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E-raamat: Mechatronics in Medicine A Biomedical Engineering Approach

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  • Formaat: 208 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 04-Nov-2011
  • Kirjastus: McGraw-Hill Professional
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780071768979
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Mechatronics in Medicine A Biomedical Engineering ApproachSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 208 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 04-Nov-2011
  • Kirjastus: McGraw-Hill Professional
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780071768979
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Cutting-edge coverage of mechatronics in medical systems

Mechatronics in Medicine: A Biomedical Engineering Approach describes novel solutions for utilizing mechatronics to design innovative, accurate, and intelligent medical devices and optimize conventional medical instruments. After an introduction to mechatronics, the book addresses sensing technologies, actuators and feedback sensors, mechanisms and mechanical devices, and processing and control systems. Artificial intelligence, expert systems, and medical imaging are also covered. This pioneering guide concludes by discussing applications of mechatronics in medicine and biomedical engineering and presenting seven real-world medical case studies.

In-depth details on:

Sensing technology Electromechanical, fluid, pneumatic power, and other types of actuators Feedback sensors Mechanisms, mechanical devices, and their functions Principles and methods of processing and controlling mechatronics systems Artificial intelligence, expert systems, artificial neural networks, fuzzy systems, and neuro fuzzy systems Medical imaging, including ultrasound, MRI, CT scan, and nuclear imaging Medical case studies in mechatronics
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
1 Introduction to Mechatronics
1(6)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Mechatronic Systems
1(3)
1.3 Mechatronics Design Concept and Framework
4(1)
1.4 Importance of Mechatronics in Medical Applications
5(1)
References
6(1)
2 Sensing Technology
7(32)
2.1 Introduction
7(1)
2.2 Transducers and Sensors
7(24)
2.2.1 Sensor Technologies
8(8)
2.2.2 Sensor Characterization
16(5)
2.2.3 Sensors
21(10)
2.3 Machine Vision
31(3)
2.4 Sensor Applications in Medicine
34(3)
2.4.1 Implantable Sensors
34(1)
2.4.2 Temporary Inserted Sensors
34(2)
2.4.3 External Sensors Exposed to Body Fluids
36(1)
2.4.4 Sensors Used for External Applications
36(1)
References
37(2)
3 Actuators and Feedback Sensors
39(14)
3.1 Introduction
39(1)
3.2 Electromechanical Actuators
39(6)
3.2.1 Electric Motors
40(1)
3.2.2 DC Motors
40(2)
3.2.3 Solenoids
42(1)
3.2.4 Stepper Motors
43(1)
3.2.5 Servomotor
44(1)
3.2.6 Piezoelectric Actuators
45(1)
3.3 Fluid and Pneumatic Power Actuators
45(3)
3.3.1 Hydraulic Actuators
46(1)
3.3.2 Pneumatic Actuators
47(1)
3.4 Other Actuators
48(2)
3.4.1 Chemical Actuators
48(1)
3.4.2 Shape Memory Alloy Actuators
49(1)
3.4.3 Ionic Polymer-Metal Composite Actuators
49(1)
3.4.4 MEMS Actuators
50(1)
3.5 Feedback Sensors
50(1)
3.6 Selection Criteria
50(1)
References
51(2)
4 Mechanisms and Mechanical Devices
53(16)
4.1 Introduction
53(1)
4.2 Conversion of Rotational Motion into Linear Motion and Vice Versa
54(1)
4.2.1 Rack and Pinion
54(1)
4.2.2 Ball Screw
54(1)
4.3 Changing Rotational Speed, Torque, and Angular Orientation of Rotational Motion
55(5)
4.3.1 Gear Terminology
55(1)
4.3.2 Spur and Helical Gears
56(1)
4.3.3 Bevel Gears
57(1)
4.3.4 Face Gears
57(1)
4.3.5 Worm Drive
57(1)
4.3.6 Harmonic Drive Gear Train
58(1)
4.3.7 Epicyclic Gear Train
59(1)
4.4 Transformation of Rotary Motion in One Plane to Motion in Another Plane
60(2)
4.4.1 Couplings
60(1)
4.4.2 Chain
61(1)
4.4.3 Belt
61(1)
4.5 Clutches and Brakes
62(1)
4.5.1 Brakes
62(1)
4.5.2 Clutches
