|
|
xiii | |
Biographies |
|
xvii | |
Preface |
|
xix | |
Acknowledgments |
|
xxi | |
|
Section I Introduction and Issues in Nanomedicine |
|
|
|
1 Nanotechnology for the Development of Nanomedicine |
|
|
3 | (59) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.1 Nanotechnology and Nanomedicine: Approaching the Ideal Scale |
|
|
4 | (2) |
|
1.2 Approaches of Nanomedicines |
|
|
6 | (1) |
|
1.3 History of Nanomedicines |
|
|
7 | (1) |
|
1.4 Rationale for the Development of Nanomedicine |
|
|
8 | (1) |
|
1.5 Advantages of Nanomedicine Over Conventional Drug Delivery Systems |
|
|
8 | (1) |
|
1.6 Impact of Nanomedicine Applications on Healthcare Costs |
|
|
9 | (1) |
|
1.7 Nanomaterials Used for the Development of Nanomedicines |
|
|
10 | (14) |
|
1.8 Nanotechnology and Medicinal Applications |
|
|
24 | (13) |
|
1.9 Nanomedicine Research, Development, and Current Clinical Status |
|
|
37 | (11) |
|
1.10 Current Clinical Status and Regulatory Considerations |
|
|
48 | (3) |
|
1.11 Challenges in Commercialization of Nanotherapeutics |
|
|
51 | (3) |
|
1.12 Summary and Conclusion |
|
|
54 | (8) |
|
|
55 | (1) |
|
|
55 | (7) |
|
2 Current Update on the Role of Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect in Cancer Nanomedicine |
|
|
62 | (48) |
|
|
|
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
2.2 Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect |
|
|
63 | (5) |
|
2.3 Desired Physiochemical Nanoconstructs |
|
|
68 | (5) |
|
2.4 Enhanced Permeability and Retention-Based Drug Delivery Systems |
|
|
73 | (7) |
|
|
80 | (1) |
|
2.6 Bacterial and Viral Delivery Systems |
|
|
81 | (5) |
|
2.7 Beyond Enhanced Permeability and Retention |
|
|
86 | (9) |
|
2.8 Limitations of the Enhanced Permeability and Retention Effect |
|
|
95 | (4) |
|
|
99 | (11) |
|
|
100 | (10) |
|
3 Systematic Development of Nanocarriers Employing Quality by Design Paradigms |
|
|
110 | (41) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
111 | (6) |
|
3.2 Experimental Designs Employed During Formulation by Design of Drug Delivery System |
|
|
117 | (7) |
|
|
124 | (2) |
|
3.4 Overall Formulation by Design Strategy for Development of Nanostructured Drug Delivery System |
|
|
126 | (1) |
|
3.5 Software Usages During Formulation by Design |
|
|
127 | (1) |
|
3.6 Formulation by Design Optimization of Nanostructured Drug Delivery System: Literature Update |
|
|
127 | (14) |
|
|
141 | (10) |
|
|
142 | (9) |
|
Section II Current Technologies in Nanomedicine |
|
|
|
4 Liposomal-Based Therapeutic Carriers for Vaccine and Gene Delivery |
|
|
151 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
151 | (1) |
|
4.2 Introduction to Liposomes and Their Therapeutic Applications in Vaccine Delivery |
|
|
152 | (4) |
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
4.5 Immunopotentiating Reconstituted Influenza Virosomal Carriers |
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
4.6 Liposomal-Based Gene Delivery |
|
|
158 | (4) |
|
|
162 | (5) |
|
|
162 | (5) |
|
5 Polymeric Micelles for Drug Targeting and Delivery |
|
|
167 | (36) |
|
Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
167 | (1) |
|
5.2 Mechanism of Micelle Formation |
|
|
168 | (1) |
|
5.3 Morphology of Polymeric Micelles |
|
|
169 | (1) |
|
5.4 Types of Polymeric Micelles |
|
|
169 | (2) |
|
5.5 Polymers Commonly Used to Fabricate Polymeric Micelles |
|
|
171 | (4) |
|
5.6 Advantages of Polymeric Micelles as Drug Delivery Carriers |
|
|
175 | (1) |
|
5.7 Polymeric Micelle Targeting Approaches |
|
|
175 | (17) |
|
5.8 Polymeric Micelles for Drug Delivery: Future Prospects |
|
|
192 | (11) |
|
|
193 | (10) |
|
6 Nanoparticle-Homing Polymers as Platforms for Theranostic Applications |
|
|
203 | (20) |
|
|
|
|
|
203 | (2) |
|
6.2 Noble Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Different Polymers |
|
|
205 | (9) |
|
6.3 Other Metal Nanoparticles Supported on Different Polymers |
|
|
214 | (5) |
|
|
219 | (4) |
|
|
219 | (4) |
|
7 Polymeric Nanoparticles in Targeting and Delivery of Drugs |
|
|
223 | (33) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
224 | (2) |
|
7.2 Methods of Preparation |
|
|
226 | (7) |
|
7.3 Physiochemical and Surface Properties |
|
|
233 | (1) |
|
7.4 Drug Loading and Drug Release of Nanoparticles |
|
|
234 | (1) |
|
|
235 | (3) |
|
7.6 Polymeric Nanoparticles in Targeted Drug Delivery |
|
|
238 | (3) |
|
7.7 Clinical Application of Polymeric Nanoparticles |
|
|
241 | (7) |
|
7.8 Conclusion and Future Prospects |
|
|
248 | (8) |
|
|
249 | (1) |
|
|
249 | (7) |
|
8 Solid Lipid Nanoparticles for Targeting and Delivery of Drugs and Genes |
|
|
256 | (31) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
257 | (2) |
|
8.2 Morphology and Structure of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles |
|
|
259 | (1) |
|
8.3 Ingredients and Preparation of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles |
|
|
260 | (5) |
|
8.4 Production of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles-Based Hybrid Preparations |
|
|
265 | (1) |
|
8.5 Characterization of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles |
|
|
265 | (1) |
|
8.6 Limitations of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Approaches to Overcome |
|
|
266 | (2) |
|
8.7 Route of Administration, Biopharmaceutic and Pharmacokinetic of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles |
|
|
268 | (2) |
|
8.8 Medical Applications of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles |
|
|
270 | (7) |
|
8.9 Marketed Products and Patents |
|
|
277 | (3) |
|
8.10 Summary and Conclusion |
|
|
280 | (7) |
|
|
280 | (1) |
|
|
281 | (6) |
|
9 Lipid-Based Nanoparticles for Targeted Drug Delivery of Anticancer Drug |
|
|
287 | (35) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
287 | (5) |
|
9.2 Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy |
|
|
292 | (1) |
|
9.3 Challenges in Delivery of a Promising Anticancer Agent---Paclitaxel |
|
|
293 | (2) |
|
9.4 Drug Delivery Carriers Based on Lipids (Solid and/or Liquid) |
|
|
295 | (12) |
|
9.5 Marketed Paclitaxel Products |
|
|
307 | (6) |
|
|
313 | (9) |
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
|
314 | (8) |
|
10 Bioadhesive Polymers for Targeted Drug Delivery |
|
|
322 | (41) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
323 | (1) |
|
10.2 Mucus: A Basic Need for Physiological Functioning and Bioadhesion |
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
10.3 Theories of Bioadhesion |
|
|
325 | (2) |
|
10.4 Effect of Polymer Properties on Bioadhesion Process |
|
|
327 | (2) |
|
10.5 Bioadhesive Polymers Used for Delivery of Therapeutic Molecules |
|
|
329 | (3) |
|
10.6 Evaluation Parameters of Bioadhesive Polymer-Based Drug Delivery Systems |
|
|
332 | (2) |
|
10.7 Utility of Bioadhesive Polymers in Drug Delivery |
|
|
334 | (22) |
|
|
356 | (7) |
|
|
356 | (7) |
|
11 Dendrimers in Targeting and Delivery of Drugs |
|
|
363 | (26) |
|
|
Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin |
|
|
|
|
|
|
364 | (1) |
|
11.2 Properties of Dendrimers |
|
|
364 | (5) |
|
11.3 Synthesis of Dendrimers |
|
|
369 | (2) |
|
|
371 | (4) |
|
11.5 Applications of Dendrimers |
|
|
375 | (3) |
|
11.6 Dendrimers in Targeted Drug Delivery |
|
|
378 | (3) |
|
11.7 Dendrimers as Imaging Agents |
|
|
381 | (1) |
|
