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E-raamat: Methods of Macroeconomic Dynamics

  • Formaat: 687 pages
  • Sari: The MIT Press
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Jan-2000
  • Kirjastus: MIT Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780262285278
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  • Formaat: 687 pages
  • Sari: The MIT Press
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Jan-2000
  • Kirjastus: MIT Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780262285278

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Just as macroeconomic models describe the overall economy within a changing, or dynamic, framework, the models themselves change over time. In this text Stephen J. Turnovsky reviews in depth several early models as well as a representation of more recent models. They include traditional (backward-looking) models, linear rational expectations (future-looking) models, intertemporal optimization models, endogenous growth models, and continuous time stochastic models. The author uses examples from both closed and open economies. Whereas others commonly introduce models in a closed context, tacking on a brief discussion of the model in an open economy, Turnovsky integrates the two perspectives throughout to reflect the increasingly international outlook of the field.This new edition has been extensively revised. It contains a new chapter on optimal monetary and fiscal policy, and the coverage of growth theory has been expanded substantially. The range of growth models considered has been extended, with particular attention devoted to transitional dynamics and nonscale growth. The book includes cutting-edge research and unpublished data, including much of the author's own work.

Preface to Second Edition xi
Preface to First Edition xiii
Introduction and Overview
1(14)
The Evolution of Macrodynamics
1(2)
Scope of the Book
3(3)
Outline of the Book
6(9)
I TRADITIONAL MACRODYNAMICS 15(50)
A Dynamic Portfolio Balance Macroeconomic Model
17(48)
Some Preliminary Concepts
17(3)
The Output Market
20(7)
The Financial Sector
27(6)
Equilibrium in Product and Money Markets
33(2)
The Supply Function
35(2)
The Phillips Curve
37(1)
Dynamics of Asset Accumulation
38(2)
Expectations
40(2)
A Complete Dynamic Macro Model
42(4)
Fixed Real Stock of Money Policy
46(6)
Constant Rate of Nominal Monetary Growth Policy
52(2)
Fixed Real Stock of Government Bonds Policy
54(4)
Conclusions: Some Methodological Remarks
58(7)
II RATIONAL EXPECTATIONS 65(160)
Rational Expectations: Some Basic Issues
67(30)
The Rational Expectations Hypothesis
67(2)
Specification of Expectations in Continuous-Time Models
69(6)
The Cagan Monetary Model
75(3)
Forward-Looking Solution to Cagan Model
78(8)
Discrete-Time Cagan Model
86(5)
Bubbles
91(1)
Learning
92(5)
Rational Expectations and Policy Neutrality
97(34)
The Lucas Supply Function
97(7)
A Complete Rational Expectations Macro Model
104(2)
The Lucas Critique and Policy Neutrality
106(4)
Robustness of Policy Neutrality Proposition
110(5)
Full Information Level of Output
115(1)
Alternative Information Set
116(8)
Persistence of Shocks and Business Cycles
124(4)
Conclusions
128(3)
Nonuniqueness Issues in Rational Expectations Models
131(22)
The Taylor Model
132(3)
Nonuniqueness Due to Policy
135(2)
Critique of Minimum Variance Criterion
137(2)
The Minimum State Representation Solution
139(4)
Some Objections to the Minimum State Representation Solution
143(2)
Characterization of Solutions of General Rational Expectations Systems
145(2)
A Nonlinear Macrodynamic Model
147(3)
Endogeneity of Coefficients
150(1)
Some Final Comments
151(2)
Macroeconomic Stabilization Policy under Rational Expectations
153(34)
Wage Indexation
154(5)
Monetary Instrument Problem
159(5)
Generalized Disturbances and the Role of Information
164(3)
A Rational Expectations Model of a Small Open Economy
167(3)
General Solution
170(3)
