This volume is the latest of the Kirchberg-Proceedings. The previous 11 International Winterschools on Electronic Properties of Novel Materials, all held in Kirchberg, Austria, were devoted to conducting polymers, high temperature superconductors, fullerenes, and carbon nanotubes. Fullerenes and nanotubes are still in the center of interest, but the topic of the school and the proceedings is molecular nanostructures in general. The organizers have attempted to treat carbon nanostructures as a special case of molecular nanostructures, which also include silicon clusters, gold clusters, vanadium oxide tubes, and many others. The Winterschool provides a platform for reviewing and discussing new developments in the field of molecular nanostructures and their applications. Materials discussed include fullerenes, fullerene-derived structures, carbonaceous nanotubes, non-carbonaceous nanotubes, layer by layer systems, molecular clusters, new phases of carbon, endohedral compounds and related materials. The book aims to give an overview of the current status of fullerenes, carbon-nanotubes and related molecular nanostructures. The majority of the contributions present the latest results of experiments and calculations conducted in the field. However, about a dozen contain some degree of instructional material which even newcomers will benefit from.
Preface vii MOLECULAR NANOSTRUCTURES 3(52) New Materials in the Nanoscale from Fullerenes, Silicon Clusters and Biomolecules 3(11) W. Andreoni Nucleation and Growth of Diamond Crystals Inside Carbon Onions 14(5) F. Banhart P.M. Ajayan Ph. Redlich Computations of Metal-Coated Fullerenes: C(60)Be(n) 19(4) Z. Slanina F. Uhlik L. Adamowicz E. Osawa Self-Organization of Fullerenes from Solution to Clathrate 23(5) D. Mihailovic A. Mrzel A. Hassanien Fractal Fullerene Structures in Solutions 28(5) A. V. Eletskii M. V. Okun B.M. Smirnov Metallic-Covalent Bonding Conversion in Boron-Based and Aluminum-Based Icosahedral Clusters and Cluster Solids 33(6) K. Kimura Study of the Growth Mechanism of Carbon Clusters by Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy 39(4) M. Kohno T. Moriwaki S. Suzuki H. Shiromaru Y. Achiba Silicon Clusters in Solids and Novel Redox-Active Templated Materials 43(4) R. Nesper NMR Studies of Si(46) Superconductors 47(8) Y. Maniwa H. Sakamoto H. Shimizu H. Kawaji S. Yamanaka CHEMISTRY 55(88) Chemical Faraday Cages: The Inert Inner Surfaces of Strongly Bent sp^2-Carbon Networks and Fullerenes 55(6) A. Hirsch H. Mauser T. Clark A Systematic Entry to Regular Multifunctionalization of the (60)-Fullerene 61(7) B. Krautler Organic Chemistry of C(60): Synthesis and Applications 68(5) T. da Ros M. Prato M. Maggini G. Scorrano On the Structures and Properties of Heterofullerene Salts 73(8) K. Kordatos C.M. Brown K. Prassides C. Bellavia-Lund P. de la Cruz F. Wudl J.D. Thompson A.N. Fitch Recent Progress in the Theoretical Approach to Azafullerenes 81(5) A. Curioni W. Andreoni The Electronic Structure of C(59)N and its A(x)C(59)N (A=K,Rb,Cs) Salts from High Energy Spectroscopy 86(6) M.S. Golden T. Pichler M. Knupfer R. Friedlein S. Haffner J. Fink W. Andreoni A. Curioni M. Keshavarz-K C. Bellavia-Lund A. Sastre J.-C. Hummelen F. Wudl Pulse ESR of Triplet States of the Fullerene Dimers (C(60)-Morpholine)(2) and (C(59)N)(2) 92(4) S. Knorr A. Grupp M. Mehring B. Nuber G. Schick A. Hirsch The C(60)-C(60)O System: A Source of New Fullerene Derivatives 96(5) A. Gromov S. Ballenweg W. Kratschmer S. Giesa S. Lebedkin Raman and Infrared Signatures of C(120)O: Experiments and Theoretical Predictions 101(5) M. Krause L. Dunsch G. Seifert A. Ayuela A. Gromov W. Kratschmer R. Gutierrez D. Porezag Th. Frauenheim Characterization of the Fullerene Derivative C(119) 106(4) A. Gromov S. Ballenweg S. Giesa W. Kratschmer S. Lebedkin W.E. Hull C-F Bond Dissociation Enthalpy of Fluorofullerenes and Their Anions 110(4) O.V. Boltalina D.B. Ponomarev L.N. Sidorov X-Ray Diffraction Study of Fluorofullerenes: Effect of Fluorine Content 114(4) O.V. Boltalina I. Goldt T. Zatsepin F.M. Spiridonov S.I. Troyanov L.N. Sidorov R. Taylor Ruthenium(II)/C(60) Based Donor-Bridge-Acceptor Dyad: Photoinduced Electron and Energy Transfer 118(6) D.M. Guldi M. Maggini S. Mondini G. Scorrano M. Prato F. Paolucci P. Ceroni S. Roffia Langmuir Films of Mono-, Di-, and Tetra-n-Octyl Adduct of C(60) at the Water-Air Interface 124(4) K. Noworyta P. Kuran R. Bilewicz L. Dunsch W. Kutner The Optoelectronic Porperties of Fullerene -- Conjugated Polymer -- Conventional Polymer Guest-Host Systems 128(4) C.J. Brabec N.S. Sariciftci W. Graupner G. Leising F. Wudl A.J. Heeger Fullerene Core Star Polymers 132(4) S. Delpeux N. Manolova I. Rashkov F. Beguin Is there a Fullerene Future? 136(7) R. Taylor C(60), C(70), C(84), .... , ONIONS 143(30) Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Fullerene Formation 143(4) I. Laszlo Reaction Coordinate Analysis on the Excited Potential Surfaces of Fullerenes 147(4) P.R. Surjan M. Kallay G. Domotor L. Stacho M.I. Ban Orientational Flip of C(60) Molecules on Metals Determined by XPD 151(4) A. Santaniello R.G. Agostino P. Aebi R. Fasel Thermally Modulated Optical Response of C(60) Thin Films in the Region of Absorption Edge 155(4) B. Handlirova J. Humlicek L. Bocanek T. Nguyen Manh H. Sitter Surface Effects on the Electronic Structure of Solid C(60) 159(4) L. Udvardi C(60)/C(70) Alloys -- A Model System for the Orientational Glass? 163(4) D. Havlik W. Schranz M. Haluska J. Winter H. Kuzmany Excitation of Plasmons of Carbon Onions by Penetrating High Energy Electrons 167(6) T. Stockli Z.L. Wang J.-M. Bonard W.A. de Heer J.-P. Salvetat P. Stadelmann A. Chatelain ENDOHEDRALS 173(56) Production and Investigation of NC(60) 173(3) A. Weidinger B. Pietzak M. Waiblinger T. Almeida Murphy Carbon Nitride Films from Nitrogen Bombardment of C(60) 176(4) B. Pietzak M. Waiblinger M. Gossla A. Weidinger H. Jantoljak C. Thomsen NC(60) as a Probe for Chemical Reactions on C(60) 180(4) B. Pietzak M. Waiblinger T. Almeida Murphy A. Weidinger M. Hohne E. Dietel A. Hirsch IR Spectroscopy and HPLC Separation of Endohedral LiC(60) 184(5) N. Krawez R. Tellgmann A. Gromov W. Kratschmer E.E.B. Campbell Electronic Structure of ScC(82) 189(4) J. Schulte M.C. Bohm K.-P. Dinse (13)C-NMR Structural Studies of Endohedral Metallofullerenes 193(5) T. Nakane Z. Xu E. Yamamoto T. Kai T. Tomiyama H. Shinohara Y. Kobayashi Preparation and Characterization of Endohedral Gadolinium Fullerene 198(5) P. Kuran L. Dunsch M. Krause A. Bartl The Vibrational Spectroscopy of MC(82) (M=La, Y): Raman, Far-Infrared, and Neutron Inelastic Scattering Results 203(4) S. Lebedkin B. Renker R. Heid H. Rietschel H. Schober Resonant Photoelectron Spectroscopy and XANES from Endohedral LaC(82) 207(4) B. Kessler S. Cramm C. Schlebusch W. Eberhardt S. Suzuki Y. Achiba F. Esch M. Barnaba D. Cocco The Electronic Structure of Tm()C(82) 211(5) T. Pichler M.S. Golden M. Knupfer J. Fink U. Kirbach P. Kuran L. Dunsch EPR Study of Topoisomers of LaC(82) and LaC(90) 216(4) P. Schweitzer K.-P. Dinse Pulse ESR Investigation of MC(82) (M=Sc, Y, La) 220(4) S. Knorr A. Grupp M. Mehring U. Kirbach A. Bartl L. Dunsch Vibration of Atomic Nitrogen Inside C(60) 224(5) A. Grupp B. Pietzak M. Waiblinger T. Almeida Murphy A. Weidinger E. Roduner FULLERENE SALTS 229(72) Correlation Effects in Doped C(60) Compounds 229(6) O. Gunnarsson E. Koch R.M. Martin F. Aryasetiawan Quantum Monte-Carlo Calculations for Integer-Doped Fullerides 235(4) E. Koch O. Gunnarsson R. Martin Synthesis of Multinary Fulleride Superconductors with Tunable Crystal Structure and Band Filling 239(6) Y. Iwasa H. Shimoda M. Kawaguchi Y. Miyamoto T. Mitani Y. Maniwa Electronic Transport in Single Crystal BaxC(60) Films Grown by Hot-Wall Epitaxy 245(4) T. Nguyen Manh H. Sitter D. Stifter Kinetics of C(60) Intercalation by Potassium 249(4) W. Kempinski L. Piekara-Sady J. Stankowski Distorted, Inequivalently-Charged C(60) Anions in Yb(2.75)C(60) 253(5) P.H. Citrin E. Ozdas S. Schuppler A.R. Kortan K.B. Lyons Jahn-Teller Distortion of Fullerenes in A(4)C(60) 258(4) G.M. Bendele C.A. Kuntscher P.W. Stephens ESR and NMR Studies on Li- and Na-Doped C(60) Compounds and Lithiated Carbon Nanotubes 262(4) S. Menu H. Gaucher J. Conard P. Lauginie A. Nozhov V.A. Nalimova Metallic Behavior of ABa(2)C(60) (A=K, Rb, Cs) Compounds 266(4) C. Goze K.-F. Thier M. Mehring F. Rachdi T. Yildirim J.E. Fischer NMR Studies of Sodium Fullerides 270(5) F. Rachdi L. Hajji T. Yildirim J.E. Fischer C. Goze M. Mehring Nuclear Spin Dynamics in the Model System (P(C(6)H(5))(4))(2)C(60)I 275(4) W. Schutz A. Schilder W. Bietsch B. Gotschy M. Schwoerer Mean-Field Treatment of a Microscopic Magnetic Model of TDAE-C(60): Influence of a Dzyaloshinski-Moriya Type Interaction 279(4) C. Schindelin High Field ESR and (1)H NMR in Powdered TDAE-C(70) 283(4) D. Arcon R. Blinc P. Cevc G. Chouteau Antiferromagnetic Resonance in TDAE-C(60) 287(4) R. Blinc D. Arcon P. Cevc A. Omerzu G. Chouteau DC and RF Superconductive Response in the Fullerene Based Magnet TDAE-C(60) 291(4) M. Ricco R. de Renzi M. Bisbiglia F. Bolzoni G. Ruani Microwave Conductivity of (TDAE)C(60) Reveals no Superconductivity 295(6) A. Schilder W. Schutz W. Bietsch B. Gotschy M. Schwoerer POLYMERS 301(74) Electronic Structure and Energetics of Polymerized Fullerenes and Fullerides 301(5) S. Saito Total Energy Calculations of Polyfulleride Ions 306(4) S. Pekker G. Oszlanyi G. Faigel Metal-Insulator Phase Transition in AC(60): A Question of Dimensionality? 310(5) M. Fally H. Kuzmany Stability of the Charged (C(60))(n)^n- Oligomers with Various Length 315(4) J. Kurti P. Rajczy Antiferromagnetic Resonance in Rb(1)C(60) 319(4) M. Bennati R.G. Griffin S. Knorr A. Grupp M. Mehring Structure and Dynamics of the RbC(60) Metastable Phases -- A NMR Investigation 323(5) K.-F. Thier M. Schwaderer M. Mehring F. Rachdi Role of Relative Orientation of Neighboring C(60) Chains in the Electronic Properties of the A(1)C(60) Polymers 328(5) V. Brouet H. Alloul A. Janossy L. Forro Electrical Transport, Thermoelectric, and Structural Measurements of Polymerized AC(60) (A=K,Rb) Under Zero and Applied Pressure 333(4) J. Hone K. Khazeni M. Muno V. Crespi J. Nguyen R. Jeanloz M.L. Cohen A. Zettl Polymeric Ground State of Na(2)RbC(60): Effect of Charge State on Bonding Geometry 337(6) G.M. Bendele P.W. Stephens K. Prassides K. Vavekis K. Kordatos K. Tanigaki Two-Dimensional Polymer Structure of Na(4)C(60) 343(5) G. Oszlanyi G. Faigel G. Baumgartner L. Forro Pressure Polymerized C(60) Single Crystals: First X-Ray Diffraction Results 348(5) P. Launois R. Moret P.-A. Persson B. Sundqvist Pressure and Charge Induced Polymerization of C(60): A Comparative Study of Lattice Vibrations 353(4) B. Renker R. Heid H. Schober Structural Analysis of Phototransformed C(60) by Vibrational Spectroscopy 357(4) B. Burger H. Kuzmany T.M. Nguyen H. Sitter M. Walter K. Martin K. Mullen Optical Investigation of Pressure Modified C(60) 361(4) M.E. Kozlov M. Tokumoto K. Yakushi High-Resolution Thermal Expansion of High-Pressure Polymerized and `Normal C(60) from 10K to 500K: Kinetics of Depolymerization 365(4) P. Nagel C. Meingast P.-A. Persson B. Sundqvist Doping of Rhombohedral Pressure Polymerized C(60) with Alkali Metals 369(6) C. Kugler J. Winter H. Kuzmany Y. Iwasa NANOTUBES 375(116) Controlled Production of Nanotubes Via Pyrolytic Techniques 375(6) M. Terrones N. Grobert J. Olivares K. Kordatos W.K. Hsu J.P. Hare P.D. Townsena K. Prassides H.W. Kroto D.R.M. Walton H. Terrones J.P. Zhang A.K. Cheetham The Electrochemical Formation of Nanowires 381(5) W.K. Hsu M. Terrones J.P. Hare N. Grobert H.W. Kroto D.R.M. Walton H. Terrones A.I. Kirkland Bundles of Carbon Single Wall Nanotubes: Production by the Arc Discharge Technique and Characterization 386(5) C. Journet W.K. Maser P. Bernier A. Loiseau M. Lamy de la Chapelle P. Deniard S. Lefrant R. Lee J.E. Fischer Investigation of the Growth Mechanism of Carbon Nanotubes Produced by the Catalytic Method 391(4) P. Piedigrosso A.G. Bosquillon A. Fonseca J. B. Nagy Characteristics of Catalytic Carbon Nanotubes: Their Evolution After Thermal and Chemical Modifications 395(4) H. Gaucher R. Pellenq S. Bonnamy F. Beguin V. Nalimova Y. Grillet Boron Nitride Nanotubes: Synthesis and Tip Characterization 399(6) F. Willaime A. Loiseau X. Deschanels N. Demoncy G. Hug C. Colliex H. Pascard They are Unique: The (10,10) Tube and Its Tip 405(5) A. Thess R.E. Smalley Purification of Carbon Nanotubes by Liquid-Phase Separation of a Kinetically Stable Colloidal Suspension 410(4) J.-M. Bonard J.-P. Salvetat T. Stora F. Maier T. Stockli L. Forro W.A. de Heer A. Chatelain Crystalline Ropes of Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes: Structure, Electronic Transport and Intercalation 414(5) J.E. Fischer R.S. Lee H.J. Kim A. Thess H. Dai R.E. Smalley Scanning Tunneling Microscopy of Carbon Nanotubes. Beyond the Image 419(4) L.P. Biro J.B. Nagy Ph. Lambin S. Lazarescu A. Fonseca P.A. Thiry A.A. Lucas STM Manipulation of Individual Carbon Nanotubes 423(4) S. Curran S. Roth D. L. Carroll Ph. Redlich M. Ruthle P.M. Ajayan Topological Defects on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: Dislocations, Burgers Vectors, Mobilities 427(4) P. Lauginie J. Conard Morphology and Electronic Structure of Doped Fullerene Nanostructures 431(4) P. Byszewski J. Radomska E. Mizera H. Lange A. Huczko Electronic Properties of Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes 435(4) P. Petit E. Jouguelet N. Parizel J.E. Fischer A. Thess R.E. Smalley Electronic Transport and Magnetic Properties of Carbon Nanotubes 439(4) A. Fujiwara F. Katayama K. Tomiyama H. Ootoshi H. Suematsu M. Yumura K. Uchida Magnetotransport in Bundles of K-Intercalated Helicoidal Carbon Nanotubes 443(4) M. Baxendale V.Z. Mordkovich S. Yoshimura R.P.H. Chang Vibrational Spectroscopy of Single Wall Carbon Nanotubes 447(4) B. Burger H. Kuzmany A. Thess R.E. Smalley Raman-Active Vibrational Modes in Pristine and Doped Carbon Nanotube Bundles 451(8) P.C. Eklund A.M. Rao Raman Spectroscopy on Carbon Nanotubes 459(4) H. Jantoljak C. Thomsen S. Curran S. Roth W. Maser C. Journet P. Bernier Raman Studies of Singlewalled Carbon Nanotubes Elaborated by the Electric Arc Discharge Technique 463(4) M. Lamy de la Chapelle S. Lefrant C. Journet W. Maser P. Bernier A. Loiseau Electronic Properties of Individual Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes: Transport and STM Results 467(5) C. Dekker S.J. Tans M.H. Devoret L.J. Geerligs R.J.A. Groeneveld L.C. Venema J.W.G. Wildoer A.R.M. Verschueren A. Bezryadin A. Thess H. Dai R.A. Smalley Quantum Transport in a Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube 472(5) L. Langer V. Bayot E. Grivei J.-P. Issi L. Stockman C. van Haesendonck Y. Bruynsereade J.P. Heremans C.H. Olk Boron-doped Nanotubes: Density of States from Tunneling Spectroscopy 477(5) D.L. Carroll P. Kinlen S. Raman Ph. Redlich M. Ruhle X. Blase J.-C. Charlier S. Curran S. Roth P.M. Ajayan Exceptionally High Youngs Modulus for Individual Carbon Nanotubes: Comparing Theory to Observations 482(9) E.G. Gamaly APPLICATIONS 491(50) Field Emission Stability of Single Carbon Nanotubes Tips and Carbon Nanotube Films 491(4) J.-M. Bonard F. Maier T. Stockli J.-P. Salvetat L. Forro W.A. de Heer A. Chatelain Synthesis, Characterization and Properties of Catalytically Grown Graphite Nanostructures 495(5) N.M. Rodriguez Synthesis of Amorphous Carbon and Nanocrystalline Diamond by Fullerene Plasma Deposition 500(6) H.-G. Busmann U. Brauneck H.-W. David S. Dieckhoff S. Boseck Structure and Properties of 3D-Polymerized C(60): Comparison with Diamond and C(70) 506(5) V.D. Blank S.G. Buga G.A. Dubitsky N.R. Serebryanaya S.N. Sulyanov M.Yu. Popov Unoccupied Density of States of Commercially Used Organic Photoreceptors Doped with C(60) 511(4) C. Schlebusch J. Morenzin B. Kessler S. Cramm W. Eberhardt M. Biermann M. Lutz Self-Assembly of Fullerene Monolayers for Optoelectronic Applications 515(4) C. Kallinger A. Haugeneder U. Lemmer J. Feldmann H. Hong M. Tarabia D. Davidov E. Harth M. Walter U. Scherf A. Gugel K. Mullen Molecular Engineering of Sol-Gel Materials Containing Fullerence for Optical Limiting 519(5) S. Signorini M. Meneghetti R. Bozio M. Maggini G. Scorrano M. Prato G. Brusatin M. Guglielmi C(60) Aggregates and Nanoscale Carbon Particles 524(4) K. Suzuki J.S. Ahn Y. Iwasa A.Q. He N. Ootuka T. Mitani Fullerenes in Membranes -- Structural and Dynamical Effects of Lipophilic C(60) Derivatives in Phospholipid Bilayers 528(5) M. Hetzer S. Bayerl T.M. Bayerl X. Camps O. Vostrovsky A. Hirsch Magnetic Resonance of Amorphous Carbon Thin Films 533(4) D. Arcon P. Cevc R. Blinc I. Pocsik M. Koos Z. Trontelj Z. Jaglicic Synchrotron Irradiation of Fullerenes Used for a Pure-Carbon Lithography 537(4) H. Kramer R. Baumann J. Bargon J. Hormes H. Zumaque-Diaz G.A. Kohring Author Index 541
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