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E-raamat: New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Microbial Biofilms: Current Research and Future Trends in Microbial Biofilms

Edited by (Research Professor, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea), Edited by (Associate Professor, Department of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences (AES), National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship & Management (NIFTEM),)
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  • Ilmumisaeg: 10-Oct-2019
  • Kirjastus: Elsevier Science Ltd
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  • ISBN-13: 9780444642806
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New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Microbial Biofilms: Current Research and Future Trends in Microbial BiofilmsSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: EPUB+DRM
  • Ilmumisaeg: 10-Oct-2019
  • Kirjastus: Elsevier Science Ltd
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780444642806
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New and Future Developments in Microbial Biotechnology and Bioengineering: Microbial Biofilms is divided into three sections: microbial adhesion/biofilms in medical settings, microbial adhesion/biofilms in agriculture, and microbial adhesion/biofilm in the environment and industry. Chapters cover adhesion and biofilm formation by pathogenic microbes on tissue and on indwelling medical devices, including sections on human infections, microbial communication during biofilm mode of growth, host defense and antimicrobial resistance, and more. Other sections cover the biofilms of agriculturally important and environmental friendly microbes, including biofilm formation on plants, in soil, and in aquatic environments.

Finally, the latest scientific research on microbial adhesion and biofilm formation in the environment and in industry is covered.

  • Provides an overview on the growth, structure, cell-to-cell interactions, and control/dispersal of bacterial and fungal of in vitro and in vivo biofilms
  • Presents an overview on the microbial adhesion, biofilm formation and structures of single-species and multi-species biofilms on human tissues/medical devices, agriculture, environment and chemical industries
  • Includes chapters on microbial biofilms of pathogenic microbes on human tissues and in medical indwelling devices
  • Covers factors affecting microbial biofilm, adhesion and formation
Contributors xiii
1 Microbial biofilms and human disease: A concise review
Mukesh Kumar Yadav
Jae-Jun Song
Bhim Pratap Singh
Jorge E. Vidal
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 Biofilm-related infection of humans (tissue)
1(4)
1.2.1 Biofilm in chronic rhinosinusitis
3(1)
1.2.2 Otitis media
4(1)
1.2.3 Biofilms in kidney-related infections
4(1)
1.2.4 Lung infection in cystic fibrosis
4(1)
1.2.5 Biofilms in chronic wounds
5(1)
1.3 Biofilm alters host immune response
5(1)
1.4 Antibiotic resistance mechanisms of bacterial biofilms
6(1)
1.4.1 Biofilm matrix
6(1)
1.4.2 Slow growing
6(1)
1.4.3 Efflux pumps
7(1)
1.4.4 Persister cells
7(1)
1.5 Biofilm detection and diagnosis in clinical settings
7(2)
1.5.1 Biofilm detection in lung infection in cystic fibrosis
8(1)
1.5.2 Biofilms detection in chronic wounds
8(1)
1.5.3 Biofilm detection in orthopedic infections
8(1)
1.5.4 Biofilm detection on catheters
9(1)
1.6 Conclusion
9(1)
Acknowledgment
9(1)
References
9(6)
2 Microbial biofilms on medical indwelling devices
Mukesh Kumar Yadav
Jorge E. Vidal
Jae-Jun Song
2.1 Introduction
15(1)
2.2 Origin of microbial contamination on medical implants
16(1)
2.3 Biofilms associated with orthopedic implants
16(1)
2.4 Biofilms associated with catheters
17(1)
2.5 Biofilms associated with cardiovascular implants
17(1)
2.6 Biofilms associated with ocular implants
18(1)
2.6.1 Biofilms on contact lens
18(1)
2.6.2 Biofilms associated with scleral buckles
18(1)
2.6.3 Biofilms on conjunctival plug
18(1)
2.6.4 Biofilms on lacrimal intubation devices
19(1)
2.7 Role of biofilms in ventilation-associated pneumonia
19(1)
2.8 Bacteria mobility and biofilms on medical implants
19(1)
2.9 Strategies to control biofilms on medical devices
20(2)
2.9.1 Prevention of initial attachment of biofilm-forming microbes
20(1)
2.9.2 Inhibition or biofilm signal disruption
20(2)
2.9.3 Disruption or eradication of established biofilms
22(1)
2.10 Diagnosis of microbial biofilms associated with medical devices
22(1)
2.11 Conclusion and future perspectives
23(1)
Acknowledgment
23(1)
References
23(6)
3 Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms and infections: Roles of extracellular molecules
Theerthankar Das
Arthika Manoharan
Greg Whiteley
Trevor Glasbey
Jim Manos
3.1 Introduction
29(1)
3.2 Biofilm formation by P. aeruginosa
29(6)
3.2.1 Role of polysaccharides in P. aeruginosa biofilms and pathogenesis
32(1)
3.2.2 Proteins involved in the development of P. aeruginosa pathogenesis
32(1)
3.2.3 The role of eDNA in biofilm formation, stability, and protection
33(1)
3.2.4 Rhamnolipids in P. aeruginosa biofilm maintenance and virulence
33(1)
3.2.5 Pyocyanin's role in P. aeruginosa virulence and biofilm formation
34(1)
3.2.6 The role of siderophores in P. aeruginosa persistence and infection
34(1)
3.3 P. aeruginosa in different infection sites
35(2)
3.3.1 Dominance of P. aeruginosa in cystic fibrosis
35(1)
3.3.2 P. aeruginosa in urinary tract infections
35(1)
3.3.3 Diabetic foot ulcers and P. aeruginosa
36(1)
3.3.4 P. aeruginosa in wound and burn infections
36(1)
3.4 P. aeruginosa: Antimicrobial resistance in the clinical setting
37(1)
3.5 Current antibiotic and disinfectant treatments against P. aeruginosa infection
37(1)
3.6 Development of alternative approaches and novel antimicrobial agents to combat resistant bacteria
38(2)
3.7 Concluding remarks
40(1)
References
41(6)
4 Microbial biofilms: Human mucosa and intestinal microbiota
Ahtesham Hussain
AbuZar Ansari
Rizwan Ahmad
4.1 Introduction
47(1)
4.2 Cut microbiota
47(3)
4.2.1 Gut microbiota dysbiosis and human health
49(1)
4.2.2 Gut microbiota biofilms
49(1)
4.2.3 Beneficial or commensal microbe biofilms in the human gut
49(1)
4.2.4 Benefits of biofilm in human health
50(1)
4.3 Bacteria biofilms in different regions of the gut
50(2)
4.3.1 Mucosal biofilm
51(1)
4.3.2 Bacteria colonization in the upper GI tract
51(1)
4.3.3 Bacteria colonization in the stomach, small bowel, and large intestine
51(1)
4.4 Development of biofilms by pathogenic bacteria
52(1)
4.5 Beneficial roles of gut microbiota on pathogen biofilms
52(1)
4.6 Beneficial roles of probiotic bacteria against pathogen biofilm formation
53(1)
4.7 Effect of herbal medicines against pathogen biofilm formation
54(1)
4.8 Conclusion
55(1)
References
56(4)
Further reading
60(1)
5 Biofilms: Development and molecular interaction of microbiome in the human oral cavity
Sandra Soria
Paola Isabel Angulo-Bejarano
Ashutosh Sharma
5.1 Introduction
61(12)
5.1.1 Oral biofilm
61(2)
5.1.2 Oral biofilms and antibiotic resistance
63(1)
5.1.3 Oral biofilm formation stages
64(1)
5.1.4 Coaggregation mechanisms
65(1)
5.1.5 Competition mechanisms in the biofilm
66(1)
5.1.6 Intrinsic and extrinsic factors are affecting the stability of the biofilm
67(1)
5.1.7 Microtransient equilibrium in the biofilm
67(1)
5.1.8 Composition and classification of dental plaque
68(1)
5.1.9 Colonization and succession in biofilms
69(1)
5.1.10 Metagenomic exchange in oral biofilm
70(1)
5.1.11 Major microbes of the oral cavity
71(2)
5.2 Conclusions and future perspectives
73(1)
References
73(2)
Further reading
75(2)
6 Antistaphylococcal activity of 2(5H)-furanone derivatives
Airat R. Kayumov
Irshad S. Sharafutdinov
Elena Yu Trizna
Mikhail I. Bogachev
6.1 Introduction
77(1)
6.2 2(5H)-Furanones as repressors of the staphylococcal biofilm formation
78(6)
6.3 The mechanism of action
84(1)
6.4 Safety questions
85(1)
6.5 Concluding remarks
86(1)
References
86(5)
7 Actinobacteria as a potential natural source to produce antibiofilm compounds: An overview
Purbajyoti Deka
Zothanpuia
Ajit Kumar Passari
Bhim Pratap Singh
7.1 Introduction
91(1)
7.2 Impact of biofilm on the environment
91(1)
7.3 Biofilm formation
92(1)
7.3.1 Attachment
92(1)
7.3.2 Maturation
92(1)
7.3.3 Detachment
93(1)
7.4 Major biofilm-forming bacteria
93(1)
7.5 Studying antibiofilms
93(3)
7.6 Role of various agents of actinobacteria in biofilm eradication
96(1)
7.7 Future aspects of antibiofilm activity of actinobacteria
96(1)
References
97(2)
Further reading
99(2)
8 Control of microbial biofilms: Application of natural and synthetic compounds
Jagadeesh N.M.
Karabasappa Mailar
8.1 Introduction
101(1)
8.2 Quorum sensing
102(1)
8.2.1 Acyl homoserine lactones
102(1)
8.3 c-di-GMP
102(2)
8.4 N-Heterocycles
104(3)
8.5 Coumarins
107(1)
8.6 Natural compounds for antibiofilm activity
108(4)
8.7 Conclusion
112(1)
References
112(5)
9 Microbial biofilms involved in the filtration of odorous gas emissions from livestock farming
Priyanka Kumari
Binu M. Tripathi
9.1 Introduction
117(1)
9.2 Odorous gases emitted from CAFOs
117(1)
9.2.1 Ammonia
118(1)
9.2.2 Hydrogen sulfide
118(1)
9.2.3 Volatile organic compounds
118(1)
9.3 Biofiltration of odorous gases
118(2)
9.3.1 Biofiltration media
118(1)
9.3.2 Moisture
119(1)
9.3.3 Mass transfer of odorous gases
119(1)
9.4 Microbial biofilms
120(1)
9.5 Conclusions
121(1)
References
121(4)
10 Microbial biofilms: Development, structure, and their social assemblage for beneficial applications
Mohini Prabha Singh
Pratiksha Singh
Hai-Bi Li
Qi-Qi Song
Rajesh Kumar Singh
10.1 Introduction
125(1)
10.2 Biofilms: Definition and development
125(2)
10.2.1 Why microbes create biofilms
126(1)
10.2.2 Development of biofilms
126(1)
10.3 Factors affecting biofilm growth and dispersal
127(1)
10.3.1 Effect of pH
127(1)
10.3.2 Effect of temperature
127(1)
10.3.3 Effects of nutrients
128(1)
10.3.4 Rheological and adhesive properties of biofilms
128(1)
10.3.5 Gene regulation
128(1)
10.3.6 Production of extracellular polymeric substances
128(1)
10.3.7 Extracellular DNA
128(1)
10.4 Characteristics
128(1)
10.4.1 Quorum sensing
129(1)
10.4.2 Resistance
129(1)
10.4.3 Genetic transfer within biofilms
129(1)
10.5 Biofilm physiology
129(1)
10.6 Biofilms in the marine environment
129(1)
10.7 Methods of biofilm community classification
129(2)
10.7.1 Traditional methods
130(1)
10.7.2 Advanced methods for classifying biofilms are
130(1)
10.7.3 Methods for studying biofilms
130(1)
10.8 Antibiotic resistance among biofilms
131(1)
10.9 Applications of biofilms
131(4)
10.9.1 Food industry
131(1)
10.9.2 Water and wastewater treatment
132(1)
10.9.3 Biofilters
132(1)
10.9.4 Biofuels
132(1)
10.9.5 Bioremediation
133(1)
10.9.6 Oil degradation/recovery
134(1)
10.9.7 Biocementation
135(1)
10.9.8 Biofilm as protective communities
135(1)
10.10 Conclusion
135(1)
References
135(3)
Further reading
138(1)
11 Biofilm: A microbial assemblage on the surface---A boon or bane?
Jitendra Kumar
Vijay Kumar Sharma
Shobhika Parmar
Pratiksha Singh
Rajesh Kumar Singh
11.1 Introduction
139(1)
11.1.1 What are biofilms?
139(1)
11.2 Factors involved in biofilm formation
139(1)
11.2.1 Proteins
139(1)
11.2.2 Exopolysaccharides
140(1)
11.2.3 Lipids, nucleic acids, and other substances
140(1)
11.3 Stages of biofilm formation
140(2)
11.3.1 Surface attachment
141(1)
11.3.2 Growth and maturation of the biofilm
141(1)
11.3.3 Cell-to-cell communication
142(1)
11.3.4 Biofilm dispersion
142(1)
11.4 Mono and mixed biofilm
142(1)
11.5 Different microbial species in the biofilm
143(2)
11.5.1 Bacteria
143(2)
11.5.2 Fungi
145(1)
11.5.3 Archea
145(1)
11.5.4 Diatoms
145(1)
11.6 Genes involved in biofilm formation
145(1)
11.7 Technology used to analyse biofilms
146(1)
11.8 Beneficial biofilms
146(1)
11.8.1 Biofilms in agriculture
146(1)
11.8.2 Biofilms in the environment and wastewater treatment
146(1)
11.9 Harmful biofilms
147(1)
11.10 Conclusion
147(1)
References
147(3)
Further reading
150(1)
12 Plant and soil-associated biofilm-forming bacteria: Their role in green agriculture
Manoj Kumar Solanki
Anjali Chandrol Solanki
Baby Kumari
Brijendra Kumar Kashyap
Rajesh Kumar Singh
12.1 Introduction
151(1)
12.2 Biofilm formation
152(1)
12.3 Bacterial biofilm and plant
153(4)
12.4 Role of biofilms in plant disease management
157(1)
12.5 Biofilms and salt/drought/heavy metal tolerance
158(1)
12.6 Beneficial bacteria biofilms: An alternative to chemical fertilizers
159(1)
12.7 Green agriculture and future prospects
159(1)
References
160(5)
13 Rhizobacteria and its biofilm for sustainable agriculture: A concise review
Suraja Kumar Nayak
Swapnarani Nayak
Jayanta Kumar Patra
13.1 Introduction
165(1)
13.2 Diversity and occurrence of rhizobacteria and its biofilm
166(2)
13.3 Rhizobacteria and plant growth
168(3)
13.3.1 Involvement of rhizobacteria in plant growth: The basic mechanism
168(1)
13.3.2 Rhizospheric soil health and nutrient management
169(1)
13.3.3 Stress management
170(1)
13.3.4 Disease control and irradiation
170(1)
13.3.5 Other bacterial components
171(1)
13.4 Molecular understanding of rhizobacteria and their biofilms
171(1)
13.5 Concluding remarks
172(1)
References
173(2)
Further reading
175(2)
14 Biofilm-mediated bioremediation of pollutants from the environment for sustainable development
Sangeeta Yadav
Ram Chandra
14.1 Introduction
177(2)
14.2 Biofilm formation by bacteria
179(5)
14.3 Extracellular polymeric substances
184(2)
14.4 Factors affecting biofilm formation
186(1)
14.4.1 Effect of nutrients, pH, and temperature on biofilm formation
186(1)
14.4.2 Velocity, turbulence, and hydrodynamics
186(1)
14.4.3 Bacterial cells surface topography
186(1)
14.4.4 Production of EPS
186(1)
14.4.5 Gene regulation and QS for biofilm formation
186(1)
14.4.6 Extracellular DNA
187(1)
14.4.7 Divalent cations
187(1)
14.5 Biofilm regulation in bacteria
187(4)
14.5.1 QS system in Gram-negative bacteria
187(2)
14.5.2 QS in Gram-positive bacteria
189(1)
14.5.3 Hybrid QS in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria
190(1)
14.6 Biofilm mechanisms involved in bioremediation
191(8)
14.7 Types of pollutants remediated by biofilms
199(1)
14.8 Conclusions
199(1)
Acknowledgments
200(1)
References
200(3)
Further reading
203(2)
15 Microbial biofilm: An advanced eco-friendly approach for bioremediation
Anjney Sharma
Hena Jamali
Anukool Vaishnav
Balcndu Shekhar Giri
Alok Kumar Srivastava
15.1 Introduction
205(1)
15.2 Composition of a biofilm
206(1)
15.3 Biofilm formation mechanisms
207(1)
15.4 Environmental pollutants
208(1)
15.5 Role of biofilms in bioremediation
208(3)
15.6 Mechanisms and pathway of bacterial pollutant biodegradation
211(2)
15.7 Application of biofilm bioreactors for degradation of toxic pollutants
213(1)
15.8 Future prospects and conclusion
214(1)
References
214(4)
Further reading
218(3)
16 Agriculturally important microbial biofilms: Biodiversity, ecological significances, and biotechnological applications
Kusam Lata Rana
Divjot Kour
Ajar Nath Yadav
Neelam Yadav
Anil Kumar Saxena
16.1 Introduction
221(3)
16.2 Agriculturally important microbial biofilms
224(1)
16.2.1 Biofilm formation by PGP microorganisms
224(1)
16.2.2 Biofilm formation by plant pathogenic microorganisms
225(1)
16.3 Mechanisms involved in biofilm formation
225(6)
16.3.1 Processes in a biofilm formation
225(2)
16.3.2 Factors influencing biofilm formation
227(1)
16.3.3 Genes involved in biofilm formation
228(2)
16.3.4 Ecological significance of biofilm formation
230(1)
16.4 Biodiversity and abundance of biofilm-forming microbes
231(13)
16.4.1 Algal biofilms
235(2)
16.4.2 Distribution of algal biofilms
237(1)
16.4.3 Role of algal biofilms
238(2)
16.4.4 Archaeal biofilms
240(1)
16.4.5 Bacterial biofilms
240(2)
16.4.6 Fungal biofilms
242(2)
16.5 Biotechnological applications
244(6)
16.5.1 Biofilms in relation to plant growth and health protection
244(3)
16.5.2 Role of biofilms in biocontrol
247(1)
16.5.3 Role of biofilms in mitigating stress
248(1)
16.5.4 Role in diverse agro-ecosystems as of biofilms biofertilizers
249(1)
16.5.5 Impact of biofilms on soil health
249(1)
16.6 Conclusion and future prospects
250(1)
Acknowledgments
250(1)
References
250(14)
Further reading
264(3)
17 Potential application of bacterial biofilm for bioremediation of toxic heavy metals and dye-contaminated environments
Ranjan Kumar Mohapatra
Saroj Sekhar Behera
Jayanta Kumar Patra
Hrudayanath Thatoi
Pankaj Kumar Parhi
17.1 Introduction
267(1)
17.2 What is a biofilm?
268(1)
17.3 Why biofilms?
268(1)
17.4 Formation and development of bacterial biofilm
269(1)
17.4.1 Adhesion (reversible) and adsorption (irreversible)
269(1)
17.4.2 Maturation and function of biofilm
269(1)
17.5 Components of bacterial biofilm
270(1)
17.5.1 Exopolysaccharides
270(1)
17.5.2 Extracellular/structural proteins
270(1)
17.5.3 Enzymes
270(1)
17.5.4 Biosurfactants
270(1)
17.5.5 Extracellular nucleic acid (DNA)
270(1)
17.5.6 Change in physiological state and quorum sensing of biofilms
270(1)
17.5.7 Quorum sensing
271(1)
17.6 Pollution of toxic heavy metals
271(1)
17.6.1 Toxicological health impacts of some major heavy metals
271(1)
17.7 Pollution of toxic dyes
272(1)
17.7.1 Toxic effect of dye molecules
272(1)
17.8 Remediation of toxic metals and dyes
272(1)
17.9 Bioremediation approaches
273(1)
17.10 Role of biofilms in bioremediation
273(1)
17.10.1 Immobilization of metal ions by EPS
274(1)
17.11 Application of biofilms for bioremediation of heavy metals
274(1)
17.12 Application of biofilms for bioremediation of dyes
275(1)
17.13 Factors affecting bioremediation of dyes and metals
276(2)
17.13.1 Temperature
276(1)
17.13.2 pH
276(1)
17.13.3 Oxygen concentration
277(1)
17.13.4 Contact time
277(1)
17.13.5 Initial concentration of metals and dyes
277(1)
17.13.6 Presence of co-contaminants
277(1)
17.13.7 Redox potential
277(1)
17.13.8 Quorum sensing (cell-to-cell signaling)
278(1)
17.13.9 Chemotaxis
278(1)
17.13.10 Gene transfer
278(1)
17.14 Genetic engineered biofilms: A future prospective for bioremediation
278(1)
17.15 Conclusions
278(1)
References
279(2)
Further reading
281(2)
18 Microbial biofilms: Functional annotation and potential applications in agriculture and allied sectors
Divjot Kour
Kusam Lata Rana
Tanvir Kaur
Neelam Yadav
Ajar Nath Yadav
Ali A. Rastegari
Anil Kumar Saxena
18.1 Introduction
283(1)
18.2 Study of biofilm-forming microbes
284(1)
18.2.1 Classical techniques used to study biofilms
284(1)
18.2.2 The biofilm flow cell
285(1)
18.3 Mechanisms of biofilm formation
285(2)
18.3.1 Initial attachment
285(1)
18.3.2 Irreversible attachment
285(1)
18.3.3 Microcolony formation
285(1)
18.3.4 Maturation
286(1)
18.3.5 Dispersion
286(1)
18.4 Factors affecting biofilm formation
287(2)
18.4.1 Nutrient availability
287(1)
18.4.2 Temperature, pH, and moisture content
287(1)
18.4.3 Surfaces
288(1)
18.4.4 Salinity
288(1)
18.4.5 Microbial products
288(1)
18.5 Biotechnological applications of biofilms
289(5)
18.5.1 Beneficial impact for sustainable agriculture
289(3)
18.5.2 Beneficial impact for sustainable environments
292(2)
18.6 Concluding remarks
294(1)
Acknowledgments
294(1)
References
294(7)
Further reading
301(2)
Index 303
Dr. Mukesh Kumar Yadav is working as Research Professor at Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. He has more than 10 years of research experience in the field of microbiology in general and molecular microbiology, molecular diagnostic, medical microbiology, Host-pathogen interaction, microbial biofilms and plant-pathology in particular. Dr. Yadavs research is focused on microbial biofilms in clinical setups. He is particularly interested on biofilm related pathogenesis and identification of novel pathway for the development of new antimicrobial/antibiofilm compounds. The host-response during single species or multi-species colonization in vivo is also important part of his study. Using in vitro biofilm model and in vivo colonization models, his group have identified a number of natural and synthetic compounds that are effective in controlling bacterial growth in planktonic as well as under biofilm state. Treatment of biofilm related infections is huge challenge in clinical settings, and it is further complicated by emergency of antimicrobial strains. Therefore, Dr Yadavs group is identifying non-antibiotic antimicrobial agents with multiple mode of action. Dr. Yadav has completed four major research projects on microbial biofilms funded by Korean Government under National Research Fellowship Program, and Science and Technology department (Government of South Korea). Dr. Yadav has enough exposure in the field of bacterial and fungal biofilms, and has established good collaboration with medical healthcare practitioners and industrial researchers. Dr. Yadavs research group has identified biofilm related genes and their pathway in both bacteria and fungi. And have identified the potential anti-biofilm compounds (synthetic and natural), and also studied genomic, proteomics and mechanism of biofilm formation by single species and multi-species using in vitro and in vivo models. Dr Yadav has published more than 35 research articles on in peer review journals. Dr. Singh is Associate Professor in the Department of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences at National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship & Management (NIFTEM), An Institute of National Importance (INI), under the Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Government of India. Dr. Singh has obtained his Ph.D. from the Department of Biotechnology, Bundelkhand University, Jhansi, India while working in the Indian Agricultural Research Institute-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms (ICAR-NBAIM), Mau, India completed his post graduate training at the National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources (ICAR-NBPGR), Pusa campus, New Delhi on Genetic Diversity of Barley Landraces by using RAPD markers. Dr. Singh has authored more than 100 research papers and book chapters in journals and books of international repute. Dr. Singh edited six books published by Springer and Elsevier. He is a member of the Association of Microbiologist of India (AMI), the Asian PGPR society for Sustainable Agriculture, the Mushroom Society of India (MSI), and the Indian Science Congress (ISC). He received several prestigious awards from agencies such as DST, New Delhi and other agencies in the field of Microbial Diversity. Dr Singh has served as guest editors in many journals like Frontiers in Microbiology, Biology-MDPI, Journal of Fungi-MDPI, Frontiers in Molecular biosciences etc. His major research areas are in postharvest disease management using natural agents and improving the shelf life of fresh commodities to reduce food loss happening during the food supply chain.
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