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E-raamat: McCurnin's Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians and Nurses E-Book

(Professor Emeritus, Program of Veterinary Technology, Manor College, Jenkintown, PA, USA)
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  • Ilmumisaeg: 05-Mar-2021
  • Kirjastus: Saunders
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780323722018
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  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 05-Mar-2021
  • Kirjastus: Saunders
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780323722018
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Master all the animal care duties of a veterinary technician! McCurnin's Clinical Textbook for Veterinary Technicians and Nurses, 10th Edition provides a solid foundation in every aspect of veterinary technology, including care of small and large animals, birds, reptiles, and small mammals. Procedure boxes offer step-by-step guidelines to performing key tasks, and use of the veterinary technician practice model helps to improve your critical thinking and decision-making skills. Written by vet tech experts Joanna Bassert, Angela Beal, and Oreta Samples, this illustrated guide prepares you for success on the Veterinary Technician National Exam (VTNE®) and in clinical practice.

  • 2017 winner of the William Holmes McGuffey Longevity Award ("McGuffey") from the Text & Academic Authors Association (TAA), which recognizes textbooks and learning materials whose excellence has been demonstrated over time
  • Case presentations provide real-life scenarios, so students can practice critical thinking and decision-making skills
  • Step-by-step instructions show students how to perform dozens of procedures, making information easy to access in emergency and clinical situations
  • More than 1,000 full-color photographs and line drawings depict veterinary technology concepts and techniques
  • Chapter outline, learning objectives, and key terms begin each chapter, focusing study on need-to-know material
  • Technician Notes highlight key points relating to the role of the veterinary technician
  • Coverage of large animal care is integrated throughout the book, including medical records, dentistry, physical examination, surgical instrumentation, surgical assistance, emergency care, and euthanasia, as well as separate Large Animal chapters
  • Comprehensive chapters on pharmacology, pain management, restraint, and veterinary oncology provide a broader understanding of the responsibilities of a technician
  • Coverage of zoonotics is threaded throughout each chapter, describing how a disease may affect the host, how it is spread, how it is treated, and the necessary safety precautions
  • Care of Birds, Reptiles, and Small Mammals chapter describes care and treatment of these increasingly popular pets
  • Student workbook reinforces understanding with review questions, case presentations, and clinical applications, as well as photo-based quizzes and other student exercises. Available separately
Part 1 Veterinary Technology: An Overview
1 Introduction to Veterinary Nursing and Technology: Its Laws and Ethics
1(33)
Joanna M. Bassert
Teresa Lazo
Introduction
2(1)
Veterinary Technician Oath
3(1)
History of Veterinary Technology
3(1)
The Veterinary Nurse and Technician Today
3(1)
Employment Prospects, Salaries, and Attrition
4(1)
Education
5(1)
Programs of Veterinary Technology
5(1)
Continuing Education (CE)
6(1)
The Veterinary Technician National Examination (VTNE)
6(1)
The Profession of Veterinary Technology and Veterinary Nursing
6(1)
What Defines a Profession?
7(1)
What Structure Is in Place to Define and Guide the Clinical Responsibilities of Veterinary Technicians?
7(1)
Scope of Practice
8(1)
Responsibilities of the Veterinary Technician in Practice
9(3)
Terminology and the Veterinary Health Care Team
12(1)
Veterinarian
12(1)
Veterinary Technician Specialist
13(1)
Veterinary Technologist
13(1)
Veterinary Technician
14(1)
Veterinary Assistant
14(1)
Laboratory Animal Technicians and Technologists
15(1)
Professionalism
15(1)
Professional Appearance
16(1)
Professional Conduct
17(1)
Professional Communication
18(1)
Professional Organizations and Acronyms
18(1)
National Association of Veterinary Technicians in America
19(1)
Registered Veterinary Technologists and Technicians of Canada/Technologues et Techniciens Veterinaires en Registres du Canada
19(1)
Professional Ethics
19(3)
Profession-Related Laws and Regulations
22(1)
Laws (Statutes)
22(1)
Rules and Regulations
23(1)
Entry Into Practice
24(3)
Grounds for Disciplinary Action
27(2)
Process of Disciplinary Action
29(2)
Additional Laws Governing Veterinary Practice
31(1)
Labor Laws
31(1)
Medical Waste Management Laws
31(1)
Controlled Substances
31(1)
Animal-Related Laws
32(1)
Laws Specific to Canada
33(1)
2 Veterinary Practice Management
34(37)
Karen E. Felsted
Heather Prendergast
Introduction
35(1)
Types of Veterinary Practices
35(1)
Typical Employee Positions
36(1)
Management Personnel
37(1)
Veterinarians
38(1)
Veterinary Technicians and Technologists
38(1)
Veterinary Assistants
39(1)
Receptionists
39(1)
Kennel, Ward, and Barn Attendants
39(1)
Practice Facilities and Workflow
40(1)
Small Animal General Practices
40(7)
Small Animal House Call Practices
47(1)
Specialty and Emergency Practices
48(1)
Large Animal Mobile Units
48(1)
Large Animal Haul-in Facilities
48(1)
Clients and Client Services
49(2)
Importance of Client Communication
51(1)
Dealing With Difficult Clients
52(1)
Management of the Veterinary Practice
52(1)
Planning
53(1)
Human Resources
54(3)
Marketing
57(4)
A Practice App
61(1)
Financial
62(2)
Operations
64(1)
OSHA and Safety Management
65(2)
Computerization of the Veterinary Practice
67(4)
3 Veterinary Medical Records
71(33)
Michelle Campoll
Joanna M. Bassert
Introduction
72(1)
Principles and Functions of the Medical Record
72(2)
Primary Purposes
74(1)
Secondary Purposes
74(1)
Medical and Legal Requirements
75(1)
Veterinarian-Client---Patient Relationship
75(1)
Importance of Informed Consent
75(1)
Documentation: Protection Against Complaints and Litigation
76(2)
Ownership and Release of Medical Information
78(1)
Format of Veterinary Medical Records
79(1)
Source-Oriented Veterinary Medical Record
80(1)
Problem-Oriented Veterinary Medical Record
80(1)
Components of the Problem-Oriented Veterinary Medical Record
80(1)
The Database
80(5)
Master Problem List and Working Problem List
85(1)
Hospitalized Patient Records
85(7)
Management of Electronic Medical Records
92(1)
Overview
92(1)
Advantages of Electronic Medical Records
92(2)
Validating the Electronic Record
94(1)
Risk of Loss
95(1)
Logs
95(1)
Management of Paper Medical Records
95(2)
Organization and Filing
97(3)
File Purging
100(1)
Lost Records
100(1)
Management of Ambulatory Practice Records
101(3)
4 Occupational Health and Safety in Veterinary Hospitals
104(18)
Philip J. Seibert Jr.
Introduction
105(1)
Safety
105(1)
Objectives of a Safety Program
105(1)
Your Safety Rights
105(1)
Your Safety Responsibilities
106(1)
The Leadership's Rights
106(1)
The Leadership's Responsibilities
107(1)
General Workplace Hazards
107(1)
Dressing Appropriately for the Job
107(1)
Save Your Back!
107(1)
Clean Up After Yourself
108(1)
Everything in its Place
108(1)
Beware of Break Times
108(1)
Machinery and Equipment
108(1)
Electrical
108(1)
Fire and Evacuation
109(1)
Do Not Become a Victim of Violence
109(1)
Hazardous Chemicals: Right to Know
110(3)
Special Chemicals
113(1)
Medical and Animal-Related Hazards
113(1)
Noise
114(1)
Bathing, Dipping, and Spraying Areas
114(1)
Zoonotic Diseases
115(1)
Nonzoonotic Diseases
116(1)
A Dirty Mouth? Precautions for Dentistry Operations
116(1)
Radiology
116(1)
Anesthesia
117(1)
Compressed Gases
118(1)
Sharps and Medical Waste
119(1)
Hazardous Drugs and Pharmacy Operations
120(2)
Part 2 Patient Management and Nutrition
5 Animal Behavior
122(41)
Monique Feyrecilde
Introduction to Behavior and Motivation
123(1)
The Roles of Professionals in Behavior
124(1)
Veterinarians and Behavior
124(1)
Veterinary Technicians and Behavior
125(1)
Behavior Consultants and Trainers and Behavior
125(1)
How Animals Learn
125(1)
Classical Conditioning
126(1)
Counterconditioning
126(1)
Desensitization, Classical Conditioning, and Classical Counterconditioning
127(1)
Sensitization
128(1)
Habituation
128(1)
Operant Conditioning
128(2)
Positive Reinforcement
130(1)
Negative Reinforcement
131(1)
Negative Punishment
132(1)
Positive Punishment
132(1)
Possible Problems With Punishment
133(1)
Behavior Modification
133(1)
Management
133(1)
The ABC of Behavior
133(1)
Animal Development
134(1)
Canine and Feline Development
134(1)
Equine Development
135(1)
Cattle and Small Ruminant Development
136(1)
Communication Body Language
136(1)
Canine Body Language
137(2)
Feline Body Language
139(1)
Equine Body Language and Communication
140(1)
Cattle Body Language
141(1)
Small Ruminant Body Language
142(1)
Meeting the Needs of Animals
143(1)
Special Considerations for Horses
143(1)
Meeting the Needs of Gregarious Animals
144(1)
Common Unwanted Behaviors, Active Prevention, and Intervention
144(1)
Pet Selection Counseling
144(1)
Common Unwanted Behaviors of Dogs and Cats
144(1)
Unwanted Elimination: Dogs
144(2)
Unwanted Elimination: Cats
146(1)
Destructive Behavior in Dogs
147(1)
Destructive Behavior in Cats
147(1)
Preventable Aggressive Behavior in Dogs and Cats
148(1)
Aggression During Play
148(1)
Fear and Aggression
148(1)
Medical Treatment of Fear and Anxiety in Dogs and Cats
149(1)
Common Equine Behavior Concerns
149(1)
Aggression Among Horses
149(6)
Human-Directed Aggression
155(1)
Repetitive Behaviors
155(1)
Common Cattle Behavior Concerns
155(1)
Human-Directed Aggression
155(1)
Buller Steer Syndrome
156(1)
Milking Avoidance
156(1)
Small Ruminant Behavior Concern
156(1)
Rejection of Young
156(1)
Behavior Emergencies
156(1)
Canine and Feline
156(1)
Equine and Large Animals
157(1)
Learning in the Veterinary Setting
157(1)
Safety Considerations
157(1)
Reducing Patient Stress and Anxiety in Veterinary Practices
157(1)
Fear Free™ Fundamentals
158(1)
The FAS Score
158(1)
Considerate Approach
158(1)
Touch Gradient
158(2)
Thoughtful Control of the Patient
160(1)
Factors of Gentle Control
160(1)
Happy Visits and Victory Visits
160(1)
Behavior and the Emotional Medical Record
160(3)
6 Restraint and Handling of Animals
163(49)
Monique Feyrecilde
Jamie Guiberson
Temple Grandin
Introduction
164(1)
Minimizing Stress
165(1)
Animal Stabilization and Restraint
165(1)
Preparing for the Visit
166(1)
Patient Handling Fundamentals
167(3)
Moving and Transferring Cats
170(1)
Escaped Animals
171(1)
Stabilization and Restraint for Common Procedures
172(1)
Family Presence During Veterinary Care
172(2)
Relaxed or Mildly Stressed Dogs and Cats (FAS 0--3)
174(1)
Sternal, Lateral, and Dorsal Recumbency
174(1)
Mildly and Moderately Stressed Patients (FAS 2--3)
175(1)
Positioning Dogs
175(1)
Moving the Patient From the Standing Position to the Dorsal Position
176(1)
Establishing Lateral Recumbency From the Standing Position
177(1)
Establishing Dorsal Recumbency From the Standing Position
178(1)
Severely Stressed Patients (FAS 4--5)
178(1)
Special Equipment for Animal Handling
178(3)
Medical Treatment of Fear, Anxiety, and Stress
181(1)
Talking About Medical Treatment of FAS With Clients
181(1)
An Introduction to Herd Animals
182(1)
Introduction
182(1)
Flight Zone and Point of Balance
182(1)
Keeping Animals Calm
182(1)
Effects of Novelty
182(1)
Making a New Experience Positive
182(1)
Introduction to Equine Restraint
182(1)
Safely Working with Horses
183(1)
Approach
183(2)
Restraint Techniques and Devices
185(1)
Foal and Young Horse Handling and Restraint
186(1)
Chemical Restraint
187(1)
Other Forms of Restraint
187(1)
Trailering
188(1)
The Approach
189(1)
Capture of the Equine
190(1)
Adult Equine Restraint Techniques and Devices
191(2)
Juvenile Equine and Foal Restraint Techniques
193(1)
Equine Restraint: Special Circumstances for Specific Procedures
193(1)
Capture and Restraint of Cattle
194(1)
The Approach
194(1)
Low-Stress Handling
194(1)
Capture
195(2)
Restraint Techniques and Devices
197(3)
Capture and Restraint of Swine
200(1)
Observation
200(1)
Approach
200(1)
Capture and Restraint Techniques
200(2)
Capture and Restraint of Small Ruminants
202(1)
Observation
202(1)
Approach
202(1)
Capture
202(1)
Individual Restraint
202(1)
Restraint Techniques for Camelids
203(1)
Capture and Restraint of Avian and Exotic Species
203(1)
Restraint of Avian Species
204(2)
Restraint of Small Mammals
206(1)
Rabbits
206(1)
Guinea Pigs and Chinchillas
207(1)
Ferrets
207(1)
Hamsters, Mice, Hedgehogs, Sugar Gliders, and Gerbils
208(1)
Restraint of Reptiles
208(1)
Lizards
208(2)
Snakes
210(1)
Turtles and Tortoises
210(2)
7 History and Physical Examination
212(31)
George W. McCommon
Introduction
213(1)
History and Physical Examination of Small Animals
213(1)
History
213(4)
Physical Examination
217(13)
History and Physical Examination of Large Animals
230(1)
History
230(2)
Physical Examination of Large Animals
232(11)
8 Preventive Health Programs
243(28)
George W. McCommon
Introduction
244(1)
Preventive Health Programs for Dogs and Cats
244(1)
Lifelong Wellness
244(2)
Grooming
246(1)
Immunity
246(11)
Parasite Prevention
257(1)
Preventive Health Program for Horses
258(1)
Physical Examination
258(1)
Vaccinations
258(7)
Parasites
265(1)
Dental Care
265(1)
Hoof Care
265(1)
Nutrition
266(1)
