Preface |
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1 Introduction: examples of metrics, embeddings, and applications |
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1 | (33) |
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1.1 Metric spaces: definitions and main examples |
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1 | (5) |
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1.2 Types of embeddings: isometric, bilipschitz, coarse, and uniform |
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6 | (16) |
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1.2.1 Isometric embeddings |
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6 | (3) |
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1.2.2 Bilipschitz embeddings |
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9 | (8) |
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1.2.3 Coarse and uniform embeddings |
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17 | (5) |
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1.3 Probability theory terminology and notation |
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22 | (3) |
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1.4 Applications to the sparsest cut problem |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (3) |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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1.7 On applications in topology |
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30 | (2) |
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32 | (2) |
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2 Embeddability of locally finite metric spaces into Banach spaces is finitely determined. Related Banach space theory |
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34 | (46) |
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34 | (1) |
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2.2 Banach space theory: ultrafilters, ultraproducts, finite representability |
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35 | (9) |
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35 | (2) |
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37 | (3) |
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2.2.3 Finite representability |
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40 | (4) |
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2.3 Proofs of the main results on relations between embeddability of a locally finite metric space and its finite subsets |
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44 | (9) |
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2.3.1 Proof in the bilipschitz case |
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44 | (8) |
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2.3.2 Proof in the coarse case |
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52 | (1) |
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2.3.3 Remarks on extensions of finite determination results |
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53 | (1) |
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2.4 Banach space theory: type and cotype of Banach spaces, Khinchin and Kahane inequalities |
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53 | (22) |
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2.4.1 Rademacher type and cotype |
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53 | (4) |
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2.4.2 Kahane-Khinchin inequality |
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57 | (9) |
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2.4.3 Characterization of spaces with trivial type or cotype |
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66 | (9) |
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2.5 Some corollaries of the theorems on finite determination of embeddability of locally finite metric spaces |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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77 | (2) |
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79 | (1) |
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3 Constructions of embeddings |
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80 | (25) |
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3.1 Padded decompositions and their applications to constructions of embeddings |
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80 | (4) |
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3.2 Padded decompositions of minor-excluded graphs |
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84 | (6) |
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3.3 Padded decompositions in terms of ball growth |
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90 | (3) |
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3.4 Gluing single-scale embeddings |
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93 | (9) |
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102 | (1) |
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102 | (2) |
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104 | (1) |
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4 Obstacles for embeddability: Poincare inequalities |
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105 | (26) |
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4.1 Definition of Poincare inequalities for metric spaces |
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105 | (2) |
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4.2 Poincare inequalities for expanders |
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107 | (5) |
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4.3 Lp-distortion in terms of constants in Poincare inequalities |
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112 | (2) |
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4.4 Euclidean distortion and positive semidefinite matrices |
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114 | (2) |
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4.5 Fourier analytic method of getting Poincare inequalities |
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116 | (11) |
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127 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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4.8 A bit of history of coarse embeddability |
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129 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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5 Families of expanders and of graphs with large girth |
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131 | (60) |
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131 | (1) |
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5.2 Spectral characterization of expanders |
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132 | (5) |
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5.3 Kazhdan's property (T) and expanders |
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137 | (5) |
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5.4 Groups with property (T) |
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142 | (4) |
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5.4.1 Finite generation of SLn(Z) |
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143 | (1) |
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5.4.2 Finite quotients of SLn(Z) |
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144 | (1) |
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5.4.3 Property (T) for groups SLn(Z) |
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145 | (1) |
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5.4.4 Criterion for property (T) |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (9) |
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5.6 Graphs with large girth: basic definitions |
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155 | (1) |
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5.7 Graph lift constructions and embeddable graphs with large girth |
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156 | (8) |
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5.8 Probabilistic proof of existence of expanders |
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164 | (3) |
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5.9 Size and diameter of graphs with large girth: basic facts |
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167 | (2) |
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5.10 Random constructions of graphs with large girth |
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169 | (1) |
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5.11 Graphs with large girth using variational techniques |
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170 | (4) |
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5.12 Inequalities for the spectral gap of graphs with large girth |
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174 | (1) |
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5.13 Biggs's construction of graphs with large girth |
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175 | (2) |
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5.14 Margulis's 1982 construction of graphs with large girth |
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177 | (1) |
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5.15 Families of expanders which are not coarsely embeddable one into another |
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178 | (3) |
