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E-raamat: Multiband Non-Invasive Microwave Sensor: Design and Analysis

(Department of Electronics and Telecommunications Engineering, Babasaheb Ambedkar Technological University, Lonere, INDIA), (Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, Ind)
  • Formaat: 148 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 04-May-2018
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781351402620
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Multiband Non-Invasive Microwave Sensor: Design and AnalysisSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 148 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 04-May-2018
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781351402620
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This monograph focuses on the design, implementation and characterization of a concurrent dual band RF sensor for non-invasive detection of human vital signs.

Exclusive title on multiband short range sensors and their biomedical applications, offers detailed analysis of subsystems based on fabricated and measured prototypes and verifies and discusses the system in the real-time environment.

Discusses the practical difficulties of the design process and offers case studies based on the design.
Preface xi
Authors xiii
1 Introduction
1(10)
1.1 Introduction: Background and Driving Forces
1(1)
1.2 Theory of Non-Invasive VSD Radar
2(6)
1.2.1 Working Principle
5(1)
1.2.2 Issues with the NIVSD Sensor
5(1)
1.2.2.1 Clutters
6(1)
1.2.2.2 DC Offset
6(1)
1.2.2.3 Null Point Detection
7(1)
1.2.2.4 Higher-Order Harmonics
7(1)
1.2.2.5 Signal Processing
8(1)
1.2.2.6 Number of Operational Bands
8(1)
1.3 Scope of the Book
8(1)
1.4 About This Book
9(1)
1.5 Concluding Remarks
10(1)
2 Preliminaries and Review
11(16)
2.1 Introduction
11(1)
2.2 Radio Architecture
11(5)
2.2.1 Transmitter Architecture
12(1)
2.2.1.1 Direct Conversion Architecture
12(1)
2.2.1.2 The Two-Step Architecture
12(1)
2.2.1.3 Offset PLL Architecture
13(1)
2.2.1.4 The Multiband Multifunction Transmitter
14(1)
2.2.2 Receiver Architecture
14(1)
2.2.2.1 Homodyne Receiver Architecture
14(1)
2.2.2.2 Heterodyne Receiver Architecture
15(1)
2.2.2.3 Multifunctional Receiver Architecture
15(1)
2.3 State-of-the-Art NIVSD Radar
16(8)
2.3.1 Radar Architecture
18(1)
2.3.1.1 CW Doppler Radar
19(1)
2.3.1.2 UWB Radar
19(1)
2.3.1.3 FMCW Radar
20(1)
2.3.1.4 Interferometric CW Radar
20(1)
2.3.1.5 On-Chip Integrated Radar
20(1)
2.3.2 Methods for Performance Enhancement
20(1)
2.3.2.1 Clutter and Phase Noise
20(2)
2.3.2.2 DC Off set
22(1)
2.3.2.3 Null Point Detection
22(1)
2.3.2.4 Higher-Order Harmonics
23(1)
2.4 Research Gaps in the Existing NIVSD Sensors
24(2)
2.5 Concluding Remarks
26(1)
3 Design and Characterization of the Radiating Elements
27(22)
3.1 Introduction
27(1)
3.2 Theory of Microstrip Antennas
27(2)
3.3 Characterization of the Concurrent Dualband Patch Antenna
29(19)
3.3.1 Directional 1 × 2 Patch Antenna Array
30(1)
3.3.1.1 Background
30(1)
3.3.1.2 Geometry
31(1)
3.3.1.3 Parametric Study
31(3)
3.3.1.4 Experimental Characterization and Discussion...
34(9)
3.3.2 Omnidirectional 1 × 2 Patch Antenna Array
43(1)
3.3.2.1 Geometry
43(1)
3.3.2.2 Characterization
43(5)
3.4 Conclusions
48(1)
4 Concurrent Dualband Front-End Elements for NIVSD Sensors
49(30)
4.1 Introduction
49(1)
4.2 Concurrent Dualband WPD
49(5)
4.2.1 Related Work
50(1)
4.2.2 Geometry
51(1)
4.2.3 Characterization
52(2)
4.3 Concurrent Dualband LNA
54(13)
4.3.1 Related Work
54(2)
4.3.2 DC Bias Point and Stability Analysis
56(1)
4.3.3 Design of Concurrent DC Bias Network
57(4)
4.3.4 Concurrent Dualband Matching Network
61(3)
4.3.5 Measurement and Analysis
64(3)
4.4 Oscillators
67(11)
4.4.1 DC Bias Simulation and Bias Network Design
69(1)
4.4.2 Stability Analysis and S-Parameter Simulations
70(1)
4.4.3 Design of Matching Networks
71(2)
4.4.4 Design of Resonator Network
73(1)
4.4.5 Harmonic Balance Simulation
74(1)
4.4.6 Measurement Results
74(4)
4.5 Conclusions
78(1)
5 Characterization of a Concurrent Dualband NIVSD Sensor
79(26)
5.1 Introduction
79(1)
5.2 Design Considerations
79(3)
5.2.1 Safety Factor (S)
79(1)
5.2.2 Transmitted Power
80(1)
5.2.3 Optimum and Null Point Consideration
80(1)
5.2.4 Radar Range Equation
81(1)
5.2.5 Receiver Noise Figure
81(1)
5.2.6 Link Budget
81(1)
5.2.7 Link Budget
82(1)
5.3 Measurement System
82(11)
5.4 Sensor Characterization as an Integrated System
93(5)
5.4.1 Link Budget Calculation
94(1)
5.4.2 Link Margin Calculation
95(2)
5.4.3 Detection Range Analysis
97(1)
5.4.4 Safety Factor Analysis
97(1)
5.5 Signal Processing
98(5)
5.6 Conclusions
103(2)
6 Occupancy Sensors
105(12)
6.1 Introduction: Background and Driving Forces
105(2)
6.2 Characterization of the Occupancy Sensor
107(9)
6.2.1 Baseband Signal Processing
108(1)
6.2.2 Performance Analysis
109(4)
6.2.3 Indoor Location Detection of Human Subject
113(3)
6.3 Conclusions
116(1)
7 Conclusions and Future Scope
117(4)
7.1 Conclusions
117(1)
7.2 Future Scope
118(3)
7.2.1 Reconfigurable/Tunable Concurrent Dualband NIVSD
118(1)
7.2.2 Handheld Concurrent Dualband Human Life Tracking Sensor
119(2)
References 121(8)
Index 129
Dr. BRIJESH IYER is working as Assistant Professor in the department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering of Dr. B.A. Technological University-Lonere-Maharashtra-India(The State Technological University). He had completed his doctoral degree in RF and Communication Engineering in 2015 from the Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit research Laboratory in the department of Electronics & Communication Engineering at Indian Institute Technology Roorkee-India. He had won the best paper award at First IEEE MTT-S International Microwave and Radio Frequency Conference (IMaRC-2013) held at New Delhi-India in Dec. 2013.

He is recipient of INAE Research fellowship in Engineering for the year 2015-2016. He authored two books and published several papers in the international journals and conferences of repute. His research interest includes the design and development of concurrent multi-band RF circuits and systems for humanitarian applications and allied signal processing and IoT based Sensor design.

Dr. Nagendra Prasad Pathak: Dr Pathak is currently working as Associate Professor in the Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India. He has received B. Tech. in Electronics & Telecommunication Engineering and M. Tech. in Electronics Engineering and from University of Allahabad in 1998 and 1996 respectively. He completed his Ph.D. degree in the area of Millimeter-wave Integrated Circuits from Indian Institute of Technology Delhi in 2005. Prior to his current assignment at IIT Roorkee in 2006, he held the position of post doctoral research fellow at NRD Super Broadband Research Centre, Tohoku Institute of Technology, Sendai, Japan, as well as Centre for Applied Research in Electronics (CARE), IIT Delhi. He was invited by Indian National Academy of Engineering (INAE) for delivering invited talk in 9th National Frontiers of Engineering Symposium for Young Indian Engineers held at Jodhpur (June 2015). He is recipient of DST Fast Track Research Grant for Young Scientists (2007), IETE India National Research Fellowship in the area of Microwave and Radar Engineering (2004, 2005) and DRDO, Government of India, Junior Research Fellowship in the area of Integrated Optics in the year of 1999.

Dr Pathak has served as Vice Chairman of IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques Society MTT-S) Uttar Pradesh Chapter (2014-16), Faculty advisor, IEEE MTT-S IIT Roorkee student branch (2011-Till date), Coordinator student activities and member executive committee of IEEE Uttar Pradesh section (2015-16). He has acted as reviewer of IEEE Sensor Journal, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE Microwave & Wireless Component Letters, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience & Remote Sensing, Electronic Letters, Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, International Journal of RF & Microwave Computer Aided Engineering.

Dr Pathak has guided 6 Ph.D. theses and supervised 30 M.Tech dissertations in the area of RF -to- THz Integrated Circuits, Systems & Sensors. He has published more than 110 papers in reputed international journals and conferences and has one US patent to his credit. Dr Pathaks current research interests are: Linear and Nonlinear integrated circuits and systems at RF to THz frequencies, Non-invasive RF sensors for industrial, defense, civil infrastructure, agriculture and veterinary applications, Intelligent Transportation systems, RF inspired Nanoscale circuits using the concept of Spoof plasmonics/ Graphene plasmonics for RF to THz wireless systems.
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