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E-raamat: Modelling High-level Cognitive Processes

  • Formaat: 432 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-May-2013
  • Kirjastus: Psychology Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781135646813
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  • Formaat: 432 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-May-2013
  • Kirjastus: Psychology Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781135646813

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Aimed at both students and practitioners, this text explains the process of building computational models of high-level cognitive processes and systems. The COGENT software environment (downloadable off the Web) is used as both teaching tool and as research tool. After discussing foundational and background issues, six case studies from a range of cognitive domains are presented. Finally issues raised by the case studies are discussed. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

This book is a practical guide to building computational models of high-level cognitive processes and systems. High-level processes are those central cognitive processes involved in thinking, reasoning, planning, and so on. These processes appear to share representational and processing requirements, and it is for this reason that they are considered together in this text.

The book is divided into three parts. Part I considers foundational and background issues. Part II provides a series of case studies spanning a range of cognitive domains. Part III reflects upon issues raised by the case studies. Teachers of cognitive modeling may use material from Part I to structure lectures and practical sessions, with chapters in Part II forming the basis of in-depth student projects.

All models discussed in this book are developed within the COGENT environments. COGENT provides a graphical interface in which models may be sketched as "box and arrow" diagrams and is both a useful teaching tool and a productive research tool. As such, this book is designed to be of use to both students of cognitive modeling and active researchers. For students, the book provides essential background material plus an extensive set of example models, exercises and project material. Researchers of both symbolic and connectionist persuasions will find the book of interest for its approach to cognitive modeling, which emphasizes methodological issues. They will also find that the COGENT environment itself has much to offer.

Arvustused

"...the book is a helpful guide to computer modeling for both advanced undergraduate and beginning graduate students who would like to get their 'hands wet' and start modeling psychological phenomena on their own as well as for seasoned modelers who would like to try out a new modeling environment." Contemporary Psychology APA REVIEW OF BOOKS

Preface ix
I Background 1(76)
Modelling Cognition
3(28)
What is Cognitive Modelling?
3(1)
A Sample Model
4(1)
What Makes a Good Model?
5(1)
The Rise of Cognitive Modelling
6(1)
Modelling and Simulation
7(1)
The Role of Cognitive Modelling
8(2)
Further Benefits of Cognitive Modelling
10(1)
Some Objections to Cognitive Modelling
10(2)
Approaches to Cognitive Modelling
12(14)
Strategies for the Use of Simulation
26(1)
Closing Remarks
27(1)
Further Reading
28(3)
An Introduction to COGENT
31(46)
COGENT: Principal Features
31(8)
An Illustrative Task: Free Recall
39(2)
Getting Started
41(1)
Specifying Basic Experimenter Functions
42(7)
The Modal Model in COGENT
49(9)
Representation and Variable Binding
58(6)
Augmenting the Experiment Environment
64(9)
Extending the Modal Model
73(2)
Further Reading
75(2)
II Modelling in Specific Domains 77(286)
Overview
79(4)
Arithmetic: A Cognitive Skill
83(38)
Cognitive Skills
83(1)
Multicolumn Addition
84(20)
Multicolumn Subtraction
104(10)
General Discussion
114(2)
Further Reading
116(1)
Appendix: Rules for Execute Action
117(4)
Problem Solving
121(44)
The Psychology of Problem Solving
121(9)
The Missionaries and Cannibals Problem
130(16)
The Tower of Hanoi
146(15)
Toward a General Problem Solver
161(1)
Further Reading
162(3)
Deductive Reasoning
165(58)
Introduction
165(1)
Basic Effects in Human Deductive Reasoning
166(4)
Syllogistic Reasoning with Mental Models
170(3)
Building a Mental Model
173(13)
Revising a Mental Model
186(14)
Project: Reasoning as Problem Solving
200(1)
Syllogistic Reasoning with Euler Circles
201(16)
General Discussion
217(4)
Further Reading
221(2)
Decision Making
223(48)
The Psychology of Decision Making
223(3)
Medical Diagnosis
226(23)
Incorporating Cue Selection
249(13)
Medical Diagnosis by Hypothesis Testing
262(6)
Taking Stock
268(1)
Further Reading
268(3)
Sentence Processing
271(42)
Background
271(7)
A First Model
278(11)
Towards Incremental Interpretation
289(6)
Serial Parsing
295(15)
Alternative Approaches to Sentence Processing
310(1)
Further Reading
311(2)
Executive Processes
313(50)
The Domain of Executive Processes
313(1)
Basic Psychological Findings
314(6)
A Framework
320(3)
Modelling the Supervisory Attentional System
323(26)
Monitoring and the Six Element Test
349(11)
Alternative Views of Executive Processes
360(1)
Summary
361(1)
Further Reading
362(1)
III Reflections 363(24)
Reflections
365(22)
An Assessment of Progress
365(1)
Emergent Issues
366(7)
Methodologies for Modelling
373(5)
Issues for COGENT
378(6)
An Agenda
384(2)
Closing Remarks
386(1)
Bibliography 387(16)
Name Index 403(6)
Subject Index 409


Richard P. Cooper With Contributi, Peter G. Yule, John Fox, David W. Glasspool, Richard P. Cooper