11.8 Toxicity of Dendrimers |
|
|
381 | (2) |
|
11.9 Conclusion and Future Prognosis |
|
|
383 | (6) |
|
|
383 | (6) |
|
12 Carbon Nanotubes in Targeting and Delivery of Drugs |
|
|
389 | (38) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
390 | (1) |
|
|
391 | (1) |
|
12.3 Methods of Preparation |
|
|
392 | (3) |
|
12.4 Functionalization of CNTs |
|
|
395 | (3) |
|
12.5 Properties and Pharmacokinetics of CNTs |
|
|
398 | (6) |
|
12.6 Classification of CNTs |
|
|
404 | (1) |
|
12.7 Applications of CNTs in Drug Delivery |
|
|
405 | (13) |
|
12.8 Biosafety/Toxicity Profile of CNTs |
|
|
418 | (2) |
|
|
420 | (1) |
|
12.10 Conclusion and Future Perspective |
|
|
421 | (6) |
|
|
422 | (5) |
|
13 Quantum Dots in Targeted Delivery of Bioactives and Imaging |
|
|
427 | (26) |
|
|
|
|
|
427 | (2) |
|
13.2 Historical Background of Quantum Dots |
|
|
429 | (1) |
|
13.3 Design of Quantum Dots |
|
|
429 | (1) |
|
13.4 Properties of Quantum Dots |
|
|
430 | (2) |
|
13.5 Methods of Quantum Dots Fabrication |
|
|
432 | (4) |
|
13.6 Characterization Techniques of Quantum Dots |
|
|
436 | (1) |
|
13.7 Surface Engineering of Quantum Dots |
|
|
436 | (1) |
|
13.8 Quantum Dots Related Toxicity and Its Remedial Strategies |
|
|
437 | (3) |
|
13.9 Quantum Dots in Drug Delivery |
|
|
440 | (2) |
|
13.10 Quantum Dots in Drug Targeting |
|
|
442 | (1) |
|
13.11 Quantum Dots in Diagnostic Imaging |
|
|
443 | (2) |
|
13.12 Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives |
|
|
445 | (8) |
|
|
446 | (7) |
|
Section III Future Developments and Challenges in Nanomedicine |
|
|
|
14 Toxicity Concerns of Nanocarriers |
|
|
453 | (32) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
454 | (1) |
|
|
454 | (2) |
|
14.3 Hemocompatibility and Immunotoxicity in Micelles and Nanoemulsion |
|
|
456 | (2) |
|
14.4 Pulmonary Toxicity Considerations |
|
|
458 | (1) |
|
14.5 Cardiovascular Toxicity |
|
|
458 | (1) |
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
14.7 Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity |
|
|
459 | (1) |
|
14.8 Hemocompatibility and Immunotoxicity of Liposomes |
|
|
460 | (2) |
|
|
462 | (1) |
|
14.10 Solid Lipid Nanoparticles |
|
|
462 | (2) |
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
14.12 Solvent Emulsification--Diffusion |
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
14.13 Heated Microemulsion |
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
14.15 Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance |
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
14.16 Microscopy Techniques |
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
14.17 Toxic Effects of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles In Vivo |
|
|
466 | (2) |
|
14.18 Effect of the Size on the Cytotoxicity and Genotoxicity |
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
14.19 Comments and Future Perspectives |
|
|
469 | (1) |
|
14.20 Polymeric Nanoparticles |
|
|
469 | (2) |
|
|
471 | (1) |
|
|
471 | (1) |
|
14.23 Poly (Ethylene Imine) |
|
|
472 | (1) |
|
14.24 Albumin Nanoparticles |
|
|
473 | (2) |
|
14.25 Nanofibers as Drug Delivery Systems |
|
|
475 | (10) |
|
|
476 | (9) |
|
15 Microporation and Nanoporation for Effective Delivery of Drugs and Genes |
|
|
485 | (30) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
485 | (1) |
|
15.2 Microporation as an Upcoming Approach to Transfer Drug via Skin |
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
|
487 | (8) |
|
15.4 Other Techniques to Create Micropores |
|
|
495 | (1) |
|
|
496 | (13) |
|
15.6 Emerging and Future Prospects |
|
|
509 | (6) |
|
|
510 | (1) |
|
|
510 | (5) |
Index |
|
515 | |