Preventive Health Programs for Livestock Species
266(1)
Swine
266(1)
Cattle
266(2)
Small Ruminants: Sheep and Goats
268(3)
9 Animal Nutrition
271(49)
Kara M. Burns
Introduction
272(1)
Basics of Nutrition
272(1)
Energy
273(1)
Proteins
273(1)
Carbohydrates
274(1)
Fats
274(1)
Vitamins
274(1)
Minerals
275(1)
Water
275(1)
Palatability
275(1)
Digestibility
275(1)
Supplements
276(1)
Nutritional Evaluation of Small Animals
276(1)
Nutritional Assessment
276(1)
Feeding Methods
277(1)
Nutritional Calculations
277(2)
Body Condition Scoring
279(1)
Cats and Nutrition
279(1)
Feline Feeding Behaviors
279(1)
Feline Metabolism
279(3)
Unique Anatomic and Physiologic Features in the Cat
282(1)
Key Nutritional Factors for Felines
282(1)
Feeding Pets
283(1)
Pet Food Labeling
283(1)
Pet Food Assessment
284(1)
Types of Pet Foods
284(1)
Understanding Feeding Costs
285(1)
Regulation of Pet Foods
285(1)
Interpreting Pet Food Labels
285(2)
Pet Food Myths
287(3)
Life Stage Nutrition for Cats and Dogs
290(1)
Gestation and Lactation
290(2)
Feeding Puppies
292(1)
Feeding Kittens
293(1)
Feeding Adult Cats and Dogs
293(1)
Feeding Mature and Elderly Cats and Dogs
294(1)
Feeding Working and Performance Dogs
295(1)
Feeding Overweight Cats and Dogs
295(1)
Therapeutic Nutrition for Cats and Dogs
296(1)
Assisted Feeding
296(1)
Feeding Tube Options
297(1)
Feeding Horses and Other Livestock
297(1)
Equine
297(7)
Nutritional Histories of Large Animal Patients
304(1)
Assessment of Nutritional Status
305(1)
Cattle
305(3)
Camelids
308(1)
Sheep and Goats
309(4)
Nutrition for Birds and Small Mammals
313(1)
Avians
313(5)
Feeding Reptiles
318(2)
10 Animal Reproduction
320(21)
Lenore Southam
Introduction
321(1)
Overview of Female Reproduction
321(2)
Overview of Male Reproduction
323(3)
Canine Reproduction
326(1)
Estrus Cycle
326(1)
Breeding
327(1)
Gestation
327(1)
Parturition (Whelp)
328(1)
Feline Reproduction
328(2)
Estrous Cycle
330(1)
Gestation
330(1)
Parturition
331(1)
Equine Reproduction
331(1)
General
331(1)
Estrous Cycle
331(2)
Examination of the Reproductive Tract
333(1)
Breeding
333(1)
Gestation
333(1)
Parturition
333(1)
Bovine Reproduction
334(1)
General
334(1)
Reproduction
334(1)
Estrous Cycle
334(1)
Breeding
334(1)
Gestation
335(1)
Parturition
335(1)
Ovicaprine (Sheep and Goats) Reproduction
336(1)
Estrous Cycle
336(1)
Breeding
336(1)
Gestation
336(1)
Camelid Reproduction
336(1)
Breeding
337(1)
Gestation
337(1)
Parturition
337(1)
Breeding Soundness Examination of the Male
337(1)
General
337(1)
Semen Analysis
338(1)
Other Diagnostic Tests
339(1)
Breeding Soundness Examination of the Female
339(1)
Summary of Some Interesting Recent and Emerging Advances in Reproduction Biotechnology
340(1)
Part 3 Clinical Sciences
11 Hematology and Cytology
341(22)
Oreta M. Samples
Introduction
342(1)
Hematology
342(1)
Complete Blood Count
342(1)
Automated Hematology Analyzers
343(1)
Red Blood Cell Mass Evaluation
343(1)
Red Blood Cell Count
344(1)
Hemoglobin Concentration
344(1)
Red Blood Cell Indices
345(1)
Red Cell Distribution Width
345(1)
Plasma Protein Concentration
345(1)
White Blood Cell Count
346(1)
Preparation of Blood Smears
347(1)
Blood Smear Evaluation
348(9)
Coagulation Testing
357(1)
Cytology
358(1)
Solid Tissue Masses and Enlarged Organs
359(4)
12 Clinical Chemistry, Serology, and Urinalysis
363(13)
Ashley DiPrete
Introduction
364(1)
Clinical Chemistry
364(1)
Preanalytical Factors
365(1)
Analytical Factors
366(1)
Chemistry Analyzers
366(1)
Quality Control
367(1)
Serology
368(1)
Types of Serologic Tests
368(1)
Urinalysis
369(1)
Equipment and Collection
369(1)
Color and Turbidity
370(1)
Urine Specific Gravity
371(1)
Chemical Evaluation
371(1)
Microscopic Examination
372(4)
13 Parasitology
376(35)
Oreta M. Samples
Introduction
377(1)
Parasitic Diseases of Large and Small Animal Species
378(1)
Diagnosis of Ectoparasites
378(1)
Collection and Preservation
378(1)
Differentiation of Ectoparasites
378(1)
Diagnosis of Endoparasites
378(1)
Collection of Fecal Samples
378(1)
Small Animal Fecal Samples
378(2)
Examination of Fecal Samples
380(1)
Gross Examination of Feces
380(1)
Calibration of the Microscope
381(1)
Microscopic Examination of Feces
381(1)
Direct Smears Examination
381(1)
Concentrated Methods for Fecal Examination
382(1)
Detection of Protozoans in Feces
383(1)
Special Staining for Coccidian Parasites
383(1)
Antigen Tests
383(1)
Sample Collection at Necropsy
383(1)
Miscellaneous Procedures for Detection of Endoparasites
384(1)
Ectoparasites of Veterinary Importance
385(1)
Ascarines (Mites and Ticks)
385(2)
Prevention and Control Techniques
387(3)
Fleas
390(2)
Lice
392(1)
Endoparasites of Veterinary Importance
393(1)
Cestodes and Metacestodes of Veterinary Importance
393(4)
Nematodes---Roundworms of Zoonotic Importance
397(9)
Trematodes (Flukes) of Veterinary Importance
406(1)
Pentastomids of Veterinary Importance
406(1)
Protozoans of Zoonotic Importance
407(1)
Giardia Species
407(1)
Toxoplasma gondii
408(1)
Cryptosporidium parvum
409(2)
14 Clinical Microbiology
411(31)
Oreta M. Samples
Introduction
412(1)
Microbiological Safety
413(1)
Sample Collection and Preservation
413(1)
General Culture Collection Information
413(3)
Special Collection and Handling Procedures
416(4)
Direct Examination of Microbial Specimens
420(1)
Slide Preparation
420(1)
Stain Types
420(1)
Direct Microscopic Examination
420(2)
Staining Procedures
422(1)
Gram Staining Procedure and Interpretation
422(1)
Acid-Fast Staining Procedures
423(1)
Bacterial Culture and Identification
424(1)
Equipment and Supplies
424(1)
Culture Media
424(2)
Preliminary Evaluation of Cultures
426(1)
Recording, Interpreting, and Reporting Results
427(1)
Identification Procedures
427(3)
Special Culture Procedures
430(2)
Common Bacterial Species
432(2)
Methods of Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
434(1)
Indications
434(1)
Methods
434(1)
Fungal Culture (Mycology)
435(1)
Safety
435(1)
Standard Dermatophyte Culture
435(1)
Microscopic Examination of Dermatophyte Cultures
435(2)
Microscopic Appearance of Yeasts
437(1)
Virology
437(1)
Viral Detection
437(2)
Molecular Detection of Pathogens
439(1)
Polymerase Chain Reaction
439(1)
DNA Sequencing
440(1)
Nosocomial Infections
440(1)
Agents of Nosocomial Infections
441(1)
Recognition and Control of Nosocomial Infections
441(1)
15 Diagnostic Imaging
442(38)
Rachel McGinty
Introduction
443(1)
Radiology
444(1)
Definition of X-Rays
444(1)
X-Ray Production
444(1)
X-Ray Tube Components
444(2)
X-Ray Equipment
446(2)
Producing an Image Using Exposure Factors
448(5)
Capturing the Image
453(5)
Radiographic Image Quality
458(2)
Legal Records and Film Identification
460(2)
Radiation Safety
462(4)
Positioning
466(3)
Radiographic Contrast Agents
469(2)
Ultrasonography
471(1)
Ultrasonography Basics
471(1)
Ultrasound-Tissue Interaction
472(1)
Patient Preparation
472(1)
Ultrasound Display Modes
472(1)
The Ultrasound Image
473(1)
Ultrasound Artifacts
474(1)
The Ultrasound Examination
474(1)
Alternative Imaging Modalities
475(1)
Fluoroscopy
475(1)
Computed Tomography
476(1)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
476(2)
Nuclear Medicine
478(2)
16 Basic Necropsy Procedures
480(20)
Oreta M. Samples
Introduction
481(1)
Necropsy
481(2)
Necropsy Reports
483(1)
Sample Collection for Laboratory Testing
483(1)
Fixed Tissues
483(2)
Fresh Tissues
485(1)
Swabs
486(1)
Whole Blood, Serum, Fluids, and Feces
486(1)
Shipping Diagnostic Specimens
486(1)
Facilities and Instruments
486(1)
Necropsy Procedure for a Small Mammal
487(1)
Preliminary Observation
487(1)
External Observation
487(1)
Reflections of Skin and Limbs and Examination of Superficial Organs and Body Cavities
488(2)
Dissection (Opening Carcass)
490(1)
Examination of Skull and Brain
491(1)
Dissection and Examination of Neck and Thoracic Viscera
492(1)
Dissection and Examination of Abdominal Cavity
493(1)
Dissection and Examination of Female and Male Urogenital Tracts
494(1)
Dissection and Examination of Abdominal Aorta, Rectum, and Anal Glands
495(1)
Dissection and Examination of Vertebral Column and Spinal Cord
495(1)
Necropsy Variations
495(1)
Ruminants
495(1)
Horse
496(2)
Pig
498(1)
Fetus
498(1)
Birds
498(1)
Laboratory Animals
499(1)
Cosmetic Necropsies
499(1)
Part 4 Medical Nursing
17 Diagnostic Sampling and Therapeutic Techniques
500(80)
Oreta M. Samples
Dana April Smith
Introduction
501(1)
Basic Guidelines
502(1)
Sampling Techniques in the Small Animal
502(1)
Blood Sample Collection
502(1)
Various Venipuncture Sites in Small Animals
503(4)
Arterial Blood Collection Sites in Small Animals
507(3)
Arterial Blood Sample
510(1)
Urine Sample Collection
511(4)
Fecal Sample Collection
515(1)
Administration of Medication in the Small Animal
515(1)
Oral Administration
515(1)
Orogastric Intubation
516(1)
Transdermal Administration
516(1)
Topical Ophthalmic Administration
517(1)
Aural Administration
517(1)
Intrarectal Administration
518(1)
Intranasal Administration
518(1)
Intradermal Administration
518(1)
Subcutaneous Administration
518(1)
Intramuscular Administration
519(1)
Intravenous Administration
519(6)
Intratracheal Administration
525(1)
Intraosseous Administration
525(1)
Intraperitoneal Administration
526(1)
Thoracocentesis
526(1)
Abdominocentesis
527(1)
Diagnostic Peritoneal Lavage
527(1)
Transtracheal Wash
527(2)
Arthrocentesis
529(3)
Bone Marrow Aspiration
532(3)
Administration of Medication in the Large Animal
535(1)
Oral Administration
535(1)
Nasogastric and Orogastric Intubation
536(3)
Intravenous Administration
539(4)
Intramuscular Administration
543(4)
Subcutaneous Administration
547(1)
Intradermal Administration
548(1)
Intraperitoneal Administration
549(1)
Intranasal Administration
549(2)
Intramammary Administration
551(1)
Topical Ophthalmic Administration
551(1)
Epidural Administration
552(1)
Transdermal (Cutaneous, Topical) Administration
553(1)
Intrasynovial Administration
554(1)
Rectal Administration
554(1)
Sampling Techniques in the Large Animal
555(1)
Venous Blood Sample Collection
555(6)
Arterial Blood Sample Collection
561(3)
Urine Sample Collection
564(3)
Fecal Sample Collection
567(1)
Milk Sample Collection
567(1)
Rumen Fluid Collection
568(2)
Thoracocentesis (Thoracentesis, Pleurocentesis, Chest Tap, Pleural Tap)
570(1)
Transtracheal Wash (Tracheal Wash, Trach Wash)
571(1)
Bronchoalveolar Lavage
572(1)
Abdominocentesis
573(4)
Cerebrospinal Fluid Collection (Spinal Tap, CSF Tap)
577(3)
18 Small Animal Medical Nursing
580(32)
Liza Wysong Rudolph
Introduction
581(1)
A Veterinary Technician Practice Model: The Nursing Process
581(1)
Step 1 Assessment
581(1)
Step 2 Planning
582(1)
Step 3 Implementation
583(1)
Step 4 Evaluation
583(1)
The Medical Record
583(1)
Small Animal Diseases
583(4)
Respiratory Disease
587(3)
Cardiovascular Disease
590(4)
Digestive and Hepatobiliary Diseases
594(4)
Urinary Disease
598(4)
Endocrine Disease
602(2)
Immune-Mediated Disease
604(1)
Infectious Disease
604(8)
19 Large Animal Medical Nursing
612(53)
Darla M. Garon
Danielle B. Vallotton
Introduction
613(1)
Equine Nursing
613(1)
Physical Examination
613(1)
Common Diseases and Conditions of Horses
614(1)
Care of the Neonate
614(1)
Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System
614(3)
Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System
617(1)
Diseases of the Respiratory System
618(3)
Diseases of the Hemolymphatic System
621(1)
Diseases of the Cardiovascular System
621(1)
Diseases of the Neurologic System
622(2)
Ophthalmologic Diseases
624(1)
Diseases of the Skin
625(1)
Diseases of the Endocrine System
625(1)
Diseases of the Urinary System
626(1)
Care of the Hospitalized Equine Patient
626(1)
Biosecurity
626(1)
Patient Monitoring
626(1)
Supportive Care
626(6)
Laboratory Diagnostics
632(2)
Summary
634(1)
Food Animal Nursing
634(1)
Common Diseases and Conditions of Ruminants
635(1)
Care of the Neonate and Neonatal Diseases
635(3)
Diseases of the Digestive System
638(5)
Diseases of the Respiratory System
643(2)
Diseases of the Reproductive System/Mammary Gland
645(1)
Metabolic Disorders
646(1)
Diseases of the Hemolymphatic System
647(1)
Diseases of the Cardiovascular System
648(1)
Diseases of the Nervous System
649(3)
Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System
652(1)
Ophthalmologic Diseases
653(1)
Diseases of the Urinary System
653(1)
Diseases of the Skin
654(1)
Common Diseases and Conditions of Swine
655(1)
Care of the Neonate
655(1)
Multisystemic Diseases
655(1)
Diseases of the Gastrointestinal System
656(1)
Diseases of the Respiratory System
657(1)