63(1)
4.6 Creation of a Particular Manner of Motion
63(2)
4.6.1 Cam Mechanism
63(1)
4.6.2 Linkage
64(1)
4.7 Bearings
65(2)
References
67(2)
5 Processing and Control Systems
69(10)
5.1 Introduction
69(1)
5.2 Basics of Control
69(4)
5.2.1 Modeling in the Frequency Domain
71(1)
5.2.2 Modeling in the Time Domain
72(1)
5.3 Data Acquisition
73(2)
5.3.1 Sampling and Aliasing
73(1)
5.3.2 Quantization and Coding
74(1)
5.3.3 Analog-to-Digital Converter
74(1)
5.3.4 Digital-to-Analog Converter
75(1)
5.4 Microprocessors and Microcontrollers
75(2)
References
77(2)
6 Artificial Intelligence and Expert Systems
79(12)
6.1 Introduction
79(1)
6.2 Artificial Intelligence
79(4)
6.2.1 Semantic Net
80(1)
6.2.2 Semantic Tree
80(1)
6.2.3 Combining Frames with Rules
81(1)
6.2.4 Search Spaces
81(1)
6.2.5 Combinatorial Explosion
81(1)
6.2.6 Problem Reduction
81(1)
6.2.7 Forward Chaining and Backward Chaining Search
81(1)
6.2.8 Search Methods
81(1)
6.2.9 Properties of Search Methods
82(1)
6.2.10 Logic
82(1)
6.2.11 Playing Games
82(1)
6.3 Expert Systems
83(1)
6.3.1 Expert Systems Structure
83(1)
6.3.2 Benefits of Expert Systems
83(1)
6.3.3 Heuristic Reasoning
84(1)
6.4 Artificial Neural Network
84(4)
6.4.1 Neuron and Neurode
84(2)
6.4.2 Neural Network Learning
86(1)
6.4.3 Neural Network Training
86(1)
6.4.4 Neural Network Applications in Medicine
87(1)
6.5 Fuzzy Systems
88(1)
6.5.1 Crisp Logic versus Fuzzy Logic
88(1)
6.6 Neuro Fuzzy Systems
89(1)
6.6.1 Neurons Performing Fuzzy Operations
89(1)
6.6.2 Regular Neural Network with Fuzzy Input and Output
90(1)
References
90(1)
7 Medical Imaging
91(10)
7.1 Introduction
91(1)
7.2 Medical Imaging Applications
91(8)
7.2.1 Ultrasound
91(3)
7.2.2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging
94(2)
7.2.3 CT Scan
96(1)
7.2.4 Nuclear Imaging
97(2)
References
99(2)
8 Applications of Mechatronics in Medicine
101(10)
8.1 Introduction
101(1)
8.2 Robotics in Medicine
101(5)
8.2.1 Robots in Surgery
102(1)
8.2.2 Nano Robotics in Medicine
103(1)
8.2.3 Rehabilitation Robotics
104(1)
8.2.4 Surgical Training Simulators and Haptic Interface
104(2)
8.3 Smart Instruments and Probes
106(2)
8.3.1 Smart Handheld Surgical Tools
107(1)
8.4 Navigation
108(1)
References
109(2)
9 Medical Case Studies in Mechatronics
111(58)
9.1 Introduction
111(1)
9.2 Handheld Snake-Like Robots
111(4)
9.3 Smart Probe for Detecting Kidney Stones
115(8)
9.4 Smart Probe for Breast Cancer
123(12)
9.5 Ankle Sprain
135(10)
9.6 Active Prosthetic Knee
145(7)
9.7 Smart System for Cardiovascular Plaque Detection
152(9)
9.8 An Instrument for Esophagectomy
161(4)
References
165(4)
Abbreviations and Symbols 169(6)
Index 175
Professor Siamak Najarian completed his Ph.D. in Biomedical Engineering at Oxford University, England and had a pos-doc position at the same university for one year. Prof. Najarian serves as the Full-Professor and Dean of Faculty of Biomedical Engineering at Amirkabir University of Technology. His research interests are the applications of artificial tactile sensing (especially in robotic surgery) and design of artificial organs. He is the author and translators of 23 books in the field of biomedical engineering, 8 of which are written in English. Prof. Najarian has published more than 130 international journal and conference papers in the field of biomedical engineering.





Professor Javad Dargahi received his B.Sc., M.Sc., and Ph.D. degree in Mechanical Engineering in the UK. He was a Research Assistant at the Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK and an Assistant Professor at the Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran. He was a Senior Post-Doctoral Research Associate with the Micromachining/Medical Robotics Group at Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada. Prof. Dargahi worked in a few companies in North America. He is currently an Associate Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Concordia.
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