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181 | (2) |
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183 | (6) |
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5.17.1 Bounds for spectral gaps |
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187 | (1) |
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5.17.2 Graphs with very large spectral gaps |
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187 | (1) |
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5.17.3 Some more results and constructions |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (2) |
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6 Banach spaces which do not admit uniformly coarse embeddings of expanders |
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191 | (27) |
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6.1 Banach spaces whose balls admit uniform embeddings into L1 |
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192 | (3) |
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6.2 Banach spaces not admitting coarse embeddings of expander families, using interpolation |
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195 | (5) |
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6.3 Banach space theory: a characterization of reflexivity |
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200 | (4) |
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6.4 Some classes of spaces whose balls are not uniformly embeddable intoL1 |
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204 | (4) |
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6.4.1 Stable metric spaces and iterated limits |
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204 | (2) |
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6.4.2 Non-embeddability result |
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206 | (2) |
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6.5 Examples of non-reflexive spaces with nontrivial type |
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208 | (7) |
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215 | (1) |
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215 | (2) |
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217 | (1) |
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7 Structure properties of spaces which are not coarsely embeddable into a Hilbert space |
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218 | (10) |
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7.1 Expander-like structures implying coarse non-embeddability into L1 |
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218 | (2) |
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7.2 On the structure of locally finite spaces which do not admit coarse embeddings into a Hilbert space |
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220 | (3) |
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7.3 Expansion properties of metric spaces not admitting a coarse embedding into a Hilbert space |
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223 | (3) |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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8 Applications of Markov chains to embeddability problems |
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228 | (37) |
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8.1 Basic definitions and results on finite Markov chains |
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228 | (2) |
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230 | (2) |
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8.3 First application of Markov type to embeddability problems: Euclidean distortion of graphs with large girth |
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232 | (1) |
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8.4 Banach space theory: renormings of superreflexive spaces, q-convexity and p-smoothness |
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233 | (20) |
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8.4.1 Definitions and duality |
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233 | (6) |
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8.4.2 Pisier theorem on renormings of uniformly convex spaces |
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239 | (14) |
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8.5 Markov type of uniformly smooth Banach spaces |
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253 | (6) |
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8.6 Applications of Markov type to lower estimates of distortions of embeddings into uniformly smooth Banach spaces |
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259 | (2) |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (2) |
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264 | (1) |
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9 Metric characterizations of classes of Banach spaces |
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265 | (43) |
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265 | (1) |
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9.2 Proof of the Ribe theorem through Bourgain's discretization theorem |
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266 | (21) |
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9.2.1 Proving Bourgain's discretization theorem. Preliminary step: it suffices to consider spaces with differentiable norm |
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268 | (1) |
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9.2.2 First step: picking the system of coordinates |
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269 | (2) |
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9.2.3 Second step: construction of a Lipschitz almost-extension |
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271 | (5) |
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9.2.4 Third step: further smoothing of the map using Poisson kernels |
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276 | (7) |
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9.2.5 Poisson kernel estimates and proofs of Lemmas 9.14 and 9.15 |
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283 | (4) |
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9.3 Test-space characterizations |
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287 | (15) |
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9.3.1 More Banach space theory: superreflexivity |
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289 | (8) |
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9.3.2 Characterization of superreflexivity in terms of diamond graphs |
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297 | (5) |
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302 | (1) |
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303 | (4) |
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9.5.1 Another test-space characterization of superreflexivity: binary trees |
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305 | (1) |
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9.5.2 Further results on test-spaces |
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306 | (1) |
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9.5.3 Further results on the Ribe program |
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307 | (1) |
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9.5.4 Non-local properties |
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307 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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308 | (20) |
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10.1 Introductory remarks |
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308 | (1) |
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10.2 Lipschitz free spaces: definition and properties |
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308 | (4) |
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10.3 The case where dx is a graph distance |
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312 | (5) |
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10.4 Lipschitz free spaces of some finite metric spaces |
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317 | (9) |
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326 | (1) |
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326 | (1) |
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327 | (1) |
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328 | (7) |
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11.1 Embeddability of expanders into Banach spaces |
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328 | (2) |
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11.2 Obstacles for coarse embeddability of spaces with bounded geometry into a Hilbert space |
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330 | (2) |
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330 | (1) |
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331 | (1) |
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11.3 Embeddability of graphs with large girth |
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332 | (1) |
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11.4 Coarse embeddability of a Hilbert space into Banach spaces |
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333 | (2) |
Bibliography |
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335 | (26) |
Author index |
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361 | (6) |
Subject index |
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367 | |