assessing Operation Husky
558(3)
Conclusion
561(1)
Conclusion 562(9)
Appendix A Key United Nations Security Council resolutions 571(2)
Appendix B Major office bearers, 1991--2006 573(5)
Appendix C Australian peacekeepers and post-traumatic stress disorder 578(29)
Bibliography 607(21)
Index 628
Jean Bou is a senior lecturer at the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre at the Australian National University. He is the author, co-author or editor of ten books on Australian military history. Bob Breen is the Director of Professional Practice Qualifications at Deakin University, Victoria, and a Visiting Fellow at the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre at the Australian National University. He is also the author of Volume V of this series, The Good Neighbour (Cambridge, 2016). David Horner, AM, FASSA, is an emeritus professor in the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre at the Australian National University, where he was previously professor of Australian defence history. He is the Official Historian of Australian Peacekeeping, Humanitarian and Post-Cold War Operations. Garth Pratten is a Senior Lecturer in Military Operations in the Strategic and Defence Studies Centre at the Australian National University. He is the author or co-author of several books on Australia's military history.