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E-raamat: Mammography Screening: Truth, Lies and Controversy

  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Jun-2021
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000477092
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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Jun-2021
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781000477092

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'This book gives plenty of examples of ad hominem attacks, intimidation, slander, threats of litigation, deception, dishonesty, lies and other violations of good scientific practice. For some years I kept a folder labeled Dishonesty in breast cancer screening on top of my filing cabinet, storing articles and letters to the editor that contained statements I knew were dishonest. Eventually I gave up on the idea of writing a paper about this collection, as the number of examples quickly exceeded what could be contained in a single article.' From the Introduction The most effective way to decrease women's risk of becoming a breast cancer patient is to avoid attending screening. Mammography screening is one of the greatest controversies in healthcare, and the extent to which some scientists have sacrificed sound scientific principles in order to arrive at politically acceptable results in their research is extraordinary. In contrast, neutral observers increasingly find that the benefit has been much oversold and that the harms are much greater than previously believed. This groundbreaking book takes an evidence-based, critical look at the scientific disputes and the information provided to women by governments and cancer charities. It also explains why mammography screening is unlikely to be effective today. All health professionals and members of the public will find these revelations disturbingly illuminating. It will radically transform the way healthcare policy makers view mammography screening in the future. 'If Peter Gotzsche did not exist, there would be a need to invent him ...It may still take time for the limitations and harms of screening to be properly acknowledged and for women to be enabled to make adequately informed decisions. When this happens, it will be almost entirely due to the intellectual rigour and determination of Peter Gotzsche.' From the Foreword by Iona Heath, President, RCGP 'If you care about breast cancer, and we all should, you must read this book. Breast cancer is complex and we cannot afford to rely on the popular media, or on information from marketing campaigns from those who are invested in screening. We need to question and to understand. The story that Peter tells matters very much.' From the Foreword by Fran Visco, President, National Breast Cancer Coalition.
Foreword vii
Iona Heath
Foreword ix
Fran Visco
Acknowledgements xi
1 Introduction
1(12)
What it really means to be `controversial'
5(5)
Our collaboration with the media
10(3)
2 Important issues in cancer screening
13(16)
What it means `to have cancer'
13(2)
Overdiagnosis and overtreatment
15(1)
Erroneous diagnoses and carcinoma in situ
16(3)
Basic issues in cancer epidemiology
19(1)
Randomised trials, observational studies and a little statistics
20(2)
Why screening leads to misleading survival statistics
22(1)
Why 10-year survival is also misleading
23(6)
3 Does screening work in Sweden?
29(5)
4 Stonewalling the Cochrane report on screening
34(12)
The Danish National Board of Health interferes with our report
40(6)
5 Troubling results in the Lancet
46(27)
The Canadian trials
50(2)
Media storm
52(3)
Email from researchers
55(1)
Our collaboration with the trialists
56(2)
Ten letters to the editor
58(2)
Creative manipulations in Sweden
60(3)
Peter Dean, a remarkable character
63(3)
Bad manners also in Norway
66(2)
Continued troubles in Denmark
68(5)
6 Harms dismissed by the Cochrane Breast Cancer Group
73(12)
The process with the Cochrane review
75(2)
Of mites and men
77(1)
Confusion over who is in charge
78(7)
7 The Lancet publishes the harms of screening
85(18)
Vitriolic mass email from Peter Dean
90(3)
Beating about the bush in the United Kingdom
93(2)
Condemnations in Sweden
95(4)
Contempt of science in Denmark and Norway
99(4)
8 Delayed media storm in the United States after our 2001 reviews
103(11)
Miettinen and Henschke's cherry-picking in the Lancet
107(1)
Additional reactions in the United States
108(6)
9 The Danish National Board of Health circles the wagons
114(6)
10 US and Swedish 2002 meta-analyses
120(6)
US Preventive Services Task Force's meta-analysis
120(1)
Nystrom's updated Swedish meta-analysis
121(5)
11 Scientific debates in the United States
126(10)
Peter Dean is wrong again
126(4)
Multiple errors in the International Journal of Epidemiology
130(6)
12 Publication of entire Cochrane review obstructed for 5 years
136(11)
Cochrane editors stonewall our Cochrane review
138(5)
Lessons for the future
143(2)
Welcome results in France
145(2)
13 Editorial misconduct in the European Journal of Cancer
147(16)
Editorial misconduct
151(4)
Threats, intimidation and falsehoods
155(3)
Debates in the Scientist and the Cancer Letter
158(5)
14 Tabar's `beyond reason' studies
163(10)
Criticism of our work in the Journal of Surgical Oncology
168(5)
15 Other observational studies of breast cancer mortality
173(12)
The United States and the United Kingdom
174(1)
Denmark, Lynge's 2005 study
175(2)
Denmark, our 2010 study
177(8)
16 Overdiagnosis and overtreatment
185(35)
Cancers that regress spontaneously
186(2)
The 1986 UK Forrest report
188(1)
Overdiagnosis in the randomised trials
189(5)
Systematic review of overdiagnosis in observational studies
194(6)
Observational studies from Denmark and New South Wales
200(2)
The doubt industry
202(3)
Duffy's studies on overdiagnosis
205(2)
Lynge's studies on overdiagnosis
207(3)
Carcinoma in situ and the increase in mastectomies
210(10)
17 Ad hominem attacks: a measure of desperation?
220(18)
UK statistician publishes in Danish
222(1)
Inappropriate name-dropping
223(3)
Further ad hominem arguments
226(1)
Lynge's unholy mixture of politics and science
227(3)
Ad hominem attacks ad infinitum
230(8)
18 US recommendations for women aged 40-49 years
238(7)
19 What have women been told?
245(34)
Website information on screening
245(2)
Invitations to screening
247(5)
A scandalous revision of the Danish screening leaflet
252(2)
Our screening leaflet
254(1)
Breast screening: the facts, or maybe not
255(7)
American Cancer Society
262(5)
Information from other cancer societies
267(4)
Getting funding or not getting funding
271(1)
What do women believe?
272(7)
20 Extraordinary exaggerations
279(19)
What is the ratio between benefits and harms?
280(2)
Duffy's `funny' numbers
282(5)
Exaggerating 25-fold
287(5)
The exaggerations finally backfire
292(2)
The ultimate exaggeration
294(4)
21 Tabar threatens the BMJ with litigation
298(8)
22 Falsehoods and perceived censorship in Sweden
306(5)
23 Celebrating 20 years of breast screening in the United Kingdom
311(9)
24 Can screening work?
320(11)
Plausible effect based on tumour sizes in the trials
320(3)
Lead time
323(1)
Plausible effect based on tumour stages in the trials
324(2)
No decrease in advanced cancers
326(5)
25 Where is screening at today?
331(16)
Problems with reading mammograms
332(1)
False promises
333(3)
Important information is being ignored
336(2)
Beliefs warp evidence at conferences
338(2)
Does breast screening make women live longer?
340(7)
26 Where next?
347(16)
Is screening a religion?
351(1)
A press release from Radiology that wasn't
352(1)
Has all my struggle achieved anything?
353(4)
Why has so much evidence about screening been distorted?
357(1)
Time to stop breast cancer screening
358(5)
Appendix 1 Tabar's explanations in the Cancer Letter and our replies 363(6)
Appendix 2 Our 2008 mammography screening leaflet 369(12)
Appendix 3 The press release Radiology withdrew at the last minute 381(3)
Index 384
Peter C Gotzsche Professor of Clinical Research Design and Analysis, Director, The Nordic Cochrane Centre and Chief Physician, Rigshospitalet and the University of Copenhagen, Denmark