Jointly Optimal Wage Indexation and Monetary Policies
173(9)
The Barro-Gordon Model
182(3)
Conclusions
185(2)
Rational Expectations and Saddlepoint Behavior
187(38)
Saddlepoint Behavior
187(4)
Example 1: Cagan Model with Sluggish Wages
191(8)
Example 2: Term Structure of Interest Rates
199(12)
Example 3: Exchange Rate Dynamics
211(14)
Appendix
217(8)
III INTERTEMPORAL OPTIMIZATION 225(192)
The Representative Agent Model
227(52)
Introduction
227(1)
The Framework and Macroeconomic Equilibrium
228(9)
Sustainability of Equilibrium
237(3)
Unanticipated Permanent Increase in Government Expenditure
240(11)
Temporary Increase in Government Expenditure
251(4)
Government Expenditure as a Productive Input
255(3)
Term Structure of Interest Rates
258(5)
Money in the Utility Function
263(5)
Population Growth
268(3)
The Representative Agent Model: Some Caveats
271(8)
Appendix
274(5)
Equilibrium in a Decentralized Economy with Distortionary Taxes and Inflation
279(38)
Introduction
279(2)
The Macroeconomic Structure
281(7)
Perfect Foresight Equilibrium
288(1)
Determination of Optimality Conditions for Households
289(3)
Determination of Optimality Conditions for Firms
292(7)
Equilibrium Structure and Dynamics of System
299(2)
Steady State
301(2)
Characterization of Alternative Steady States
303(5)
Dynamic Response to Monetary Expansion
308(3)
Interior Debt-Equity Ratio
311(3)
A Final Comment
314(3)
A Dynamic Analysis of Taxes
317(32)
Introduction
317(2)
The Framework
319(8)
Macroeconomic Equilibrium
327(2)
Steady-State Effects
329(5)
Transitional Dynamics
334(2)
The Dynamics of Policy Shocks
336(1)
Short-Run Effects of Increases in Tax Rates
337(7)
Tax Incidence
344(5)
The Representative Agent in the International Economy
349(38)
Introduction and Overview
349(1)
Basic Monetary Model
350(8)
Real Model of Capital Accumulation
358(23)
Some Extensions
381(6)
Optimal Monetary and Fiscal Policy
387(30)
A Simplified Intertemporal Model
388(5)
Optimal Government Policies: A General Characterization
393(2)
Optimal Monetary Growth
395(4)
Optimal Monetary-Fiscal Package
399(1)
Recent Developments in Optimal Monetary Policy
400(1)
Optimal Taxation of Capital
401(5)
Externalities and Optimal Taxation of Capital
406(3)
Dynamic Inconsistency
409(8)
IV ENDOGENOUS GROWTH MODELS 417(120)
Endogenous Growth Models and Balanced Growth Paths
419(68)
Introduction and Overview
419(6)
Externalities and Ongoing Growth
425(3)
Integrated Fiscal Policy and Endogenous Growth
428(3)
A Linear Endogenous Growth Model
431(17)
Productive Government Expenditure
448(5)
Tax Policy, Growth, and Government Budget Balance
453(7)
Long-run Balance, Welfare, and Optimal Fiscal Policy
460(8)
Endogenous Labor Supply
468(12)
Conclusions
480(7)
Appendix
482(5)
Long-Run Growth and Transitional Dynamics
487(50)
Public and Private Capital
487(15)
Two-Sector Model of Endogenous Growth
502(12)
The Oritigueira-Santos Model
514(2)
Non-Scale Models of Economic Growth
516(2)
A One-Sector NonScale Model
518(4)
A General Two-Sector Model of Growth
522(10)
Some Final Comments
532(5)
V CONTINUOUS-TIME STOCHASTIC MODELS 537(102)
Continuous-Time Stochastic Optimization
539(50)
Introduction
539(2)
Some Basic Results from Continuous-Time Stochastic Calculus
541(6)
A Basic Stochastic Intertemporal Model
547(11)
Two Examples
558(4)
Proportional Disturbances and Stochastic Growth
562(16)
Some Extensions
578(2)
Some Previous Applications of Continuous-Time Stochastic Methods to Economics
580(1)
Real Business Cycle Model
581(8)
Appendix
584(5)
A Stochastic Intertemporal Model of a Small Open Economy
589(50)
Introduction
589(3)
The Analytical Framework
592(10)
Macroeconomic Equilibrium
602(11)
Equilibrium Properties
613(6)
Risk and the Equilibrium Growth Rate
619(6)
Applications to Issues in International Finance
625(6)
Monetary Policy and Optimal Exchange Rate Management
631(4)
Optimal Debt Policy
635(4)
References 639(22)
Name Index 661(4)
Subject Index 665