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1 Why Another Book About Money? |
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1 | (26) |
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1.1 From Bands of Hunter-Gatherers to Farmers |
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2 | (2) |
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1.2 The Need to Invent a Numeraire: The Functional Limits of Barter Exchange |
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4 | (3) |
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1.3 Overcoming Brain Limitations |
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7 | (2) |
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1.4 Misunderstandings Run Deep |
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9 | (4) |
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13 | (5) |
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1.6 The Desire to Hold onto Something Solid |
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18 | (3) |
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1.7 What to Expect in Chapters to Come |
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21 | (4) |
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25 | (2) |
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2 Imagine a World Without Money |
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27 | (14) |
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2.1 A Scene from Downtown Modelville |
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27 | (3) |
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30 | (5) |
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35 | (6) |
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3 A Brief History of Money |
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41 | (28) |
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41 | (2) |
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3.2 About 11,000 Tears Ago |
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43 | (10) |
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3.3 Modelville in the 1500s |
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53 | (5) |
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3.4 Paper Currency in the United States |
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58 | (3) |
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3.5 The Creation of the Federal Reserve System |
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61 | (7) |
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68 | (1) |
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4 Saving, Lending, Borrowing, and the Banking Sector |
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69 | (28) |
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4.1 Saving, Borrowing, and Lending |
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69 | (3) |
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4.2 The Creation of Money |
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72 | (8) |
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4.2.1 Fractional Banking and Money Creation |
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73 | (5) |
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4.2.2 What Could Go Wrong? |
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78 | (2) |
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4.3 Borrowing Short and Lending Long |
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80 | (2) |
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4.3.1 Illiquidity Versus Insolvency |
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80 | (2) |
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4.4 Perils of 100 Percent Reserve Banking |
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82 | (4) |
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4.5 Optimal Quantity of Money |
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86 | (10) |
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4.5.1 Prices Serve as Signals |
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88 | (1) |
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4.5.2 Overall Price Level, Inflation, Deflation, and Disinflation |
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89 | (6) |
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4.5.3 Who Decides and How |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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5 Central Banks, Monetary Policy, and the Economy |
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97 | (46) |
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5.1 A Brief History of the Federal Reserve System |
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97 | (14) |
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5.1.1 The First Bank of the United States |
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99 | (5) |
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5.1.2 The Second Bank of the United States |
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104 | (4) |
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5.1.3 The Independent Treasury Bill |
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108 | (1) |
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5.1.4 National Monetary Commission and the National Reserve Association |
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109 | (2) |
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5.2 The Federal Reserve System |
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111 | (6) |
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5.2.1 Structure of the Federal Reserve System |
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112 | (5) |
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117 | (19) |
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5.3.1 Tools of Monetary Policy |
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121 | (10) |
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5.3.2 The Interaction of Money Supply and Money Demand |
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131 | (5) |
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5.4 The Impact of Changes in Money Supply on the Economy |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (4) |
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5.5.7 The Expectations Theory |
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138 | (2) |
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5.5.2 The Segmented Markets Theory |
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140 | (1) |
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5.5.3 The Liquidity Premium Theory |
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140 | (1) |
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141 | (2) |
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6 The Financial Crisis of 2007-2009 and the Great Recession |
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143 | (58) |
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6.1 Monetary Policy and the Economy |
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143 | (8) |
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144 | (7) |
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6.2 The Financial Crisis of 2007-2009 and the Ensuing Great Recession |
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151 | (18) |
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6.2.1 A Timeline of the 2007-2009 Financial Crisis |
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152 | (3) |
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155 | (1) |
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6.2.3 Housing Boom and Bust |
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156 | (8) |
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6.2.4 Findings of the Studies by the Congress and the Senate |
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164 | (5) |
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6.3 The Response of the Federal Reserve System |
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169 | (19) |
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6.3.1 The Zero-Lower-Bound |
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171 | (6) |
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6.3.2 The Yield Curve Again |
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177 | (2) |
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6.3.3 Quantitative Easing (QE) |
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179 | (9) |
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6.4 Did the Unconventional Monetary Policy Work? |
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188 | (3) |
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6.5 Modern Monetary Theory |
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191 | (3) |
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6.5.1 Functional Finance Doctrine |
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192 | (2) |
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6.6 Back to the Modern Monetary Theory |
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194 | (4) |
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198 | (3) |
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7 Economic Growth and the Role of Money |
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201 | (40) |
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7.1 What Is Economic Growth? |
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201 | (21) |
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7.1.1 What Is Gross Domestic Product? |
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203 | (9) |
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7.1.2 Nominal Versus Real GDP |
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212 | (5) |
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7.1.3 GDP Deflator and Consumer Price Index: Measures of Aggregate Price Level |
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217 | (4) |
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7.1.4 Some Concerns About GDP Calculations |
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221 | (1) |
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7.2 Factors Affecting Economic Growth |
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222 | (15) |
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227 | (3) |
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7.2.2 Specialization and Trade |
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230 | (4) |
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234 | (1) |
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7.2.4 The Role of Institutions |
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235 | (2) |
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7.3 What Does Money Have to Do with All This? |
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237 | (1) |
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238 | (3) |
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8 Money in an Interconnected World |
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241 | (28) |
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8.1 An Interconnected World |
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241 | (4) |
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8.2 Money and International Trade |
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245 | (2) |
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8.3 The Determinants of Trade Patterns |
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247 | (3) |
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8.4 What Are Exchange Rates and Why Do We Need Them? |
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250 | (10) |
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8.4.1 Spots, Forwards, Swaps, Futures, and Options |
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254 | (2) |
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8.4.2 Foreign Currency as a Store of Value |
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256 | (2) |
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8.4.3 The Exchange Rate Equilibrium |
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258 | (2) |
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8.5 The Effects of the Foreign Central Bank Action on the Domestic Economy |
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260 | (3) |
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8.5.1 Changes in Money Supply, Interest Rates, and Exchange Rates |
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261 | (1) |
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8.5.2 Changes in Money Supply, Price Level, and Exchange Rates |
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262 | (1) |
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8.6 Common Currency Areas |
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263 | (3) |
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266 | (3) |
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9 Some Concluding Thoughts |
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269 | (6) |
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269 | (3) |
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9.2 A Longing for the Tangible |
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272 | (2) |
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274 | (1) |
Index |
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275 | |