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viii | |
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x | |
| Preface |
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xiii | |
| Acknowledgements |
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xvi | |
| Symbols and Abbreviations |
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xviii | |
| Leipzig Glossing Abbreviations |
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xx | |
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1 | (8) |
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1 | (2) |
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1.2 The Finite/Non-finite Distinction |
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3 | (3) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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1.6 Organization of the Book |
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7 | (2) |
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2 Non-finiteness in the Literature |
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9 | (59) |
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2.1 Non-finiteness in the Early History of English Grammar Writing |
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9 | (5) |
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2.2 Non-finiteness in Traditional Grammar: Morphology-Based |
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14 | (7) |
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2.2.1 The Property of the Verb |
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15 | (1) |
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2.2.2 The Categorization of Non-finite Clauses in English |
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16 | (2) |
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2.2.3 Sentence-Building Power and the Status of Tense |
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18 | (2) |
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2.2.4 Scale of Finiteness |
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20 | (1) |
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2.3 Non-finiteness from the Typological Perspective |
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21 | (8) |
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2.3.1 Category Space and the Continuum Hypothesis |
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21 | (4) |
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2.3.2 Obligatorily and Asymmetry |
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25 | (2) |
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2.3.3 Root Infinitives in Children's Early Language |
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27 | (2) |
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2.4 Non-finiteness in Generative Grammar: Form-Based |
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29 | (9) |
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2.4.1 PRO as Subject of Non-finite Clauses |
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30 | (3) |
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2.4.2 Tense and the Finite/Non-finite Distinction |
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33 | (3) |
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2.4.3 Non-isomorphic Relation between Content and Form |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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2.5 Non-finiteness in Cognitive Grammar: Meaning-Based |
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38 | (8) |
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2.5.1 Non-finiteness as Atemporal Construal |
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38 | (2) |
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2.5.2 The View of Scalarity |
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40 | (3) |
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2.5.3 Verbal and Finite versus Nominal and Non-finite |
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43 | (1) |
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2.5.4 Conceptual Motivation |
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44 | (1) |
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2.5.5 Non-finite Clauses as Constructions |
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45 | (1) |
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2.6 Non-finiteness in Systemic Functional Grammar: Meaning- and Form-Based |
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46 | (9) |
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2.6.1 General Discussions on Non-finite Clauses |
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46 | (3) |
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2.6.2 Criteria of Non-finite Clause Identification |
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49 | (2) |
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2.6.3 Function-Specified Systems of Non-finite Clauses |
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51 | (4) |
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2.7 Viewpoints from Other Theories and the Semantic Types |
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55 | (7) |
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55 | (1) |
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2.7.2 Role and Reference Grammar |
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56 | (1) |
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2.7.3 Functional Discourse Grammar |
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57 | (3) |
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2.7.4 Other Approaches and the Semantic Types |
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60 | (2) |
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2.8 Some Special Types to Be Noted |
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62 | (2) |
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2.9 A Summary of the Relevant Research |
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64 | (4) |
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3 Theoretical Foundations |
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68 | (34) |
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3.1 Prerequisite: Distinguishing Spoken and Written Language |
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68 | (5) |
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3.1.1 Differences between Spoken and Written Language |
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69 | (2) |
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3.1.2 Grammars for Speech and Writing |
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71 | (2) |
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73 | (2) |
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3.3 Metafunctions as Universal Categories |
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75 | (4) |
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3.4 Process as the Basic Semantic Unit |
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79 | (5) |
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3.4.1 Types of Situation and Types of Process |
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79 | (4) |
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3.4.2 Major, Median and Minor Processes |
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83 | (1) |
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3.5 Clause as the Basic Syntactic Unit: Major, Median and Minor |
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84 | (3) |
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3.6 Ideational Grammatical Metaphor |
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87 | (8) |
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3.6.1 A Sketch of Ideational Grammatical Metaphor |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (2) |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (2) |
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94 | (1) |
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3.7 Embedding, Two Principles and Rankshifting |
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95 | (4) |
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3.8 Defining Non-finiteness in Terms of Function |
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99 | (3) |
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4 Basic Process Relations as One Solution to the Controversy |
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102 | (20) |
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4.1 The Basic Construction and Its Functional Components |
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102 | (2) |
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4.2 The Para-relation of Processes |
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104 | (2) |
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4.3 The Hypo-relation of Processes |
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106 | (2) |
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4.4 The Participant Conflated |
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108 | (3) |
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4.5 Process as Primary Participant |
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111 | (3) |
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4.6 Process as Secondary Participant |
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114 | (3) |
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4.7 Process as Circumstance |
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117 | (2) |
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4.8 The Triple Participant |
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119 | (3) |
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5 Non-finiteness as the Bridge for Process Compression |
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122 | (21) |
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123 | (11) |
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5.1.1 Conjunctions in English and Chinese |
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123 | (2) |
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5.1.2 Reconsidering Coordination, Subordination and Embedding |
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125 | (5) |
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5.1.3 Non-finite Clauses as a Basic Category of Clause Combining |
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130 | (4) |
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5.2 Basic Clause Relations and Non-finiteness |
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134 | (6) |
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5.2.1 Paratactic Relations |
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135 | (1) |
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5.2.2 Circumstantial Relations |
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136 | (2) |
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5.2.3 Participantial Relations |
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138 | (2) |
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5.3 The Metaphoric Syndrome and Non-finite Clauses as the Bridge |
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140 | (3) |
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6 Revisiting the Controversial English Constructions with Non-finiteness |
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143 | (20) |
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6.1 Controversial Constructions with Non-finiteness in English: A Sketch |
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144 | (1) |
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6.2 Causatives and Non-causatives |
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144 | (2) |
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6.3 COCA Distribution of Typical Verbs in (Non-)Causatives |
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146 | (3) |
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6.4 Process Relations in Typical English Constructions with Non-finiteness |
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149 | (2) |
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6.5 The Serial Verb Construction |
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151 | (3) |
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6.6 The Existential Construction |
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154 | (4) |
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6.7 The Absolute Construction |
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158 | (1) |
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6.8 The Process Relation in Ambiguous Non-finite Constructions |
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159 | (4) |
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7 Revisiting the Controversial Chinese Constructions with Non-finiteness |
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163 | (32) |
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7.1 The Serial Verb Construction |
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164 | (5) |
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7.2 The Pivotal Construction |
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169 | (10) |
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7.3 Pivotal Construction or Grammatical Metaphor? |
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179 | (4) |
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7.4 The Existential Construction |
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183 | (7) |
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7.5 Other Controversial Non-finite Constructions Revisited |
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190 | (5) |
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195 | (4) |
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8.1 Overview of the Major Findings |
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195 | (2) |
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8.2 Limitations and Further Study |
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197 | (2) |
| References |
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199 | (28) |
| Index |
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227 | |
Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta