Muutke küpsiste eelistusi

E-raamat: Natural Gas Hydrates in Flow Assurance

3.00/5 (2 hinnangut Goodreads-ist)
Editor-in-chief , Edited by , Edited by
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 12-Oct-2010
  • Kirjastus: Gulf Professional Publishing
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781856179461
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Formaat - EPUB+DRM
  • Hind: 97,56 €*
  • * hind on lõplik, st. muud allahindlused enam ei rakendu
  • Lisa ostukorvi
  • Lisa soovinimekirja
  • See e-raamat on mõeldud ainult isiklikuks kasutamiseks. E-raamatuid ei saa tagastada.
Natural Gas Hydrates in Flow AssuranceSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 12-Oct-2010
  • Kirjastus: Gulf Professional Publishing
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781856179461
Teised raamatud teemal:

DRM piirangud

  • Kopeerimine (copy/paste):

    ei ole lubatud

  • Printimine:

    ei ole lubatud

  • Kasutamine:

    Digitaalõiguste kaitse (DRM)
    Kirjastus on väljastanud selle e-raamatu krüpteeritud kujul, mis tähendab, et selle lugemiseks peate installeerima spetsiaalse tarkvara. Samuti peate looma endale  Adobe ID Rohkem infot siin. E-raamatut saab lugeda 1 kasutaja ning alla laadida kuni 6'de seadmesse (kõik autoriseeritud sama Adobe ID-ga).

    Vajalik tarkvara
    Mobiilsetes seadmetes (telefon või tahvelarvuti) lugemiseks peate installeerima selle tasuta rakenduse: PocketBook Reader (iOS / Android)

    PC või Mac seadmes lugemiseks peate installima Adobe Digital Editionsi (Seeon tasuta rakendus spetsiaalselt e-raamatute lugemiseks. Seda ei tohi segamini ajada Adober Reader'iga, mis tõenäoliselt on juba teie arvutisse installeeritud )

    Seda e-raamatut ei saa lugeda Amazon Kindle's. 

With millions of kilometres of onshore and offshore oil and gas pipelines in service around the world, pipelines are the life’s blood of the world. Notorious for disrupting natural gas production or transmission, the formation of natural gas hydrates can cost a company hundreds of millions and lead to catastrophic equipment breakdowns and safety and health hazards. Written by an international group of experts, Natural gas Hydrates in Flow Assurance provide an expert overview of the practice and theory in natural gas hydrates, with applications primarily in flow assurance. Compact and easy to use, the book provides readers with a wealth of materials which include the key lessons learned in the industry over the last 20 years. Packed with field case studies, the book is designed to provide hands-on training and practice in calculating hydrate phase equilibria and plug dissociation. In addition readers receive executable programs to calculate hydrate thermodynamics.

    Case studies of hydrates in flow assurance

    The key concepts underlying the practical applications

    An overview of the state of the art flow assurance industrial developments

    Muu info

    Provides hands-on training and practice in calculating hydrate phase equilibria and plug dissociation
    List of Figures
    		xiii
    Preface xxi
    1 Introduction
    		1(12)
    Dendy Sloan
    1.1 Why are Hydrates Important?
    		1(1)
    1.2 What are Hydrates?
    		2(2)
    1.2.1 Hydrate Crystal Structures
    		2(2)
    1.3 Four Rules of Thumb Arising from Crystal Structure
    		4(5)
    1.4
    Chapter Summary Application: Methane Hydrate Formation on an Emulsified Water Droplet
    		9(2)
    References
    		11(2)
    2 Where and How are Hydrate Plugs Formed?
    		13(24)
    Dendy Sloan
    Jefferson Creek
    Amadeu K. Sum
    2.1 Where do Hydrates form in Offshore Systems?
    		13(3)
    2.2 How do Hydrate Plugs form? Four Conceptual Pictures
    		16(16)
    2.2.1 Hydrate Blockages in Oil-Dominated Systems
    		17(1)
    2.2.1.1 Rules of Thumb for Hydrate Formation in Oil-Dominated Systems
    		18(1)
    2.2.1.2 A Model for Hydrate Formation in Oil-Dominated Flowlines
    		19(3)
    2.2.2 Hydrate Formation in Gas-Condensate Systems
    		22(1)
    2.2.2.1 Case Study 1: Tommeliten-Gamma Field
    		22(2)
    2.2.2.2 Case Study 2: Werner-Bolley Field Hydrate Formation
    		24(2)
    2.2.2.3 Hypothesized Mechanism for Gas-Dominated Systems
    		26(1)
    2.2.3 Hydrate Blockages in Condensate Flowlines
    		27(4)
    2.2.4 High-Water-Cut (Volume) Systems
    		31(1)
    2.3 Risk Management in Hydrate Plug Prevention
    		32(3)
    2.3.1 Cold Stabilized Flow
    		33(2)
    2.4 Relationship of
    Chapter to Subsequent Content
    		35(1)
    References
    		35(2)
    3 Safety in Hydrate Plug Removal
    		37(12)
    Carolyn Koh
    Jefferson Creek
    3.1 Two Safety Case Studies
    		37(9)
    3.1.1 Case Study 1: One-Sided Depressurization
    		37(1)
    3.1.1.1 The Cause and Effect of Hydrate Projectiles
    		38(3)
    3.1.1.2 Predicting Plug Projectile Effects
    		41(3)
    3.1.1.2.1 Example Calculation
    		44(1)
    3.1.1.3 The Effect of Multiple Plugs
    		45(1)
    3.1.2 Case Study 2: Heating a Plug
    		45(1)
    3.2 Common Circumstances of Plug Formation and Plug Removal Safety
    		46(1)
    3.2.1 Common Circumstances of Plug Formation
    		46(1)
    3.2.2 Plug Removal Safety Recommendations
    		46(1)
    3.3 Relationship of
    Chapter to Subsequent Content
    		47(1)
    References
    		47(2)
    4 How Hydrate Plugs are Remediated
    		49(38)
    Norm McMullen
    4.1 Introduction
    		50(1)
    4.2 Safety Concerns
    		51(1)
    4.3 Blockage Identification
    		52(2)
    4.3.1 Determining Cause of Blockage
    		53(1)
    4.4 Locating Blockage
    		54(1)
    4.5 Determining Blockage Size
    		55(1)
    4.6 Blockage Removal Options
    		56(7)
    4.6.1 Pressure
    		57(1)
    4.6.2 Chemical
    		58(1)
    4.6.3 Mechanical
    		58(1)
    4.6.4 Thermal
    		59(1)
    4.6.4.1 Heated Bundle
    		60(1)
    4.6.4.2 Electrical Heating
    		61(1)
    4.6.4.3 Heating Tent
    		61(1)
    4.6.4.4 Mud or Fluid Circulation
    		61(1)
    4.6.4.5 External Heat Tracing
    		62(1)
    4.6.4.6 Guiding Principles for Thermal Remediation
    		62(1)
    4.7 Removal Strategies
    		63(12)
    4.7.1 Pipelines/Flowlines Strategy
    		63(1)
    4.7.1.1 Recommended Order of Consideration
    		64(1)
    4.7.1.2 Detailed Discussion of Pipelines/Flowlines Strategy
    		64(1)
    4.7.1.2.1 Pressure Method
    		64(1)
    4.7.1.2.2 Chemical Management
    		65(1)
    4.7.1.2.3 Mechanical Method
    		65(1)
    4.7.1.4.4 Thermal Method
    		66(1)
    4.7.2 Wells Strategy
    		66(1)
    4.7.2.1 Recommended Order of Consideration
    		67(1)
    4.7.2.2 Detailed Discussion of Well Strategy
    		67(1)
    4.7.2.2.1 Pressure Method
    		67(1)
    4.7.2.2.2 Chemical Method
    		68(1)
    4.7.2.2.3 Mechanical Method
    		68(1)
    4.7.2.2.4 Thermal Method
    		68(1)
    4.7.3 Risers Strategy
    		69(1)
    4.7.3.1 Recommended Order of Consideration
    		69(1)
    4.7.3.2 Detailed Discussion of Riser Strategy
    		70(1)
    4.7.3.2.1 Pressure Method
    		70(1)
    4.7.3.2.2 Chemical Method
    		70(1)
    4.7.3.2.3 Mechanical Method
    		71(1)
    4.7.3.2.4 Thermal Method
    		71(1)
    4.7.4 Equipment Strategy
    		72(1)
    4.7.4.1 Recommended Order of Consideration
    		72(1)
    4.7.4.2 Detailed Discussion of Remediation Strategy
    		72(1)
    4.7.4.2.1 Pressure Method
    		72(1)
    4.7.4.2.2 Chemical Method
    		73(1)
    4.7.4.2.3 Mechanical Method
    		73(1)
    4.7.4.2.4 Thermal Method
    		74(1)
    4.8 Case Studies
    		75(6)
    4.8.1 Export Pipeline (BP Pompano)
    		75(1)
    4.8.1.1 Strategy Employed to Dissociate the Plug
    		76(1)
    4.8.2 Gas Condensate Pipeline (Chevron)
    		77(1)
    4.8.3 Well (Gas Condensate)
    		78(1)
    4.8.4 Equipment (BP Gulf of Mexico)
    		78(3)
    References
    		81(1)
    Appendix
    		82(5)
    5 Artificial and Natural Inhibition of Hydrates
    		87(18)
    Thierry Palermo
    Dendy Sloan
    5.1 How Thermodynamic Hydrate Inhibitors Function and How They are Used
    		88(4)
    5.2 The Low Dosage Hydrate Inhibitors (LDHIs)
    		92(5)
    5.2.1 Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitors
    		92(3)
    5.2.2 Anti-Agglomerants
    		95(2)
    5.3 Naturally Inhibited Oils
    		97(6)
    5.3.1 Viscosity of Suspension
    		98(1)
    5.3.2 Viscosity of Aggregated Suspension
    		98(2)
    5.3.3 Methodology
    		100(1)
    5.3.4 Prediction
    		101(2)
    5.4 Conclusion
    		103(1)
    References
    		103(2)
    6 Kinetic Hydrate Inhibitor Performance
    		105(40)
    Mike Eaton
    Jason Lachance
    Larry Talley
    6.1 Introduction
    		105(1)
    6.2 Study 1: Miniloop Flowing KHI Hold Time
    		106(5)
    6.3 Study 2: Autoclave Testing Methodology
    		111(17)
    6.3.1 Introduction
    		112(2)
    6.3.2 Miniloop Equivalence Requirements
    		114(2)
    6.3.3 Device Design
    		116(4)
    6.3.4 Test Procedures and Data Interpretation
    		120(1)
    6.3.4.1 Teq Tests
    		120(8)
    6.4 Hold-Time Tests
    		128(4)
    6.4.1 Autoclave Study Summary
    		132(1)
    6.5 Study 3: Correlation of Miniloop, Large Loop, and Rocking Cell Results
    		132(1)
    6.6 Study 4---Correlation of Large Loop and Field Results
    		133(1)
    6.7 Conclusion
    		134(1)
    References
    		135(1)
    Appendix
    		136(9)
    7 Industrial Operating Procedures for Hydrate Control
    		145(18)
    Adam Ballard
    George Shoup
    Dendy Sloan
    7.1 Introduction
    		145(1)
    7.2 Deepwater System Design
    		146(1)
    7.3 Application of
    Chapters 1 through 6
    		147(6)
    7.3.1 Question 1: When and Where Are Hydrates Likely to Form in the Production System?
    		148(1)
    7.3.2 Question 2: What Can I Control in Order to Prevent Hydrates from Forming?
    		148(1)
    7.3.3 Question 3: What are the Monitoring Points in the System That Will Give Indication of Hydrates?
    		149(1)
    7.3.3.1 Risk of Hydrate Plugging
    		150(1)
    7.3.3.2 Signs of Hydrate Plugging
    		150(1)
    7.3.4 Question 4: If a Hydrate Plug Forms in the Production System, How Can It Be Remediated?
    		151(1)
    7.3.4.1 Inject Chemical
    		152(1)
    7.3.4.2 Stop Flow
    		152(1)
    7.3.4.3 Reduce Flow
    		152(1)
    7.3.4.4 Increase Flow
    		152(1)
    7.4 Generation of Operating Procedures for Hydrate Control
    		153(2)
    7.4.1 Detailed Design---Customer: Engineering
    		153(1)
    7.4.2 Operating Guidelines---Customer: Engineering and Operations
    		153(1)
    7.4.3 Operating Procedures---Customer: Operations
    		154(1)
    7.5 Operating Procedure Details
    		155(5)
    7.5.1 Who Is the Customer?
    		156(1)
    7.5.2 Writing an Operating Procedure
    		157(3)
    7.6 Sample Operating Procedure: Cold Well Startup into Cold System
    		160(2)
    7.6.1 Pre-Startup Checklist
    		161(1)
    7.6.2 Restart Guidelines
    		161(1)
    7.7 Relationship of
    Chapter to Others in This Book
    		162(1)
    References
    		162(1)
    8 Conclusion
    		163(8)
    8.1
    Chapter 1: Basic Structures and Formation Properties
    		164(1)
    8.2
    Chapter 2: How Hydrate Plugs Form and are Prevented
    		165(1)
    8.3
    Chapter 3: Hydrate Safety during Remediation
    		166(1)
    8.4
    Chapter 4: Industrial Methods for Hydrate Plug Dissociation
    		167(1)
    8.5
    Chapter 5: Inhibitor Mechanisms and Naturally Inhibited Oils
    		167(2)
    8.6
    Chapter 6: Certifying Hydrate Kinetic Inhibitors for Field Performance
    		169(1)
    8.7
    Chapter 7: Offshore Production Operating Procedures for Hydrate Control
    		169(2)
    Appendix: Six Industrial Hydrate Blockage Examples and Lessons Learned 171(22)
    Index 193
    Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta
    Püsilink: https://www.kriso.ee/db/97818561794616e.html
    Märksõnad: