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E-raamat: Meaning and Humour

(Lingnan University, Hong Kong)
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"How are humorous meanings generated and interpreted? Understanding a joke involves knowledge of the language code (a matter mostly of semantics) and background knowledge necessary for making the inferences to get the joke (a matter of pragmatics). This book introduces and critiques a wide range of semantic and pragmatic theories in relation to humour, such as systemic functional linguistics, speech acts, politeness and relevance theory, emphasising not only conceptual but also interpersonal and textual meanings. Exploiting recent corpus-based research, it suggests that much humour can be accounted for by the overriding of lexical priming. Each chapter's discussion topics and suggestions for further reading encourage a critical approach to semantic and pragmatic theory. Written by an experienced lecturer on the linguistics of the English language, this is an entertaining and user-friendly textbook for advanced students of semantics, pragmatics and humour studies"--

Arvustused

'Humour is not always easy to understand, semantics is hard to grasp. Adroitly enunciating, Andrew Goatly mixes and matches, with a careful touch, and both teaches and captivates his readers.' Richard J. Alexander, Vienna University of Economics and Business 'Goatly's work is an interesting, innovative, and useful book. It is the first systematic consideration of the linguistic phenomena of humor. I would recommend it for students and scholars alike.' Salvatore Attardo, Editor-in-Chief, HUMOR: International Journal of Humor Research and Encyclopedia of Humor Studies

Muu info

Introduces and critiques a wide range of semantic and pragmatic theories in relation to humour.
List of figures
xi
List of tables
xii
List of illustrations
xiv
Acknowledgements xv
Typographical conventions xvii
1 Introduction
1(24)
1.1 About this book
1(5)
1.2 Semantic typography
6(4)
1.3 Jakobson's model of communication and the metalingual function
10(1)
1.4 An introductory framework: form, meaning, world
11(5)
1.5 Defining the word and other lexical concepts
16(5)
1.6 Humour, ambiguity and incongruity
21(2)
1.7 Summary
23(2)
2 Meaning in the language system: aspects of form and meaning
25(26)
2.1 Levels in the language system
25(2)
2.2 Phonology/graphology
27(2)
2.3 Morphology: affixation
29(4)
2.4 Re-analysis and folk-etymology
33(4)
2.5 Compounds, collocations and idioms
37(12)
2.6 Summary
49(2)
3 Semantics and conceptual meaning of grammar
51(22)
3.1 The meaning of modification
51(3)
3.2 Epithets and classifiers
54(2)
3.3 The of-genitive
56(2)
3.4 The scope and orientation of modification
58(1)
3.5 A semantic approach to syntax: Halliday and transitivity
59(3)
3.6 An example of analysis
62(5)
3.7 Transformations: passivisation and nominalisation
67(2)
3.8 Ergative meanings
69(1)
3.9 Reciprocal verbs
70(1)
3.10 Summary
71(2)
4 Semantics and the conceptual meaning of lexis
73(37)
4.1 Sense relations
74(3)
4.2 Lexical ambiguity
77(6)
4.3 Presupposition
83(4)
4.4 Meaning oppositions
87(8)
4.5 Hyponymy
95(3)
4.6 Meronymy and synecdoche
98(1)
4.7 Componential analysis
99(3)
4.8 Sense relations in the dictionary and in a text
102(1)
4.9 Vague and fuzzy concepts
103(5)
4.10 Summary and afterthought
108(2)
5 Personal, social and affective meanings
110(25)
5.1 Reflected meaning
110(1)
5.2 Connotative meanings
111(2)
5.3 Affective meaning
113(7)
5.4 Social meaning
120(7)
5.5 Grammar and interpersonal meanings
127(3)
5.6 Humour and social or interpersonal meanings
130(3)
5.7 Summary
133(2)
6 Textual meaning and genre
135(31)
6.1 Collocative meaning
135(2)
6.2 Thematic meaning and information focus
137(4)
6.3 Cohesion
141(2)
6.4 Genre
143(17)
6.5 A critique of traditional de-contextualised semantics, and meaning change
160(4)
6.6 Summary
164(2)
7 Metaphor and figures of speech
166(28)
7.1 Terminology for metaphor analysis
167(4)
7.2 Original and conventional metaphors
171(1)
7.3 Conceptual metaphor theory
172(2)
7.4 Cognitive metaphors exploited in humour
174(6)
7.5 Metaphors and their co-text
180(5)
7.6 What metaphors and humour have in common
185(5)
7.7 Degrees of conventionality: semantics or pragmatics
190(2)
7.8 Summary
192(2)
8 Pragmatics: reference and speech acts
194(30)
8.1 The boundaries of semantics and pragmatics
195(1)
8.2 Symbol, icon and index
196(3)
8.3 Reference
199(4)
8.4 Debris
203(2)
8.5 Speech acts
205(11)
8.6 Conversational analysis
216(5)
8.7 Problems with speech act theory and conversational analysis
221(1)
8.8 Summary
222(2)
9 Pragmatics: co-operation and politeness
224(23)
9.1 Grice's co-operative principle
225(1)
9.2 Observing the maxims: standard implicature
225(1)
9.3 Breaking the maxims
226(2)
9.4 Ways of breaking the maxims
228(5)
9.5 The co-operative principle and humour theory
233(3)
9.6 Interpersonal pragmatics: politeness and the politeness principle
236(6)
9.7 Modesty, approbation and banter
242(2)
9.8 Impoliteness, humour and failed humour
244(1)
9.9 Summary
245(2)
10 Relevance Theory, schemas and deductive inference
247(29)
10.1 Propositions, propositional attitude and implicature
247(4)
10.2 What is relevance? Contextual effects and processing effort
251(4)
10.3 Relevance, deductive logic and understanding jokes
255(2)
10.4 The relation of Relevance Theory to Grice's theory
257(1)
10.5 Implicature and schema theory
258(7)
10.6 Echoic utterances and irony
265(3)
10.7 Echoic utterances, levels of discourse and multiple voices in texts
268(2)
10.8 Echoes and allusions
270(1)
10.9 Jokes: echoic mentions or uses?
271(2)
10.10 Summary
273(3)
11 Lexical priming: information, collocation, predictability and humour
276(41)
11.1 Predictability and information theory
276(3)
11.2 Collocation and predictability
279(4)
11.3 Collocation and text-linguistics
283(2)
11.4 Lexical priming and collocation
285(4)
11.5 Ambiguity, humour and the overriding of priming
289(17)
11.6 Some reservations about priming theory as a theory of humour
306(2)
11.7 Theories of humour and the meaning constraints of language
308(4)
11.8 An afterthought and hint of a theory
312(3)
11.9 Summary
315(2)
Glossary 317(20)
Notes 337(4)
References 341(9)
Index 350
Andrew Goatly is a professor in the Department of English at Lingnan University, Hong Kong.