Muutke küpsiste eelistusi

E-raamat: Molecular Microbial Diagnostic Methods: Pathways to Implementation for the Food and Water Industries

Edited by (Microbiologist, Fera Science Ltd., York, United Kingdom), Edited by (Chief Scientist, ALcontrol Laboratories, South Yorkshire, United Kingdom), Edited by (Research Scientist, Fera Science Ltd., York, United Kingdom)
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 06-Oct-2015
  • Kirjastus: Academic Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780124171701
  • Formaat - EPUB+DRM
  • Hind: 124,22 €*
  • * hind on lõplik, st. muud allahindlused enam ei rakendu
  • Lisa ostukorvi
  • Lisa soovinimekirja
  • See e-raamat on mõeldud ainult isiklikuks kasutamiseks. E-raamatuid ei saa tagastada.
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 06-Oct-2015
  • Kirjastus: Academic Press Inc
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780124171701

DRM piirangud

  • Kopeerimine (copy/paste):

    ei ole lubatud

  • Printimine:

    ei ole lubatud

  • Kasutamine:

    Digitaalõiguste kaitse (DRM)
    Kirjastus on väljastanud selle e-raamatu krüpteeritud kujul, mis tähendab, et selle lugemiseks peate installeerima spetsiaalse tarkvara. Samuti peate looma endale  Adobe ID Rohkem infot siin. E-raamatut saab lugeda 1 kasutaja ning alla laadida kuni 6'de seadmesse (kõik autoriseeritud sama Adobe ID-ga).

    Vajalik tarkvara
    Mobiilsetes seadmetes (telefon või tahvelarvuti) lugemiseks peate installeerima selle tasuta rakenduse: PocketBook Reader (iOS / Android)

    PC või Mac seadmes lugemiseks peate installima Adobe Digital Editionsi (Seeon tasuta rakendus spetsiaalselt e-raamatute lugemiseks. Seda ei tohi segamini ajada Adober Reader'iga, mis tõenäoliselt on juba teie arvutisse installeeritud )

    Seda e-raamatut ei saa lugeda Amazon Kindle's. 

Molecular Microbial Diagnostic Methods: Pathways to Implementation in the Food and Water Industries attempts to address the shortage of guidance on implementation of molecular-based methods for routine diagnostic laboratories.

The book uncovers industry needs for the use of molecular methods by providing a brief history of water and food analysis and the pathogens of concern. It also describes the potential impact of current and cutting-edge molecular methods. It discusses the advantages of the implementation of molecular methods, describes information on when and how to use specific methods, and presents why one should utilize them for pathogen detection in the routine laboratory.

The reference material in the book is also pertinent for anyone carrying out microbiological analysis at the research level and covers a wide spectrum of classical and cutting-edge methods.

  • Includes information on how to implement molecular methods for routine monitoring in food and water laboratories
  • Discusses the importance of validation of molecular methods as alternatives to existing standard methods
  • Attempts to highlight potential issues with respect to successful implementation of these methods

Muu info

This book is intended to address the shortage of guidance on implementation of molecular-based methods for routine diagnostic laboratories. There has been a large number of "leading edge" potential techniques (mainly involving molecular biology) developed recently, many of which have a high potential for implementation, but this potential is not being fulfilled. Molecular Microbial Diagnostic Methods: Pathways to Implementation in the Food and Water Industries will bring clarification and encourage progress towards implementation of robust and sustainable molecular-based methods for food and water, with emphasis on microbial detection and identification.
Contributors xi
Preface xiii
Chapter 1 Food Industry Current Status
1(18)
Introduction
1(2)
Molecular Methods Currently Used
3(5)
PCR
5(1)
Isothermal Techniques
6(1)
Sequencing
6(1)
Microarrays
6(1)
Restriction Enzyme-Based Methods
7(1)
Ribotyping
7(1)
Laboratory Automation in Molecular Methods
8(1)
Challenges
8(2)
Sample Preparation
8(1)
Limit of Detection
9(1)
Live Versus Dead/Infectious Versus Noninfectious
9(1)
Interpretation of Results (PCR+/Culture-)
10(1)
Acceptance of Use by the Food Industry
10(5)
Compliance with Current Legal Requirements
15(1)
Disclaimer
16(1)
References
17(2)
Chapter 2 Future Directions for Molecular Microbial Diagnostic Methods for the Food Industry
19(20)
Introduction
19(1)
Evolution of Food Microbiology Diagnostics: From Petri Dishes to PCR
20(2)
Why Introduce an Alternative Molecular Diagnostic Method?
22(1)
Time to Final Result
22(1)
Discrimination Capacity
22(1)
Absence of Reference or Adequate Methods
23(1)
Characteristics of an Ideal Food Molecular Method
23(5)
Past and Current Challenges
28(3)
Past Challenges
28(1)
Assessment of the Results and Use of Controls
29(1)
Preamplification Treatment of the Food Samples
30(1)
Capacity for Quantification
30(1)
Determination of Viable Forms of Bacterial Pathogens or Infectious Viral Particles
31(1)
Current Challenges
31(3)
Simultaneous Detection of Several Foodborne Pathogens
31(1)
Harmonization in the Design and Development of a Novel Methodology, and Standardization
32(2)
Concluding Remarks
34(1)
References
34(5)
Chapter 3 Current Status of Molecular Microbiological Techniques for the Analysis of Drinking Water
39(20)
Introduction and Overview
39(2)
The Current State of Play
41(1)
The Influence of Standard and Reference Methods
42(1)
Molecular Techniques for Testing Potable Water Quality
42(12)
Nucleic Acid Amplification Based Methods
42(7)
Cytometry Methods
49(3)
Other Molecular Techniques
52(2)
Application of Molecular Techniques to Wastewater
54(1)
Conclusions
54(1)
References
55(4)
Chapter 4 What is Now Required for Water?
59(20)
Introduction and Overview
59(1)
Indicator Organisms
60(4)
Pathogens in Drinking Water
64(5)
Protozoa
64(2)
Bacterial Enteric Pathogens
66(1)
Bacterial Respiratory Pathogens
66(3)
Viruses
69(1)
Total Heterotrophic Bacteria
69(1)
Feasibility of the Use of Routine Rapid Water Molecular Methods
70(1)
Future Predictions
71(1)
Conclusions
72(1)
References
73(6)
Chapter 5 CEN/ISO Standards for Both Culture and Molecular Methods
79(28)
Introduction
79(1)
Standards, Standardization Bodies, and Structures in the Microbiology of the Food Chain
80(7)
Definition of the Term "Standard"
80(2)
Standardization Bodies at International and European Levels
82(1)
Standardization Structures in Microbiology of the Food Chain
83(4)
Standards Developed in the Microbiology of the Food Chain
87(10)
Standard Reference Methods
87(10)
Status of Novel Technologies
97(7)
Chromogenic Media
97(1)
Molecular Biology Techniques
98(6)
Conclusions
104(1)
References
105(2)
Chapter 6 Laboratory Validation, Verification, and Accreditation of Molecular Methods
107(28)
Alternative Methods
107(1)
Foundations of an Accredited Laboratory
108(5)
Expertise: Staff Qualifications and Experience
108(1)
Facilities
109(1)
Equipment
110(2)
Suppliers
112(1)
Quality Systems
113(6)
Local Quality System
114(2)
Method Quality
116(3)
Cornerstones of Accreditation
119(10)
Validation
119(2)
Verification
121(6)
Reference Standards/Reference Material
127(1)
Proficiency Testing
128(1)
Maintaining Accreditation
129(2)
Improvement
129(1)
Re-verification of the Method
130(1)
Internal Auditing
130(1)
Following Documented Procedures
130(1)
Customer Education
131(1)
Performance Characteristics
131(1)
Sampling Requirements
131(1)
Results Interpretation
131(1)
Turnaround Time
131(1)
Accreditations
132(1)
Health and Safety
132(1)
References
133(2)
Chapter 7 DNA Extraction: Finding the Most Suitable Method
135(20)
Boiling Method
136(3)
Column Extraction
139(2)
Magnetic Beads
141(3)
FTA™ Cards
144(3)
RNA Extraction Methods
147(1)
Conclusions
148(3)
References
151(4)
Chapter 8 Assessing Organism Viability and Interpreting Genomic Unit Versus Colony Forming Unit Data for Water and Food Borne Microorganisms, such as Legionella, Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Listeria
155(30)
Introduction
155(2)
Polymerase Chain Reaction
157(2)
Assessing Microbial Viability
159(5)
Dead or Alive?
159(2)
Viable but Nonculturable Cells (VBNC)
161(2)
The Importance of Detecting VBNC in Food and Water Samples
163(1)
Overcoming the Viability Hurdle
164(6)
Pre-PCR Enrichment
164(1)
Photoactivatable Chemical Compounds
165(2)
Differential Stains
167(2)
Immuno-Capture PCR Techniques
169(1)
Reverse-Transcription PCR Methods
169(1)
When to Use Viability Discrimination
170(1)
Standardization and Quality Assurance
171(3)
Method Validation/Verification and Interpretation of Results
171(3)
Proficiency Testing
174(1)
Conclusions
175(1)
References
175(10)
Chapter 9 MALDI-TOF MS: A Rapid Microbiological Confirmation Technique for Food and Water Analysis
185(36)
Introduction and Overview
185(8)
History and Basis of MALDI-TOF MS and Microbiology
185(3)
MALDI-TOF MS for Quick and Reliable Food and Water Analysis
188(1)
MALDI-TOF MS and Food Quality Control
189(2)
Utilization in Breweries and the Beverage Industry
191(1)
Utilization for Monitoring Water in Buildings
191(1)
Utilization for Monitoring Other Waters
192(1)
Current Confirmation Methods and Advantages of MALDI-TOF MS
193(3)
Overview of Current Confirmation Methods
193(3)
Conclusions
196(1)
MALDI-TOF MS Listeria Speciation Validation
196(19)
Introduction
196(1)
Validation Project Outline
197(4)
Phase 1
201(3)
Phase 2
204(8)
Phase 3
212(1)
Discussion on the Mismatches
213(1)
Conclusions and Future Prospects
214(1)
References
215(6)
Chapter 10
Chapter Highlights, Future Requirements, and Conclusions
221(22)
Chapter Highlights
221(10)
Chapter 1 Food Industry Current Status
221(1)
Chapter 2 Future Directions for Molecular Microbial Diagnostic Methods for the Food Industry
222(1)
Chapter 3 Current Status of Molecular Microbiological Techniques for the Analysis of Drinking Water
223(1)
Chapter 4 What is now Required for Water?
224(2)
Chapter 5 CEN/ISO Standards for Both Culture and Molecular Methods
226(1)
Chapter 6 Laboratory Validation, Verification, and Accreditation of Molecular Methods
227(1)
Chapter 7 DNA Extraction: Finding the Most Suitable Method
228(1)
Chapter 8 Assessing Organism Viability and Interpreting Genomic Unit Versus Colony Forming Unit Data for Water and Food Borne Microorganisms such as Legionella, Campylobacter, Salmonella, and Listeria
229(1)
Chapter 9 MALDI-TOF MS: A Rapid Microbiological Confirmation Technique for Food and Water Analysis
229(2)
Future Requirements and Conclusions
231(10)
Fit for Purpose Analysis Improvements
231(2)
ISO/IEC 17025 Accreditation Improvements
233(1)
Sampling Protocol Improvements
234(1)
Sample Preservation, Preparation, and Bacterial Resuscitation Improvements
235(1)
Method Validation Protocol Improvements
235(2)
Proficiency Testing Improvements
237(2)
Microbial Reference Materials Improvements
239(1)
Key New Areas
239(2)
References
241(2)
Index 243
Dr. Nigel Cook is Senior microbiologist at The Food and Environment Research Agency (FERA) in the UK. He specializes in integrated monitoring and control of foodborne viruses in European Food Supply Chains. Martin DAgostino has worked for Fera Science Ltd, formerly the Food and Environment Research Agency (Fera) since 1994. His microbiological career began with Kennerty Farm Dairies in Aberdeen (now Robert Wisemans) as a laboratory assistant, until he joined what was the Torry Food Science Laboratory (Central Science Laboratory, MAFF) in 1994, now named the Food and Environment Research Agency as part of Defra. He has been involved in EU Framework 5, 6 and 7 projects dealing with such areas as Food PCR, Surveillance of Adenovirus and Norovirus in European Bathing waters and more recently has assisted in the coordination of the FP7 project entitled Integrated monitoring and Control of Foodborne Viruses in European Food Supply Chains” (www.eurovital.org). This has resulted in the accumulation of many European and worldwide contacts from both Academia and Industry related to both food and environmental microbiology. Martin has experience of chairing and presenting scientific talks at international scientific meetings and has been an author in at least 25 peer reviewed articles including journal manuscripts, several reviews and book chapters and is an editor of a book, related to the detection and implementation of rapid methods for foodborne and environmental human pathogens. Dr. K. Clive Thompson is Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry; Fellow of the Institute of Food Science & Technology; Fellow of the Royal Society of Public Health; Member of the Water Management Society; Member of the American Chemical Society; Member of the American Society for Microbiology; Fellow of the Chartered Institute of Water and Environmental Management; Member of Board of Trustees of Society of Chemical Industry; Society of Chemical Industry (SCI) Environmental Medal (2003); Member of AOAC; Member of the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry; Distinguished Service Certificate, British Standards in appreciation of long and valued contributions to the development of British, European and International Standards; and Visiting Professor at Brunel University.He is currently Chief Scientist at ALcontrol Laboratories UK, which analyses a very wide range of samples including food, drinking water, process waters, and effluents for both chemical and microbiological parameters. It has eight laboratories in the UK and is one of the largest contract contaminated land analysis / water analysis / food analysis laboratory organisations in Europe. Dr Thompson previously worked for Yorkshire water and Severn Trent Water. He is a member of many national and international standardisation committees and has published more than 40 peer-reviewed papers and co-edited a significant number of books.