Diseases of the Reproductive System
657(2)
Diseases of the Nervous System
659(1)
Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System
659(1)
Behavioral Disorders
659(1)
Common Diseases and Conditions of Camelids
660(1)
Health Maintenance
660(1)
Care of the Neonate and Neonatal Diseases
661(1)
Diseases of the Digestive System
662(1)
Metabolic Conditions
662(1)
Diseases of the Nervous System
663(2)
20 Veterinary Oncology
665(21)
Beth Overley Adamson
Samantha Fritz
Introduction
666(1)
Pathogenesis of Cancer
666(1)
Classification, Staging, and Grading
666(1)
Epidemiology of Cancer
667(1)
Common Tumor Types
668(1)
Clinical Signs
669(1)
Diagnostics
670(1)
Initial Database
670(1)
Imaging
670(1)
Cytology and Histology
670(1)
Staging
671(1)
Therapeutic Options
671(1)
Surgery
671(1)
Radiation
672(1)
Chemotherapy
672(10)
Palliative Treatment
682(1)
Complementary, Alternative, and Integrative Medicine
682(2)
Quality of Life
684(1)
Cancer in Horses
684(1)
Fibromas
684(1)
Melanoma and Melanocytoma
684(1)
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
684(1)
Sarcoids
684(1)
Cancer in Cattle
685(1)
21 Neonatal Care of Puppies, Kittens, and Foals
686(17)
Ashley DiPrete
Stephanie Wertman
Introduction
687(1)
Neonatology of Puppies and Kittens
687(1)
Definition
687(1)
History
687(1)
Physical Examination
687(1)
Normal Development
688(1)
Diagnostics
688(1)
Routine Maintenance
689(1)
Common Concerns and Disorders in Puppies and Kittens
689(4)
Neonatology of Foals
693(1)
The Perinatal Period and the High-Risk Mare
693(2)
The Neonatal Period: The Normal Foal
695(1)
The Neonatal Period: The Sick Foal
696(4)
Neonatal Foal Nutrition
700(3)
22 Care of Birds, Reptiles, and Small Mammals
703(31)
Lorelei D'Avolio
Introduction
704(1)
Birds
704(1)
Taking the Clinical History
704(1)
The Physical Examination Process
704(1)
Sample Collections and Procedures Commonly Used in Birds
705(3)
Anesthesia and Analgesia
708(1)
Administration of Medication to Birds
709(1)
Gavage and Hand-Feeding
709(1)
Grooming of Birds
710(1)
Avian Nutrition
711(1)
Managing the Hospitalized Avian Patient
712(1)
Chlamydia psittaci Infection
713(1)
Reptiles
713(1)
Taking the Clinical History
713(1)
Reptile Nutrition and UVB Radiation
714(2)
Sample Collection and Diagnostic Procedures
716(1)
Anesthesia and Analgesia
717(2)
Husbandry and Treatments in the Hospital
719(1)
Salmonella spp
720(1)
Small Mammals
720(1)
Ferrets
720(2)
Rabbits
722(4)
Rodents
726(5)
Hedgehogs
731(1)
Sugar Gliders
731(3)
23 Rehabilitation and Alternative Medical Nursing
734(19)
Carolina Medina
Deana Cappucci-Lorentz
Introduction
735(1)
Nutraceuticals and Chondroprotectants
735(1)
Glucosamine and Chondroitin
735(1)
Omega-3 Fatty Acids
735(1)
Perna Canaliculus
735(1)
Polysulfated Glycosaminoglycans
735(1)
Hyaluronic Acid
735(1)
Herbal Medicine
736(1)
Acupuncture
737(1)
Definition and Mechanisms of Action
737(1)
Acupuncture Points
737(1)
Methods of Stimulation
737(2)
Clinical Indications
739(1)
Cautions and Contraindications
739(1)
Veterinary Spinal Manipulative Therapy
740(1)
Pathophysiology
740(1)
Treatment
740(1)
Rehabilitation Therapy
741(1)
Clinical Indications
742(1)
Exercise-Based Therapy
742(1)
Therapeutic Exercises
743(1)
Hydrotherapy
744(1)
Land Treadmill
744(1)
Manual Therapies
745(1)
Passive Range of Motion
746(1)
Electrical-Based Therapies
746(1)
Light and Sound-Based Therapies
747(2)
Superficial Thermal Therapy
749(1)
Assistive Devices
749(1)
Summary
750(3)
Part 5 Emergency and Critical Care
24 Fluid Therapy and Transfusion Medicine
753(20)
Courtney Better
Edward Cooper
Olivia M. Holt Williams
Margaret Mudge
Introduction
754(1)
Fluid Therapy
754(1)
Indications for Fluid Therapy
754(1)
Body Fluid Compartments
754(1)
Types of Intravenous Fluids
755(1)
Specifics of Fluid Administration
756(6)
Fluid Additives
762(2)
Monitoring Fluid Therapy
764(1)
Complications of Fluid Therapy
764(1)
Transfusion Medicine
765(1)
Indications for Blood and Plasma Transfusion
765(1)
Blood Donors
766(1)
Pretransfusion Testing
766(2)
Blood Collection
768(1)
Blood Products
769(1)
Blood Product Administration
770(3)
25 Emergency and Critical Care Nursing
773(51)
Andrea M. Steele
Darcy Adin
Jarred Williams
Grace Van Hoy
Introduction
774(1)
Emergency and Critical Care Nursing: Small Animal
775(1)
Triage
775(2)
Assessment of Hydration and Hypovolemia
777(1)
Initial Diagnostics
778(1)
The Secondary Survey
779(1)
The Emergency Care Station and Resuscitation Area
779(1)
Shock and Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome
779(2)
Advanced Emergency Techniques
781(1)
Respiratory System Support and Oxygen Therapy
782(2)
Cardiopulmonary Arrest
784(1)
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
784(4)
Patient Monitoring
788(1)
Care of the Recumbent Patient
789(1)
Standards of Care and Emergency Protocols
790(1)
Canine and Feline Electrocardiography
790(1)
Principles of Electrocardiography
791(1)
Acquisition of the Electrocardiogram
791(1)
Basic Cardiac Conduction and Electrocardiography Waveforms
792(1)
Indications for Electrocardiography
793(1)
Electrocardiographic Analysis
794(2)
Cardiac Arrhythmias
796(6)
Emergency and Critical Care Nursing: Equine
802(1)
Gastrointestinal Tract
803(3)
Respiratory Tract
806(4)
Musculoskeletal System
810(2)
Emergency and Critical Care Nursing: Food Animal
812(1)
Patient Restraint and Safety
813(1)
Considerations for Drug Use in Food-Producing Animals
813(1)
Gastrointestinal System
813(3)
Respiratory System
816(1)
Musculoskeletal Injuries
817(1)
Dystocia and Obstetric Emergencies
818(3)
Toxic Metritis and Toxic Mastitis
821(1)
Urolithiasis in Small Ruminants
821(3)
26 Toxicology
824(17)
Kara Richmond
Tina Wismer
Introduction
825(1)
Managing Poison Emergencies
825(1)
Assessment of the Patient's Condition
826(1)
Stabilization of Vital Functions
826(1)
Decontamination
826(1)
External Exposure
826(1)
Oral Ingestion
826(2)
Supportive Care
828(1)
Household Hazards
828(1)
Dangerous Food Items
828(2)
Household Cleaning Agents
830(1)
Miscellaneous Household Items
831(1)
Dangerous Plants
832(1)
Rhododendron Species
832(1)
Cardiac Glycoside--Containing Plants
832(1)
Lilies
833(1)
Insoluble Calcium Oxalate--Containing Plants
834(1)
Pesticides
835(1)
Ant and Roach Baits
835(1)
Flea/Tick Products
836(1)
Methomyl
836(1)
Molluscicides
837(1)
Rodenticides
837(1)
Antifreeze Products
837(1)
Ethylene Glycol
837(1)
Methanol
838(1)
Propylene Glycol
838(1)
Human Medications
838(1)
Acetaminophen
838(1)
Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs
838(1)
Aspirin
838(1)
Pseudoephedrine and Amphetamines
838(1)
Isoniazid
838(1)
Calcipotriene
839(1)
5-Fluorouracil
839(1)
Drugs of Abuse
839(1)
Marijuana
839(1)
Cocaine
839(1)
Ethanol
839(1)
Methamphetamine
839(2)
27 Wound Management and Bandaging
841(35)
Erin Scott
Joseph Lozier
Jarred Williams
Wound Healing
842(1)
Phases of Wound Healing
842(2)
Factors Influencing Wound Healing
844(1)
Small Animal Wound Management
844(1)
Wound Management
844(4)
Principles of Bandaging
848(2)
Bandage, Cast, Splint, and Sling Application in Small Animals
850(12)
Large Animal Wound Management
862(1)
Wound Care in Horses
862(1)
Bandage, Splint, and Cast Application Techniques for Horses
863(6)
Bandage, Splint, and Cast Application Techniques for Cattle
869(7)
Part 6 Anesthesia, Analgesia and Pharmacology
28 Pharmacology and Pharmacy
876(25)
Angela D. Beal
Ann Wortinger
Introduction
877(1)
Types of Drugs
878(1)
Drug Administration
879(1)
Dosage Terminology
879(1)
Basic Pharmacokinetics
879(1)
Drug Absorption
880(1)
Drug Distribution
880(1)
Drug Metabolism
880(1)
Drug Elimination
880(1)
Basic Pharmacodynamics
881(1)
Mechanism of Action
881(1)
Side Effects and Adverse Drug Reactions
881(1)
Impact of Disease on Drug Pharmacokinetics
881(1)
Cardiovascular Disease
881(1)
Kidney Disease
882(1)
Liver Disease
882(1)
Aging and Drug Pharmacokinetics
882(1)
Drug Nomenclature
882(1)
Systemic Approach to Drug Classification
882(1)
Antimicrobial Drugs
882(3)
Antiparasitic Drugs
885(1)
Endocrine Drugs
886(3)
Gastrointestinal Drugs
889(1)
Cardiovascular Drugs
889(2)
Respiratory Drugs
891(1)
Anticonvulsants
891(2)
Immunosuppressants
893(1)
Anti-inflammatory Drugs
894(1)
Dietary Supplements/Nutraceuticals
894(1)
Regulatory Pharmacology
894(1)
Drug Laws and Regulations
894(1)
Extra-Label Drug Use
895(1)
Drug Residues and Withdrawal Times in Food-Producing Animals
895(1)
Drug Compounding
896(1)
The Veterinary Pharmacy
897(1)
Drug Procurement
897(1)
Drug Storage and Disposal
897(1)
Prescribing and Dispensing Drugs
897(1)
Prescription Writing
897(1)
Drug Calculations
898(3)
29 Pain Management
901(24)
Nancy S. Shaffran
Tamara Grubb
Introduction
902(1)
The Role of the Veterinary Technician as a Patient Advocate
902(1)
Communication
902(1)
Patient Assessment
902(1)
Signs of Pain
903(1)
The Science of Pain Management
904(1)
Pain is Bad
904(2)
Physiology of Pain
906(1)
Treatment of Pain in Small Animals
907(1)
Environmental and Emotional Care
907(1)
Principles of Administering Analgesia
908(1)
Administration of Analgesics and Analgesic Techniques
908(7)
Treatment of Pain in Large Animals
915(1)
Identifying and Anticipating Pain
915(1)
Treating Pain in Large Animals
916(5)
Species-Specific Information
921(1)
Horses
921(1)
Cattle, Sheep, and Goats
922(1)
Camelids
923(1)
Pigs
923(2)
30 Veterinary Anesthesia
925(48)
John A. Thomas
Phillip Lerche
Heather Cruea
Carl O'Brien
Introduction
927(1)
What Is Anesthesia?
927(1)
Patient Preparation
928(1)
Fasting Recommendations
928(1)
Patient Stabilization
928(1)
Physical Status Classification
928(1)
Anesthetic Agents
929(1)
Agonists, Partial Agonists, Mixed Agonist-Antagonists, and Antagonists
929(1)
Anticholinergics
929(1)
Tranquilizers and Sedatives
930(1)
Phenothiazine Tranquilizers
930(1)
Benzodiazepine Tranquilizers
930(1)
Alpha2 Adrenergic Drugs
930(1)
Opioids
931(1)
Propofol
932(1)
Alfaxalone
933(1)
Dissociatives
933(1)
Etomidate
934(1)
Guaifenesin
934(1)
Barbiturates
934(1)
Inhalant Anesthetics
934(1)
Halogenated Anesthetics
934(1)
Anesthesia Equipment
935(1)
Endotracheal Tubes
935(1)
Laryngoscopes
935(1)
Supraglottic Airway Devices
935(1)
Masks
936(1)
Anesthetic Chambers
936(1)
The Anesthesia Machine
937(1)
Preparing the Machine
937(1)
The Carrier Gas Supply
938(2)
Anesthetic Vaporizers
940(1)
Breathing Circuits
941(2)
Rebreathing Circuit Parts
943(1)
Scavenging System
944(1)
Maintenance of the Anesthesia Machine
944(1)
Principles of Endotracheal Intubation
945(1)
Selecting a Tube
945(1)
Preparing the Tube
945(1)
Intubation Procedures
945(2)
Checking for Proper Placement
947(1)
Cuff Inflation
947(1)
Laryngospasm
947(1)
Complications of Intubation
948(1)
Monitoring the Anesthetized Patient
948(1)
Stages and Planes of Anesthesia
948(1)
Principles of Monitoring
949(1)
Vital Signs
949(2)
Indicators of Circulation
951(1)
Indicators of Oxygenation
951(1)
Indicators of Ventilation
951(1)
Reflexes and Other Indicators of Depth of Anesthesia
952(1)
Monitoring Equipment
953(1)
Mechanical Indicators of Circulation
953(2)
Mechanical Indicators of Oxygenation
955(1)
Mechanical Indicators of Ventilation
955(1)
Small Animal Anesthesia
956(1)
Selecting a Protocol
956(1)
Equipment Preparation
957(1)
The Preanesthetic Period
957(1)
Induction of Anesthesia
957(2)
Maintenance of Anesthesia
959(1)
Patient Positioning, Comfort, and Safety
960(1)
Recovery From Anesthesia
960(2)
Equine Anesthesia
962(1)
Selecting a Protocol
962(1)
Equipment Preparation
962(1)
The Preanesthetic Period
962(1)
Induction of Anesthesia
963(2)
Maintenance of Anesthesia
965(1)
Recovery From Anesthesia
965(1)
Ruminant Anesthesia
966(1)
Selecting a Protocol
966(1)
Preanesthetic Fasting
966(1)
Equipment Preparation
966(1)
The Preanesthetic Period
967(1)
Induction of Anesthesia
967(1)
Maintenance of Anesthesia
968(1)
Recovery From Anesthesia
968(1)
Manual and Mechanical Ventilation
969(1)
Anesthetic Problems and Emergencies
969(1)
Inadequate or Excessive Oxygen Flow
970(1)
Saturation of Carbon Dioxide Absorbent Granules
970(1)
A Patient That Will Not Stay Asleep
970(1)
Excessive Depth of Anesthesia
970(1)
Apnea and Hypoventilation
971(1)
Hypotension
971(1)
Cyanosis or Low Oxygen Saturation
971(1)
Vomiting or Regurgitation
971(1)
Prolonged Recovery
971(1)
Rough Recovery
971(2)
Part 7 Surgical Nursing
31 Surgical Instruments and Aseptic Technique
973(52)
George W. McCommon
Introduction
974(1)
Instrumentation
975(1)
General Surgery Instruments
975(9)
Stapling Equipment
984(1)
Vascular Sealing Devices
985(1)
Ophthalmic Instruments
985(1)
Orthopedic Instruments
985(2)
Orthopedic Implants
987(5)
Arthroscopic Instruments and Equipment
992(5)
Instrument Packs
997(1)
Instrument Care
998(1)
Drapes and Gowns
999(1)
Aseptic Technique
1000(2)
Physical Methods of Sterilization
1002(4)
Chemical Methods of Sterilization
1006(2)
Sterilization of Arthroscopic/Laparoscopic Equipment
1008(2)
Operating Room Preparation
1010(1)
Small Animal Patient Preparation
1010(3)
Equine Patient Preparation
1013(1)
Surgical Team Preparation
1014(11)
32 Surgical Assistance and Suture Material
1025(22)
Nanette Walker Smith
Introduction
1026(1)
General Concepts in Veterinary Surgical Assisting
1026(1)
Role of the Surgical Assistant
1026(1)
Preoperative Preparation
1026(1)
Preparation of the Surgical Patient
1026(4)
Operating Room Sterility
1030(1)
Surgical Instruments and Instrument Table Organization
1031(1)
Intraoperative Techniques and Duties
1031(1)
Surgical Lighting
1031(1)
Instrumentation Cords and Tubing
1032(1)
Scalpel Use
1032(1)
Instrument Passing
1033(1)
Retraction
1033(1)
Hemostasis
1033(1)
Suture Cutting
1034(1)
Lavage and Suction
1034(1)
Camera Manipulation
1034(1)
Tissue Manipulation, Retraction, and Organ Positioning
1034(1)
Surgical Implants
1035(1)
Suture Material
1036(1)
Considerations When Choosing Suture
1036(2)
Suture Classification and Examples
1038(1)
Suture Needles
1038(1)
Suture Placement and Removal
1039(1)
Postoperative Management
1040(1)
Surgical Assisting for Equine Patients
1040(1)
Draping for Abdominal Surgery
1040(1)
Draping for Orthopedic Surgery
1040(1)
Instrument Setup and Handling
1041(1)
Tissue Handling Techniques
1041(4)
Suture Materials Used in Horses
1045(2)
33 Small Animal Surgical Nursing
1047(40)
Nanette Walker Smith
Introduction
1049(1)
Preoperative Patient Assessment
1049(1)
Surgical Preparation and Animal Positioning
1049(1)
Perioperative Antibiotics
1050(1)
Monitoring
1050(1)
Blood Loss
1051(1)
Hypothermia
1051(1)
Pain
1051(1)
Incision Evaluation
1052(1)
Suture Removal
1053(1)
Bandage Care
1054(1)
Drain Care
1054(1)
Restraint
1055(1)
Common Surgical Procedure
1055(1)
Elective Versus Nonelective Surgery
1055(1)
Tail Docking and Dewclaw Removal in Puppies
1056(1)
Definition
1056(1)
Indications
1056(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1056(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1056(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1056(1)
Tail Docking and Dewclaw Removal in the Adult Dog
1057(1)
Indications
1057(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1057(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations for Dewclaw Removal in the Adult Dog
1057(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations for Tail Amputation in the Adult Dog
1057(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1057(1)
Feline Onychectomy
1057(1)
Definition
1057(1)
Indications
1057(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1057(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1057(2)
Postoperative Considerations
1059(1)
Celiotomy
1059(1)
Definition
1059(1)
Indications
1059(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1059(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1059(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1060(1)
Gastrointestinal Surgery
1061(1)
Definition
1061(1)
Indications
1061(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1061(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1061(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1062(1)
Gastric Dilatation-Volvulus
1063(1)
Definition
1063(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1063(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1063(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1064(1)
Ovariohysterectomy in Dogs and Cats
1065(1)
Definition
1065(1)
Indications
1065(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1065(2)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1067(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1067(2)
Pyometra
1069(1)
Definition
1069(1)
Indications
1069(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1069(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1069(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1069(1)
Canine Castration
1070(1)
Definition
1070(1)
Indications
1070(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1070(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1070(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1070(1)
Feline Castration
1071(1)
Definition
1071(1)
Indications
1071(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1071(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1071(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1071(1)
Cesarean Delivery
1071(1)
Definition
1071(1)
Indications
1072(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1072(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1073(1)
Postoperative Considerations for the Neonate
1073(1)
Postoperative Considerations for the Dam
1073(1)
Cystotomy
1074(1)
Definition
1074(1)
Indications
1074(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1074(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1074(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1074(1)
Urethrostomy
1075(1)
Definition
1075(1)
Indications
1075(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1075(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1075(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1076(1)
Hernias
1077(1)
Umbilical Hernia
1077(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1077(1)
Inguinal Hernia
1077(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1077(1)
Diaphragmatic Hernia
1077(2)
Lumpectomy
1079(1)
Definition
1079(1)
Indications
1079(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1079(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1079(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1080(1)
Removal of Mammary Neoplasia
1080(1)
Definition
1080(1)
General Information and Indications
1080(1)
Technique and Intraoperative Considerations
1080(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1080(1)
Amputation
1080(1)
Definition
1080(1)
Indications
1080(1)
Preoperative Considerations
1081(1)
Technique and Perioperative Considerations
1081(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1081(1)
Care of the Neurologic Patient
1081(1)
Surgical Technique and Perioperative Considerations
1082(1)
Postoperative Considerations
1083(1)
Orthopedic Surgery
1084(1)
Long Bone Fractures
1084(1)
Joints
1085(1)
Client Education
1086(1)
Guidelines for Discharge Instructions
1086(1)
34 Large Animal Surgical Nursing
1087(27)
Oreta M. Samples
Amy A. Geeding
Margaret L. Trenta
Danielle B. Vallotton
Introduction
1087(1)
Surgical Nursing of Horses
1088(1)
Preoperative Preparation
1088(1)
Intraoperative Nursing
1089(1)
Postoperative Nursing
1090(1)
Surgical Considerations
1090(1)
Abdominal Surgery
1090(4)
Urogenital Tract Surgery
1094(2)
Perineal Surgery
1096(1)
Musculoskeletal Surgery
1096(6)
Upper Respiratory Tract Surgery
1102(7)
Musculoskeletal System
1109(1)
Reproductive System
1110(2)
Surgical Considerations for Small Ruminants
1112(2)
35 Veterinary Dentistry
1114(46)
Mary Lynn Berg
Introduction
1115(1)
Ethical and Legal Aspects
1116(1)
Dental Morphology
1116(2)
Occlusion
1118(2)
Oral Examination and History
1120(5)
Extraoral Examination
1125(1)
Intraoral Examination
1125(6)
Dental Radiography
1131(1)
Equipment
1131(1)
Digital Radiography
1131(1)
Exposure and Positioning Errors
1132(1)
Techniques
1132(1)
Radiographic Interpretation
1133(1)
Periodontal Disease
1133(2)
Periodontal Debridement
1135(1)
Power Scaling
1136(1)
Sonic Scaler
1136(1)
Ultrasonic Scaler
1136(1)
Safety Precautions
1136(1)
Tip Designs
1137(1)
Energy Dispersion
1137(1)
Types of Ultrasonic Scalers
1137(1)
Knob Settings and Safety
1138(2)
Hand Scaling
1140(1)
Supragingival Instruments
1141(1)
Subgingival Curettes
1141(1)
Principles of Scaling
1141(1)
Sharpening
1142(1)
Polishing
1143(1)
Regional Nerve Blocks for Oral Surgery in Dogs and Cats
1143(1)
Infraorbital Nerve Block
1144(1)
Middle Mental Nerve Block
1144(1)
Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block
1144(1)
Maxillary Nerve Block
1144(1)
Periodontal Surgery
1145(1)
Home Care
1146(2)
Exodontics
1148(1)
Closed Extractions
1148(1)
Surgical Extractions
1148(1)
Advanced Dental Procedures
1149(1)
Endodontics
1149(1)
Restorative Dentistry
1150(1)
Specific Conditions in Dogs and Cats
1150(1)
Tooth Resorption
1150(1)
Orthodontic Problems
1151(2)
Dental Trauma
1153(1)
Oral Neoplasia
1154(1)
Stomatitis
1155(1)
Masticatory Myositis
1155(1)
Jaw Fractures
1156(1)
Equine Dentistry
1156(1)
Dental Anatomy and Physiology
1156(1)
Common Dental Problems of Horses
1157(3)
Part 8 End of Life
36 Geriatric and Hospice Care: Supporting the Aged and Dying Patient
1160(21)
Mary Ellen Goldberg
Sheilah Ann Robertson
Kristina L. Rothers
Geriatric Dogs and Cats
1161(1)
Introduction
1161(1)
The Aging Process
1162(1)
When Are Dogs and Cats Considered to Be Senior or Geriatric?
1162(1)
Physiologic Changes Associated with Aging
1162(1)
Effects of Aging on Organ Systems
1162(1)
Cardiopulmonary System
1162(1)
Integumentary System
1162(1)
Immune and Endocrine System
1163(1)
Gastrointestinal System
1163(1)
Hepatobiliary Changes With Age
1163(1)
Oral Cavity
1163(1)
Renal and Urinary Systems
1164(1)
Nervous System
1164(1)
Musculoskeletal System
1164(1)
Cognitive Impairment and Other Behavioral Issues
1165(1)
Signs of Cognitive Impairment
1165(1)
Management Strategies to Improve Quality of Life
1166(1)
Other Considerations for Geriatric Pets
1166(1)
Geriatric Wellness Programs
1167(1)
Nutrition
1167(1)
Anesthesia
1168(1)
Hospice and Palliative Care
1169(1)
Special Nursing Considerations
1169(2)
Nursing Care
1171(2)
Companion Animal Death and Dying
1173(1)
Geriatric Horses
1173(1)
Physical Examination
1173(1)
Common Problems in Aging Horses
1174(1)
Oral and Nasal Health
1174(1)
Vision
1174(1)
Cardiac Disease
1174(1)
Respiratory Disease
1174(1)
Gastrointestinal Disease
1174(1)
Kidney Disease
1174(1)
Skin Disorders
1174(1)
Neurologic Abnormalities
1174(1)
Orthopedic Disease
1175(1)
Chronic Diseases of the Geriatric Horse
1175(1)
Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction
1175(1)
Heaves (Recurrent Airway Obstruction or Equine Asthma)
1175(1)
Laminitis (Founder)
1176(1)
Dental Problems and Sinusitis
1176(1)
Equine Recurrent Uveitis (Moon Blindness)
1177(2)
Neurologic Deficits
1179(1)
Musculoskeletal Conditions
1179(1)
Management, Nutrition, and Nursing Care of the Geriatric Horse
1179(1)
End-of-Life Issues
1180(1)
37 The Human--Animal Bond and Euthanasia
1181(22)
David L. Shuey
Introduction: The Human--Animal Bond
1182(1)
Pet Loss and Grief: When the Bond Changes
1182(1)
The Changing Unit of Care
1182(1)
Bond-Centered Care
1182(1)
The Interdisciplinary Team
1183(1)
Bond-Centered Care in Practice
1183(1)
The Veterinary Technician's Roles in End-of-Life Cases
1183(1)
Education and End-of-Life Conversations
1184(1)
Advance Directives
1184(1)
Discussing Euthanasia
1185(1)
Discussing Natural Death
1185(1)
Medical Care
1185(1)
Preparing for the Death
1185(1)
Assisting With and Performing Euthanasia
1185(1)
Preparing the Pet's Body for Aftercare
1186(1)
Advocacy
1186(1)
Decisions: Goals of Care, Euthanasia, and Natural Death
1186(1)
Quality of Life and the Will to Live
1187(1)
Suffering
1188(1)
Ethical Considerations
1188(1)
Convenience
1188(1)
Shelter and Research Situations
1189(1)
Welfare
1189(1)
Six Freedoms
1189(1)
Euthanasia: A "Leap of Faith"
1189(1)
Letting the Pet Decide
1189(1)
Euthanasia: The Art of Providing a Good Death
1190(1)
Common Methods
1190(1)
Small Animal Protocols
1190(1)
Large Animal Considerations and Protocols
1191(1)
Dysthanasia
1192(3)
Handling the Unexpected
1195(1)
Establishing Protocols and Training Staff
1196(1)
Euthanasia in Shelter and Research Situations Revisited: The Bond Remains the Same
1196(1)
Hospice-Supported Natural Death
1196(1)
Deep Questions
1196(1)
Signs of Active Dying, Caring for the Dying Patient
1196(1)
Aftercare and Memorialization
1197(1)
Burial
1197(1)
Cremation
1197(1)
Return to the Elements
1197(1)
Honoring the Death, Nurturing the Memory
1197(1)
The Grieving Human and the Grieving Animal: When the Bond Changes
1197(1)
Anticipatory Grief
1198(1)
Normal Grief
1198(1)
Complicated Grief
1199(1)
Disenfranchised Grief
1199(1)
Partnering With the Grieving Client
1199(1)
Animals' Understanding of and Responses to Death
1200(1)
The Critical Need for Self-Care
1200(1)
Summary: Key Points for This
Chapter
1201(2)
Index 1203