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E-raamat: Long-Vowel Shifts in English, c.1050-1700: Evidence from Spelling

(Universitetet i Oslo)
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: Studies in English Language
  • Ilmumisaeg: 11-Mar-2016
  • Kirjastus: Cambridge University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781316496657
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Long-Vowel Shifts in English, c.1050-1700: Evidence from SpellingSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: PDF+DRM
  • Sari: Studies in English Language
  • Ilmumisaeg: 11-Mar-2016
  • Kirjastus: Cambridge University Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781316496657
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"The English language has undergone many sound changes in its long history. Some of these changes had a profound effect on the pronunciation of the language. A number of these significant instances of language evolution are generally grouped together andtermed the 'Great Vowel Shift'. These changes are generally considered to be unrelated to other, similar long-vowel changes taking place a little earlier. This book assesses an extensive range of irregular Middle English spellings for all these changes, with a view to identifying the real course of events: the dates, the chronology, and the dialects that stand out as being innovative. Using empirical evidence to offer a fresh perspective and drawing new, convincing conclusions, Stenbrenden offers an interpretation of the history of the English language which may change our view of sound change completely"--

Muu info

This thorough analysis of documented Middle English spelling establishes when and where long-vowel change took place.
List of figures
xi
List of tables
xii
List of abbreviations
xiv
1 Introduction
1(36)
1.1 Chain-shifts
1(2)
1.2 Topics and aims
3(11)
1.2.1 Middle English long-vowel change
3(4)
1.2.2 Previous research on the `Great Vowel Shift'
7(3)
1.2.3 What is wrong with the traditional account of the `GVS'?
10(2)
1.2.4 The purpose and scope of this study
12(2)
1.3 Description of sources and method
14(8)
1.3.1 Introduction and description of LALME
14(1)
1.3.2 Introduction and description of SMED
15(3)
1.3.3 Introduction and description of LAEME
18(2)
1.3.4 Introduction and description of additional ME sources
20(1)
1.3.5 The corpus approach
21(1)
1.4 Presentation of material, notation, and organisation
22(3)
1.4.1 Material from LAEME
23(1)
1.4.2 Material from SMED
23(1)
1.4.3 Material from LALME
23(1)
1.4.4 Material from additional ME sources
24(1)
1.4.5 Notation
24(1)
1.4.6 Organisation
25(1)
1.5 On using spelling as evidence for sound change
25(12)
2 The development of OE a
37(41)
2.1 Introduction
37(1)
2.2 On the nature of OE a
37(3)
2.3 Handbooks on the development of OE a
40(2)
2.4 Discussion
42(3)
2.4.1 On <o(o)> as evidence of change
42(2)
2.4.2 On French loans and MEOSL
44(1)
2.5 Discussion of material for OE a
45(13)
2.5.1 Discussion of LAEME material
46(2)
2.5.2 Discussion of SMED material
48(4)
2.5.3 Discussion of LALME material
52(1)
2.5.4 OE w+a
53(1)
2.5.5 OE --eald, --ald
53(5)
2.6 Summary and conclusions
58(7)
2.7 Tables of ME material
65(13)
2.7.1 Material from LAEME
65(8)
2.7.2 Material from SMED
73(5)
3 The development of OE ae
78(25)
3.1 Introduction
78(2)
3.2 Discussion
80(17)
3.2.1 Discussion of LAEME material
80(14)
3.2.2 Discussion of SMED material
94(1)
3.2.3 Discussion of LALME material
95(1)
3.2.4 Discussion of material from additional sources
96(1)
3.3 Summary and conclusions
97(6)
4 The development of OE e and eo
103(35)
4.1 Introduction
103(3)
4.2 Discussion
106(19)
4.2.1 Discussion of LAEME material
106(5)
4.2.2 Discussion of SMED material
111(6)
4.2.3 Discussion of LALME material
117(2)
4.2.4 Discussion of material from additional sources
119(6)
4.3 Summary and conclusions
125(13)
4.3.1 Old English e
125(2)
4.3.2 Old English eo
127(11)
5 The development of ME i
138(59)
5.1 Introduction
138(1)
5.2 The developments of various OE sources to eME i
139(4)
5.2.1 OE y/y
139(1)
5.2.2 OE i/i before g and voiced consonant clusters
139(1)
5.2.3 The diphthongs io, eo, ea
139(2)
5.2.4 Palatal mutation
141(2)
5.2.5 Other considerations
143(1)
5.3 On <ei>/<ey> as evidence of diphthongisation of ME i
143(21)
5.3.1 Arguments against interpreting <ei>/<ey> as evidence of diphthongisation
143(4)
5.3.2 Arguments for using <ei>/<ey> as evidence of diphthongisation
147(2)
5.3.3 The chronology of changes in the front vowel area
149(15)
5.4 Discussion of ME potential vowel-shift spellings for i
164(22)
5.4.1 Discussion of LAEME material
164(9)
5.4.2 Discussion of SMED material
173(3)
5.4.3 Discussion of LALME material
176(6)
5.4.4 Discussion of material from additional sources
182(4)
5.5 Summary and conclusions
186(11)
6 The development of OE o
197(42)
6.1 Introduction
197(2)
6.2 Discussion of ME spellings
199(31)
6.2.1 Discussion of LAEME material
199(5)
6.2.2 Discussion of SMED material
204(10)
6.2.3 Discussion of LALME material
214(4)
6.2.4 Discussion of material from additional sources
218(3)
6.2.5 Discussion of northern fronting and southern raising
221(9)
6.3 Summary and conclusions
230(9)
6.3.1 The southern shift o > [ u:]
230(2)
6.3.2 The northern shift o > [ u:]
232(7)
7 The development of ME u
239(23)
7.1 Introduction
239(3)
7.2 Discussion of ME spellings
242(10)
7.2.1 Discussion of LAEME material
242(3)
7.2.2 Discussion of SMED material
245(1)
7.2.3 Discussion of LALME material
246(3)
7.2.4 Discussion of material from additional sources
249(2)
7.2.5 Discussion of inverted <ug>/<uw> spellings for OE u
251(1)
7.3 Summary and conclusions
252(10)
8 The development of OE y
262(36)
8.1 Introduction
262(3)
8.2 Discussion of ME spellings
265(23)
8.2.1 Discussion of LAEME material
265(13)
8.2.2 Discussion of SMED material
278(4)
8.2.3 Discussion of LALME material
282(3)
8.2.4 Discussion of material from additional sources
285(3)
8.3 Summary and conclusions
288(10)
8.3.1 The general development of OE y and lengthened OE y
288(4)
8.3.2 Diphthongisation and raising of eME y
292(6)
9 Summary and conclusions
298(25)
9.1 Summaries of long-vowel shifts
298(10)
9.1.1 The development of OE y
298(2)
9.1.2 The development of OE a
300(2)
9.1.3 The development of OE ae
302(1)
9.1.4 The development of OE e and eo
303(1)
9.1.5 The development of eME o
304(2)
9.1.6 The development of ME i
306(1)
9.1.7 The development of eME u
307(1)
9.1.8 Conclusion
308(1)
9.2 Isolative vs. combinative change, and lexical diffusion
308(1)
9.3 The dating of the `GVS'
309(3)
9.4 The `GVS' in a wider perspective
312(11)
9.4.1 The inception of sound-change
312(8)
9.4.2 The adoption and spread of sound-change
320(3)
References 323(15)
Index 338
Gjertrud Flermoen Stenbrenden is Associate Professor of English Language at Universitetet i Oslo.
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