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E-raamat: Modern Concepts In Angiogenesis

Edited by (Cardium Therapeutics, Inc., Usa), Edited by (Yale Sch Of Medicine, Usa)
  • Formaat: 452 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 26-Jul-2007
  • Kirjastus: Imperial College Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781908979346
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Modern Concepts In AngiogenesisSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 452 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 26-Jul-2007
  • Kirjastus: Imperial College Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781908979346
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This volume addresses current emerging concepts in the field of angiogenesis, including important angiogenesis modifiers which are essential in combination with growth factors (VEGF and FGF) for the physiological process and also for therapeutic applications. It covers many of the lesser discussed areas including blood vessel growth guidance (interactions with CNS) as well as emerging practical applications of these concepts.The book comprises in-depth reviews by leading experts in several major areas: recent basic science discoveries about angiogenesis modifiers (semaphorins, ephrins and nitric oxide, for which the Nobel Prize was awarded); arterial guidance; clinical applications of new angiogenic factors (HGF HIF and NOS); and basic and clinical advancement of anti-angiogenic molecules for the treatment of cancer and macular degeneration (tyrosine kinase inhibitors, endostatin and NO). These topics, especially their unique combination presented in this volume, are not found in any other current books on angiogenesis. This makes the book a must-read for readers both interested and actively involved in the most recent advances in basic principles and clinical applications of angiogenesis.
Contributors xiii
Preface xix
I Components of Angiogenic Cascades
Chapter
1. Semaphorins, Plexins and Neuropilins and Their Role in Vasculogenesis and Angiogenesis
1
Gera Neufeld, Niva Shraga-Heled, Tali Lange and Ofra Kessler
1. Introduction and Historical Perspective
1
2. The Semaphorins
3
3. The Plexin Receptor Family
4
4. The Neuropilins
6
5. Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors and Their Receptors
8
6. Signal Transduction by Neuropilins
11
7. The Role of the Neuropilins in the Regulation of Vasculogenesis and Angiogenesis
14
8. Modulation of Angiogenesis by Semaphorins that Bind Directly to Plexins
17
Acknowledgments
17
References
17
Chapter
2. EPH Receptors and Ephrins
27
Elena B. Pasquale
1. Introduction
27
2. Effects on Vascular Cell Behavior and Signaling Pathways
32
3. Endothelial Cell Fate
42
4. Angiogenic Remodeling of Embryonic Blood Vessels
43
5. Lymphatic Vessels
49
6. Adult Vasculature
50
7. Targeting Eph Receptor-Ephrin Interactions to Modulate Angiogenesis
58
8. Perspectives
59
Acknowledgments
60
References
60
Chapter
3. The FGF Family of Angiogenic Growth Factors
67
Patrick Auguste and Andreas Bikfalvi
1. Introduction
67
2. Molecular Mechanisms
68
3. Role in Vascular Development
73
4. FGFs in Tumor Angiogenesis
75
5. Role of FGFs in Developmental and Tumor Lymphangiogenesis
78
6. Role in Repair-Associated Angiogenesis and Ischemia Revascularization
78
7. Conclusion
80
Acknowledgments
81
References
81
Chapter
4. Neuropeptide Y: Neurogenic Mediator of Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis
91
Joanna B. Kitlinska and Zofia Zukowska
1. The NPY System
91
2. NPY as a Growth Factor for Vascular Cells
93
3. DPPIV: A Molecular Switch of the NPY Angiogenic System
97
4. Downstream Mediators of NPY Actions
98
5. NPY in Revascularization of Ischemic Tissues
99
6. NPY in Wound Healing
101
7. NPY in Adipose Tissue Growth and Obesity
102
8. NPY in Retinopathy
103
9. NPY-Induced Angiogenesis in Angioplasty-Induced Neointima and Atherogenesis
105
10. NPY in Tumor Angiogenesis
105
11. NPY-Mediated Angiogenesis and Neurogenesis
109
References
111
Chapter
5. Modulation of Growth Factor Signaling by Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans
119
Nicholas W. Shworak
1. Introduction
119
2. Historical Perspective
121
3. The Structure, Synthesis, and Post-Synthetic Modification of HSPGs
123
4. Evolution of HSPGs
129
5. HSPGs in Development
131
6. HSPG Modulation of Ligand-Receptor Interactions
133
7. HSPGs Enable Global Control of EC Phenotype
139
8. Future Therapeutic Directions
139
9. Conclusions
140
References
141
II Angiogenic Regulators
Chapter
6. Directional Cues in Angiogenesis
147
Arie Horowitz
1. Introduction: Blood Vessels and Nerves Use Similar Guidance Cues
147
2. Semaphorin Signaling
148
3. Ephrins and Eph Signaling
156
4. Netrin and Slit Signaling
163
5. Open Questions
165
References
166
Chapter
7. Regulation of Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1
175
Gregg L. Semenza
1. Oxygen Homeostasis: Phylogeny, Ontogeny, Physiology, and Pathobiology
175
2. Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1: Master Regulator of O2 Homeostasis
178
3. Control of Angiogenic Growth Factor and Cytokine Production by HIF-1
184
4. Cell-Autonomous Effects of HIF-1 in Vascular Endothelial Cells
185
5. Control of Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis by HIF-1
186
6. Control of Tumor Angiogenesis by HIF-1
198
References
204
Chapter
8. Redox State and Regulation of Angiogenic Responses
217
Masuko Ushio-Fukai and R. Wayne Alexander
1. Introduction
217
2. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in the Vasculature
218
3. ROS and Angiogenesis
219
4. NAD(P)H Oxidase: A Major Source of ROS in the Vasculature
222
5. Role of NAD(P)H Oxidase in Angiogenesis
225
6. ROS as Signaling Molecules in Angiogenesis
229
7. Angiogenesis-Dependent Transcription Factors and Genes Regulated by ROS
233
8. Conclusion
235
References
235
Chapter
9. Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis in Cardiac Hypertrophy
253
Robert J. Tomanek and Eduard I. Dedkov
1. Introduction
253
2. Assessing Coronary Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis
254
3. Pressure Overload-Induced Hypertrophy
254
4. Volume Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy
258
5. Thyroxine-Induced Hypertrophy
260
6. Hypoxia-Induced Hypertrophy
261
7. Exercise-Induced Hypertrophy
263
8. Myocardial Infarction-Induced Hypertrophy
264
9. Modulators of Angiogenesis During Hypertrophy
267
10. Stimuli of Angiogenesis During Hypertrophy
269
11. Summary
271
References
272
Chapter
10. Regulation of Coronary Vascular Tone and Microvascular Physiology
281
Basel Ramlawi, Munir Boodhwani and Frank W. Sellke
1. Introduction
281
2. Coronary Resistance
283
3. Regulation of Coronary Microvascular Tone
285
4. Endothelial Factors in Vascular Growth and Response to Injury
300
5. Impact of Disease States on Coronary Circulation
301
6. The Coronary Microcirculation in Hypertophic States
305
7. Summary
306
References
307
III Clinical Applications
Chapter
11. Kinase Inhibitors: Cancer Drugs Derived from Mechanistic Considerations
313
Karl-Heinz Thierauch and Andreas Chlistalla
1. Kinase Inhibition and Tumor Angiogenesis
313
2. Major Angiogenesis Factors and Receptors
314
3. Further Angiogenesis-Related Signaling
315
4. Need for Selectivity of Anti-Angiogenic Kinase Inhibitors
315
5. Kinase Inhibitors in Clinical Development
316
6. Challenges and Future Directions
332
Acknowledgments
335
References
335
Chapter
12. Therapeutic Angiogenesis — An Overview
343
Masahiro Murakami and Michael Simons
1. Introduction
343
2. Concepts and Rationales
344
3. Strategy
346
4. Clinical Trials
348
5. Issues Regarding Current Strategy
352
6. Emerging Concepts of Therapeutic Angiogenesis
358
7. Future Prospective
361
8. Summary
363
References
363
Chapter
13. Hepatocyte Growth Factor
367
Ryuichi Morishita and Toshio Ogihara
1. Hepatocyte Growth Factor in Cardiovascular System
367
2. HGF Signaling in Endothelial Cells
368
3. Angiogenic Therapy for Ischemic Peripheral Arterial Diseases
370
4. Clinical Trial in PAD
371
5. HGF Gene Therapy for Myocardial Ischemia
375
6. HGF Gene Therapy for Restenosis After Angioplasty
377
7. Next Five Years Perspective — Future Direction of HGF Therapy
378
Acknowledgments
379
References
380
Chapter
14. Role of Nitric Oxide in Adult Angiogenesis: Therapeutic Potential of Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene Transfer
385
Gabor M. Rubanyi
1. Endothelial Nitric Oxide in Health and Disease
385
2. Nitric Oxide and Angiogenesis
389
3. NOS Gene Transfer
393
4. Therapeutic Angiogenesis with NOS-III Gene Transfer for Critical Limb Ischemia
395
5. Potential Therapeutic Utility of NOS-III Gene Transfer in the Heart
407
6. Conclusions
410
Acknowledgments
411
References
411
Index 423


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