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E-raamat: Making Requests by Chinese EFL Learners

(University of Macau)
  • Formaat: 215 pages
  • Sari: Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 207
  • Ilmumisaeg: 10-May-2011
  • Kirjastus: John Benjamins Publishing Co
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789027286802
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Making Requests by Chinese EFL LearnersSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 215 pages
  • Sari: Pragmatics & Beyond New Series 207
  • Ilmumisaeg: 10-May-2011
  • Kirjastus: John Benjamins Publishing Co
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9789027286802
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Requests, a speech act people frequently use to perform everyday social interactions, have attracted particular attenTION IN Politeness theories, pragmatics, and second language acquisition. This book looks at request behaviours in a significant EFL population - Chinese speaking learners of English. It will draw on recent literature, such as politeness theories and cognitive models for interlanguage pragmatics development, as well as placing special emphasis on situational context and formulaic language to provide a more fine-grained investigation. A rnage of request scenarios has been specifically designed for this project, from common service encounters to highly face-threatening situations such as borrowing money and asking a favour of police officer. Our findings on Chinese-style pragmatic behaviours and patterns of pragmatic development will be of value to cross-cultural pragmatics researchers, TESOL professionals, and university students with an interest in this area of study.
Preface ix
List of tables
xi
List of abbreviations
xiii
Acknowledgements xv
Chapter 1 Introduction
1(8)
ILP and requesting
2(2)
The context-based and formulae-based approach
4(1)
Questions for this study
5(2)
Organisation of the book
7(2)
Chapter 2 Interlanguage pragmatics: A critical review
9(44)
2.1 Essential notions in relation to pragmatics
9(7)
2.1.1 What pragmatics studies
9(1)
2.1.2 Communicative competence
10(1)
2.1.3 Speech acts and requesting
11(5)
2.1.4 Indirect request realisations, politeness and cultural relativity
2.2 Cross-cultural speech-act realisation
16(26)
2.2.1 Cross-linguistic variation
21(8)
2.2.2 Interlanguage variation
29(13)
2.3 Two problems with previous ILP studies
42(9)
2.3.1 Context-based approach to ILP
42(3)
2.3.2 Formulae-based approach to ILP
45(6)
2.4 Summary
51(2)
Chapter 3 Method
53(14)
3.1 Respondents
53(1)
3.2 Issues around the native-speaker model
54(3)
3.3 Design of scenarios
57(4)
3.4 Data analysis methods
61(5)
3.4.1 Utterance length
61(1)
3.4.2 Strategy types
61(2)
3.4.3 Formulaic expressions
63(1)
3.4.4 Internal modifications
64(1)
3.4.5 External modifications
65(1)
3.5 Valid request utterances
66(1)
Chapter 4 Strategy use
67(22)
4.1 Strategy types and strategy categories: An overview
67(2)
4.2 Individual strategy types and categories
69(15)
4.2.1 Direct strategies
69(8)
4.2.2 Conventionally-Indirect strategies
77(4)
4.2.3 Non-conventionally indirect strategies
81(3)
4.3 Strategy use in scenarios
84(3)
4.4 Summary
87(2)
Chapter 5 Formulaic expressions
89(24)
5.1 The formulae repertoires of learners and native speakers
89(5)
5.1.1 The most commonly used formulae: Learners vs. native speakers
89(2)
5.1.2 Differences in preferred formulae between learners and native speakers
91(3)
5.2 Individual formula types
94(5)
5.2.1 Formulae commonly used by native speakers
94(2)
5.2.2 Formulae commonly used by learners
96(3)
5.3 Scenario-based use of formulae
99(11)
5.3.1 The distribution of formulae across all scenarios
99(2)
5.3.2 The use formulae in the four groups of scenarios
101(9)
5.4 Formulae-based vs. strategy-based examination
110(3)
Chapter 6 Internal modifications
113(12)
6.1 Syntactic modifiers
113(6)
6.1.1 Conditionals
113(2)
6.1.2 Bi-clausal structures
115(4)
6.2 Lexical modifiers
119(4)
6.2.1 Lexical downgraders
119(2)
6.2.2 Address terms
121(2)
6.3 Summary
123(2)
Chapter 7 External modifications and utterance length
125(12)
7.1 External modifications
125(9)
7.1.1 Supportive moves
125(5)
7.1.2 Information sequencing
130(4)
7.2 Utterance length
134(3)
Chapter 8 How Chinese EFL learners make requests: Overall pattern & implications
137(26)
8.1 Patterns of request behaviour: Learners and native speakers
137(8)
8.2 Basic questions about interlanguage pragmatics
145(10)
8.3 Two major approaches
155(6)
8.3.1 The context-based approach
155(5)
8.3.2 The formulae-based approach
160(1)
8.4 The native-speaker model revisited
161(2)
Chapter 9 Conclusion
163(6)
Notes 169(2)
References 171(12)
Appendix 1 The discourse completion tasks 183(6)
Appendix 2 Strategy types by scenario 189(2)
Appendix 3 Formulaic expressions by scenario 191(6)
Index 197
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